NYUMA Y’IMYAKA 27 FPR YANANIWE GUTANDUKANYA IGIHUGU N’UBUTEGETSI. BIHATSE IKI?

Yanditswe na Remezo Rodriguez

Mu biganiro byinshi dukunda kubagezaho usanga akenshi byibanda ku makuru yo gutabariza Abanyarwanda bagejejwe aharindimuka n’ingoma ya FPR Inkotanyi. Usanga akenshi twibanda ku makuru y’ababuriwe irengero, abafungiwe ubusa, abishwe, abambuwe imitungo baruhiye, amategeko arengera agatsiko (système yigaruriye ubutegetsi ). Ugasanga koko umugambi mugari w’Abaryankuna ushingiye ku mpirundaramatwara Gacanzingo, igamije kubura u Rwanda, kuruvana mu maboko y’abicanyi batarushakira ibyiza, ahubwo hakimakazwa ukuri n’ubutabera, maze abagomye ku mpande zose bagakubitwa icyuhagiro, bakanywa kuri kamaramahano, bagasubira mu murongo mugari wo kubaka igihugu no kucyagura mu bukungu no mu ntekerezo. Akaba ari wo musingi ufatika w’amahoro, imibereho myiza n’iterambere rirambye, buri wese yibonamo. Ibi kandi bigakorwa hatekerezwa ku gihugu ubwacyo aho gutekereza ku butegetsi.

Kuba rero nyuma y’imyaka 27 FPR itarabasha gutandukanya igihugu n’ubutegetsi ijisho ry’Abaryankuna rikorera i Kigali ryegereye abasesenguzi batandukanye bagiye banyura mu myuga itandukanye, barimo abaganga, abarimu, abahoze ari abasirikare n’abapolisi, abanyamategeko, abanyamakuru, abanyamadini, abacuruzi, abashomeri, n’abandi benshi maze baganira aho igihugu gitandukaniye n’ubutegetsi.

Mu buryo bw’imikorere (Méthodologie). Icyegeranyo yakoze ni kirekire tukaba tugiye kubagezaho incamake.

Mu gutangira abasesenguzi batangiye basobanura icyo ubutegetsi ari cyo maze babisobanura mu ngingo eshanu (5) z’ingenzi zikurikira:

  1. Ubutegetsi nka “système politique”: Kuri iyi ngingo basobanura ko iri riba itsinda ry’abantu bake batoranywa n’abandi kugira ngo babayobore bavana ahabi cyangwa aheza buhoro babajyana aheza kurushaho. Iyi rero iba ikuriwe na Perezida wa Repubulika agakoresha abamufasha bakunda igihugu.

Abasesenguzi rero bakababazwa n’uko agatsiko ka FPR kafashe u Rwanda ku ngufu, karuyoboye kinyeshyamba, kakwigwizaho imitungo, kakica uwo gashaka, kakagabira uwo gashaka, nta kindi kitayeho.

  • Ubutegetsi mu buryo bw’imitegerekerere y’igihugu (Système administratif): Abasesenguzi basobanura iyi ngingo bashingiye ku buryo ubutegetsi bugabanyijemo ibice bitatu (Pouvoirs législatif, exécutif, judiciaire). Harebwa rero uburyo buri butegetsi bwigenga, cyane cyane hakarebwa niba Nyubahirizategeko butivanga mu Bucamanza. Harebwa kandi uburyo amashyaka menshi agira ubwisanzure bungana mu gutanga ibitekerezo byubaka igihugu, hakanitabwa ku buryo ubutegetsi bwubatse kuva ku nzego zo hasi kugera ku rwego rw’igihugu. Ni ukuvuga kuva ku Isibo, Umudugudu, Akagari, Umurenge, Akarere, Igihugu, zose zigakora zigamije iterambere ry’umuturage.

Aha rero niho abasesenguzi bahera bemeza ko u Rwanda rwashimuswe n’agatsiko gategeka uko gashaka katitaye ku mategeko kaba kishyiriyeho.

  • Ubutegetsi nk’ububanyi n’amahanga (Politique de coopération bilatérale, régionale et internationale): Mu gushaka kumenya ubu butegetsi harebwa ubutwererane, imigenderanire n’ubuhahiranire hagati y’ibihugu n’ibindi byaba ibyo mu karere cyangwa ibyakure, mu bwubahane.

