Uyu mwaka wa 2021 tugiye kurangiza waranzwe ni inkuru ya PEGASUS, ikoranabuhanga ryo kuneka, ryakoreshejwe ni ibihugu byinshi harimo u Rwanda.
Inkuru dukesha ikinyamakuru The Verge yo ku wa 03/12/2021 itubwira ko byibuze abakozi icyenda (9) ba Deparitoma ya Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika bakorana bya hafi na Uganda bumvirijwe hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya NSO Group, nk’uko byatangajwe na Reuters. Ikinyamakuru cyitwa The Wall Street Journal nacyo cyemeje iyi nkuru, kerekana ko abakozi ba Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika n’ambasade ya Uganda bumvirijwe bagera kuri 11. Mu gihe bitazwi neza uwashoje uru rugamba, NSO Group yiyemerera ko ari yo yagurishije iri koranabuhanga kuri za guverinoma n’ibigo byazo byahawe uburenganzira na guverinoma ya Isiraheli.
Aha reka twibutse ko u Rwanda arirwo rwanetse ubuyobozi bwa Uganda.
NSO yanemeje ko ikoranabuhanga ryayo ritashoboraga kugenzura nomero za Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika (Ni ukuvuga izitangirwa na kode y’igihugu itangiwe na +1). Iki kibazo ntigisobanuye ko nta kumvirizwa kwabayeho, nk’uko Reuters ibitangaza, bigaragara ko abari bagambiriwe ari abakozi ba Deparitoma ya Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika, bakoreshaga nomero z’inyamahanga. Gusa, amatelefone yumvirijwe yakoreshwaga mu bushabitsi bwa Deparitoma ya Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika, bishobora kumvikana ko NSO itivanze muri ubu butasi bwibasiye guverinoma ya Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika.
Reuters yatangaje ko ibi bitero byagabwe mu mezi menshi atambutse.
PEGASUS NI IKORANABUHANGA RIKOMEYE RISHOBORA GUFATA TELEFONE BA NYIRAZO BATABIMENYE
Ikoranabuhanga mu butasi rya Pegasus yakozwe na NSO ishobora kwinjira mu mabanga ya telefone ziri kure, yaba izikoresha iOS cyangwa Android, rishobora kandi kwinjira muri telefoni binyuze muri microphones cyangwa cameras z’iyo telefone. Iri koranabuhanga rikoze ku buryo udasabwa kugira aho ukanda ngo wumvirizwe, birahagije gusa gukanda aho ari ho hose, ugize nk’icyo ufungura ugahita utangira kumvirizwa.
Pegasus ikoze ku buryo iyo yakwinjiriye nta kimenyetso na kimwe isiga inyuma, abashoramari bakomeye bamaze kubaka uburyo wamenya niba telefone yawe yinjiriwe. Ushobora kwifashisha impuguke zikora ubucukumbuzi mu kumenya ko Pegasus yakwinjiriye, ariko yibanda cyane ku banyamakuru, abanyapolitiki n’impirimbanyi z’uburenganzira bwa muntu.
NSO, ubundi ifite icyicaro muri Isiraheli, iba igomba guhabwa uburenganzira na Minisiteri y’Ingabo ya Isiraheli mbere y’uko igurisha iri koranabuhanga ku kindi kigo cya guverinoma. Umwe mu bashinze NSO witwa Shalev Hulio yakomeje gutsindagira ko Kompanyi yabo iba itazi abakiriya bagura iri koranabuhanga ngo barikoreshe ubutasi. Avuga kandi ko Kompanyi izihatira kumenya abakiriya bayo bakoresha Pegasus mu buryo butemewe ikabavaniraho uburyo ubwo ari bwose bwo kwinjira mu mabanga y’abandi.
PEGASUS YAKOREWE GUKORESHWA GUSA MU GUTAHURA ABANYABYAHA N’IBYIHEBE ARIKO IFITE AMATEKA MAREMARE MU GUKORESHWA NABI
Umuvugizi wa NSO yabwiye Reuters ko Kompanyi yabo izakora amaperereza kuri raporo zayo, kandi ambassade ya Isiraheli izakomeza kureba abinjirira Abakozi ba Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika binjirirwa n’ikoranabuhanga rya Pegasus mu byo wakwita “kurenga ku mategeko gukomeye” kw’ikigo kiba cyatanze ubu burenganzira.
Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika ziherutse kongera ku rutonde rwayo NSO, nk’ifite imiziro muri Kompanyi z’Amerika zemerewe kugurisha ibikorwa byazo. Mu bikorera, Apple yamaze gutanga ikirego iregamo NSO Group, ikayishinja kwinjira mu mabanga y’akazi yayo, aho yanakoze za konti zirenga 100 za iCloud zo kohereza ubutumwa bwo mu bwoko bwa iMessage. Apple ivuga ko ibangamiwe bikomeye na NSO yamaze kuyiteza Pegasus ikoresheje iOS 14.8 ikaba inamaze gukora uburyo bwo kwirinda bwiswe iOS 15, bigaragara ko yo itarabasha kwinjirirwa na Pegasus.
Igihe iyi kompanyi yatangazaga ikirego cyayo, Apple yavuze ko iburiye abakoresha telefone zayo ko abatewe bari bagambiriwe n’ubutasi bwateguwe na Leta z’ibihugu bibyita kwirwanaho.
Umunyapolitiki wo muri Uganda witwa Norbert Mao aherutse gutangaza ku rubuga rwe rwa Twitter, mu kwezi kwa 11 ko yakiriye uwo muburo uvuye muri Apple. The Wall Street Journal nayo yatangaje ko hari abakozi ba Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika babonye uyu muburo.
Hari kandi na none raporo zivuga ko guverinoma ya Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika irimo gukorana bya hafi n’ibihugu kugira ngo byirinde kumvirizwa ahanini bikorwa Leta ziyoboresha igitugu (authoritarian States). Nk’uko tubikesha The Wall Street Journal, imbaraga nyinshi zizashyirwa mu kugenzura ibyoherezwa mu mahanga kandi bikazatangazwa ku mugaragaro mu Nama kuri Demokarasi (Summit for Democracy) yabaye ku itari ya 9 Ukuboza uyu mwaka.
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