Aha naho rero abasesenguzi bose twaganiriye ntibarya iminwa iyo bavuze ko ubutegetsi bwa FPR bwananiwe kubuna n’ibihugu bihana imipaka (Burundi, RDC, Tanzania, Uganda), ariko bagera kuri Uganda bagasanga ari amahano yabuze gihanura, bakibaza ukuntu iki gihugu cyareze agatsiko imyaka isaga 30, ndetse kigafata bamwe mu bakagize kikabagira icyo bari cyo ubu ariko bashinze ijosi ngo barishoboye, nyamara umunyarwanda yaravuze ngo “nta rutugu rukura ngo rusumbe ijosi”. FPR ntibizi?

  • Ubutegetsi mu buryo bw’ubukungu (Economie): Mu gusobanura ubu butegetsi abasesenguzi basobanura ko harebwa uburyo ubukungu bw’igihugu ugereranyije n’amahanga, bakareba uko buzamuka (croissance économique), hakarebwa umubare w’abantu bashoboye gukora bafite akazi (taux de chômage), uburyo ifaranga rihagaze ugereranyije n’igipipimo hagati y’ibyinjira n’ibisohoka (inflation de monnaie par rapport à la balance imports/exports), ndetse hakarebwa icyo umuturage yinjiza ugereranyije n’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu (GDP/Capita), n’ibindi n’ibindi.

Iyi ngingo rero ntabwo twashatse kuyitandaho kuko twabonye ko ubuhungu bw’u Rwanda n’amadeni arenga 80% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu nta handi byerekera uretse kugwa muri “chaos total”.

  • Ubutegetsi mu buryo bwo kugira ijambo (Influence politique): Abasesenguzi bemeza ko ubutegetsi bugira ijambo mu ruhando mpuzamahanga kuko bufite igisirikare gikomeye (militairement puissant), ariko na none hakarebwa uko cyumvwa n’amahanga kubera uko kigaragara ku ruhando mpuzamahanga. Iri jambo rero ritangwa bwa mbere n’abaturage batuye igihugu bishimye.

Aha rero niho abasesenguzi bavuga ko uretse kwivanga mu ntambara zidafitiye inyungu Abanyarwanda gusa, ubundi nta jambo rifatika u Rwanda rufite mu ruhando mpuzamahanga kuko amaraporo ya UN n’ay’indi miryango mpuzamahanga yita ku burenganzira bwa muntu adahwema kurushinja ibyaha no kugira abaturage batishimye. N’ubwo rubihakana ariko burya “nta nduru ivugira ubusa ku gasozi”!! FPR irabyirengagiza.

Mu kwanzura iki gika rero gisobanura ubutegetsi icyo ari cyo twavuga ko ubutegetsi ari “système” ijyaho ikanavaho, mu buryo bwiza cyangwa ububi. Ibi rero ntabwo FPR irabyumva dore imyka ibaye 27.

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Abasesenguzikandi bakomeza basobanura igihugu icyo ari cyo ndetse bakerekana aho gitandukaniye n’ubutegetsi buriho. Muri rusange igihugu kireberwa mu ngingo enye (4) zikurikira:

  1. Igihugu mu buryo bugaragara (physique): Igihugu mu buryo buri physique ni igihugu kiri ahantu hazwi (espace/territoire). Kigomba kugaragazwa n’ubuso bwacyo (u Rwanda rufite 26,338 km2). Kigaragazwa kandi n’ibiri kuri ubwo buso bijyanye n’ibidukikije (environnement): imiturire (habitat), amashyamba (forêts), inyamaswa (animaux), imisozi (monts, Montagnes, Hautes Terres, Volcans, Crête, Contre-forts de la crête), ibitwa (Plateaux), ibisiza (Basses Terres), Ibishanga (Marais), imigezi (Rivières), ibiyaga (Lacs), ubutaka buhehereye (Terres Humides), ubutaka bwumye (Terres Arides), ubutayu (Désert), n’ibindi n’ibindi byose bigaragarira amaso. Iki rero ni ikintu gikomeye kuko Intare n’Ingwe ziri muri Parc y’Akagera, Ingagi iri muri Parc y’Ibirunga, Amafi ari muri Lac Rweru cyangwa Isambaza ziri muri Lac Kivu, n’izindi nyamaswa nabyo bifite uburenganzira kuri iki gihugu kiboneka mu bigaragara (physique).

Abasesenguzi rero bahita bibaza niba inyamaswa zifite uburenganzira ku gihugu physique kuki abana b’u Rwanda bagihezwamo, bakagirwa impunzi mu gihugu cyangwa hanze yacyo, abandi bakaborera mu magereza, babeshyerwa ko banga igihugu? Ese iki gihugu baba bashinjwa kwanga ni iki gihugu physique?

  • Igihugu mu buryo bw’intekerezo (philosophie, mythes, légendes): Kumenya iki gihugu bisaba gusubira mu mateka ukareba uko cyabayeho, abagishinze, icyo bari bagamije n’inzira banyuzemo. Ibyo ntibihagije habaho no gucukumbura imyemerere, imigenzo, imihango n’imiziririzo ya buri gihugu.

Aha rero niho abasesenguzi basanga iki gihugu philosophique abagiye basimburana ku butegetsi baragiye bagoreka amateka babibwirijwe cyangwa babyibwirijwe, bituma wagira ngo u Rwanda ni ibihugu byinshi kuko buri wese uje yigisha idéologie ye kandi akayigisha rimwe na rimwe abizi neza ko ntaho ihuriye n’ukuri, ahubwo akabikora agamije inyungu z’akanya gato zigamije kuzuza igifu cye gusa, nta kindi yitayeho.

  • Igihugu mu buryo bw’umuco (culturel): Abanyarwanda baravuga ngo “agahugu umuco akandi uwako”, bivuze ko utamenya u Rwanda urebye ngo ubundi “Kirazira n’indangagaciro” zabo ni izihe, zavutse zite, zakuze zite. Hakarebwa amategeko akigenga, n’isano afitanye n’amateka y’igihugu. Hakibandwa mu kureba ikibahuza nk’ururimi, aho guhembera amacakubiri no guhora ushaka ibitanya abantu. Undi yaravuze ngo “utazi iyo ava ntamenya iyo ajya”, bivuze ko umuco ukura, ugasaza ukaba wanahinduka bibaye ngombwa, kandi bikemerenywa n’abanyagihugu bose nta kureba inyungu za bamwe, ahubwo hakimazwa inyungu rusange z’igihugu, hatarebwe umuntu umwe.

Aha rero naho, abasesenguzi basanga FPR yarirengagije nkana umuco mwiza w’ubupfura n’ubworohererane, itakaza ubumuntu maze yimika umuco wo gucecekesha abo batavuga rumwe. Abishwe ni benshi cyane.

  • Igihugu mu buryo bw’imibereho myiza n’Iterambere ry’ubukungu (Bien-être Social et Dévéloppement Economique): Muri iki cyiciro harebwa niba abanyagihugu bose bafite uburenganzira bw’ibanze bagenerwa n’amategeko: Twavuga nk’uburenganzira ku buzima, ku mashuri, ku buvuzi, mu gutanga ibitekerezo bye, kwishyira hamwe n’abandi, gutura aho ushaka n’ibindi.

Harebwa kandi uburenganzira ku mutungo n’ubwisanzure bwa buri wese mu kwikungahaza. Ubutegetsi bugasabwa gushyiraho urubuga (climat, environnement) rutuma habaho kwisanzura mu bucuruzi, kandi umutungo w’umuntu ukaba ndakorwaho. Ibi se abasenyeye Bannyahe ntibari babizi?

Aha na none basanga FPR yarananiwe kugera kuri iyi myumvire y’igihugu giha abagituye buse uburenganzira bungana, ahubwo yihatira kwigwizaho ibya rubanda kugira ngo amakonti ya FPR muri Panama no mu bindi bihugu bita “Paradis fiscaux”, akomeze abyimbe nyamara hakibarurwa abaturage batagira aho gukinga umusaya, abandi bakaba bacurwa bufuni na buhoro, batazi niba bari buramuke, byaba bikaba igitangaza!

Mu kwanzura iki cyegeranyo twakwibutsa inzego zose ko igihe hari umuntu ukunda ubutegetsi, aburyarya gusa yirebera inyungu ze gusa, azarangirana n’ubwo butegetsi mu gihe umuntu ukunda igihugu ntaho ajya, ahora ahangayikishijwe no gushaka ibyiza byacyo. Niba hari abahisemo kurya ibya rubanda, abo bakunda ubutegetsi kuko bubakamira, ariko ntibakunda igihugu. Baratubeshya, twarabavumbuye ku mugaragaro.

N’ubwo icyizere ari gikeya, ariko MINUBUMWE ikwiye gushyiraho, ku ikubitiro, ingamba zo kwigisha Abanyarwanda, bakava mu kinyoma cya FPR cyo kwitiranya ubutegetsi n’igihugu. Ntibyoroshye kuko abashinzwe kuyobora iyi Minisiteri yamunzwe n’amacakubiri, nta cyizere dufitiye Dr Jean Damascène BIZIMANA. Kudakunda ubutegetsi ntibivuze kwanga igihugu. Ibi bikwiye gusobanurwa neza, bikumvikana!

FPR, WANANIWE GUTANDUKANYA UBUTEGETSI N’IGIHUGU, NTITUZAGUKUMBURA

Remezo Rodriguez

Kigali.