UBUFARANSA : MAPPING REPORT ITAFARI RIKOMEYE MU GUHARANIRA UBUTABERA

Yanditswe na Mutimukeye Constance

Ibintu 18 bikubiye mu cyemezo umudepite wo mu Bufaransa yagejeje ku nteko ishinga amategeko, asaba ko Guverinoma yashyira imbaraga mu gusaba ubutabera. “Proposition de résolution” yatanzwe ku i tariki ya 03 Werurwe 2020 ifite akahe gaciro ? Tuyitegeho iki ?

Muri icyi cyumweru mu Bufaransa habayeko kumurika ku nshuro ya mbere film mbarankuru “l’empire du Silence” ivuga kuntambara yo muri RD Congo no kuri Dr Denis Mukwege. Iyo film igamije gusabira Ubutabera inzirakarengane ikanishyira mu majwi abakoze ubwicanyi buvugwa muri Mapping Report. Iyo film imuritswe mu Bufaransa mu gihe Madamu FRÉDÉRIQUE DUMAS nabagenzi be 14, baherutse kugeza imbere y’inteko ishinga amategeko icyo mu Bufaransa bita “une proposition de résolution” isaba guverinoma y’Ubufaransa gushyigikira ko hashyirwaho urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha ku bwicanyi buvugwa muri Mapping Report bwakorewe muri Congo. Reka twibutse abadukurikira ko umwanzuro wiyo raporo uvuga ko “ubwo bwicanyi bugejejwe imbere y’Ubutabera bushobora kwitwa Jenoside”. Ariko ko Abanyarwanda ndetse n’Abanyekongo baburokotse bakigobotora ubukoloni bw’ubwonko, iyo bagendeye ku mahano biboneye ntibashidikanya kwemezako ubwo bwicanyi ari Jenoside batitaye kucyo umutako uzwi nka LONI uzavuga.

Mbere yo kureba ibikubiye muri proposition de résolution ya madamu FRÉDÉRIQUE DUMAS reka tubanze turebe agaciro kayo mu gihugu cy’Ubufaransa yatanzwemo. Nkuko tubikesha ikinyamakuru Le Figaro cyo mu Bufaransa, “resolution – Icyemezo” cyahozeho mu Bufaransa kuri Repubulika ya gatatu niya kane. Ikaba ifite amateka akomeye aho yatezaga akavuyo kuko inteko ishinga amategeko yashoboraga gushyiriraho amananiza Guverinoma gutyo Ubufaransa ntibuyoborwe. Abatowe mu 1958 mu rwego rwo guca ako kavuyo bahisemo kuvanaho ububasha bw’abadepite bwo gutanga icyifuzo cyicyemezo.

Byabaye ngombwa gutegereza ivugurura ry’itegeko nshinga ryo mu 1992 kugira ngo abadepite bongere bahabwe ububasha bwo gutanga “proposition de résolution” bagaragazaho ibitekerezo byabo ku mushinga cyangwa ku bikorwa by’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (UE). Ariko ni ivugurura ry’itegeko nshinga ryo mu 2008 ryali rigamije gusubiza agaciro intumwa za rubanda ryongeye guha imbaraga “icyifuzo cyicyemezo”.

Kugirango Ubufaransa bushobore kuyoborwa hatajemo akavuyo, gutanga icyo cyemezo bigendera ku mategeko agamije kurinda ubutegetsi bwa guverinoma, ni muri urwe rwego : “hashobora kujya ku murongo wibyigwa ibyemezo guverinoma yaba ibona ko biramutse bitowe cyangwa ntibitorwe bitatesha agaciro guverinoma cyangwa bitayibangamira.”

Ikindi kandi icyifuzo cyicyemezo ntabwo gifite imbaraga nkizitegeko. Uwahoze ayobora inteko ishinga amategeko mu Bufaransa, Bernard Accoyer, abisobanura gutya “icyifuzo cy’icyemezo” kigamije gusobanura mu gihe “Itegeko” ryo rigamije gushyirwa mu bikorwa.

Nyuma yo kureba agaciro ka proposition de résolution mu Bufaransa, reka duhite tureba, iyo abadepite 15, harimo FRÉDÉRIQUE DUMAS byaturutseho, bagejeje ku nteko ishinga amategeko yo mu Bufaransa ku i tariki ya 03 Werurwe 2022.

Icyo cyemezo gitangira cyibutsa amasezerano mpuzamahanga ubufaransa bwashyizeho umukono ndetse n’itegeko nshinga ryo mu Bufaransa, nyuma kikibutsa ingamba LONI, umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’uburayi byihaye muri RD Congo, icyo cyemezo gikomeza kibutsa ibi bikurikira :

Hagendewe ku cyemezo cy’inteko ishinga amategeko y’Uburayi (2020/2783) ku kibazo cya Dr. Denis Mukwege muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo (DRC) cyatowe ku ya 16 Nzeri 2020,
Bitewe n’ingamba zafashwe mu cyemezo 2528 cyo ku ya 25 Kamena 2020 y’akanama k’umuryango w’abibumbye gashinzwe umutekano, kongereye kugeza muri Nyakanga 2021 ibihano (gufatira intwaro imitwe yitwaje intwaro muri DRC, guhagarika ingendo byafatiwe abantu bamwe nibindi……).
Tugendeye kuko Dr. Mukwege ahora akorerwa iterabwoba rikomeye, harimo gushaka kumwica, kumwicira umuryango we ndetse n’abaganga bo mu bitaro bya Panzi; mu gihe iryo terabwoba ryiyongereye mu mezi ashize kubera Dr. Mukwege adahwema, kuva mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga 2020, guharanira ko umuco wo kudahana wacibwa, abakoze ibyaha by’ubusambanyi n’ubwicanyi byabereye i Kipupu, Sange no mu ntara ya Ituri bagakurikiranwa;
Tugendeye ko Dr. Mukwege amaze igihe kinini aharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, no kuburyo hakenewe gushyira mu bikorwa ibyifuzo bya raporo y’umuryango w’abibumbye ku burenganzira bwa muntu bigaragaza ihohoterwa ryakorewe mu karere hagati ya 1993 na 2003[Mapping Report];
Tugendeye ko ku ya 12 Werurwe 2017, abantu bitwaje imbunda bishe abashakashatsi babiri b’Umuryango w’Abibumbye – Zaida Catalán, Umunyasuwede, na Michael Sharp, Umunyamerika – mu gihe barimo gukusanya amakuru ku ihohoterwa ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu ryakorewe mu kigo cya Kasai muri DRC;
Tugendeye ko Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo ikomeje guhura n’urugomo, ibitero, ubwicanyi ndetse n’ihonyorwa ndengakamere ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu rikorwa n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro yo mu gihugu ndetse n’igizwe n’abanyamahanga, cyane cyane mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu;
Tugendeye ko ibyo bitero byiyongereye mu mpeshyi ya 2020, cyane cyane ku mupaka uhuza Ituri na Kivu y’Amajyaruguru;
Tugendeye ko muri Nyakanga 2020, muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo, abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu bafuznwe mu buryo bw’akarengane; tugendeye ko hagaragaye impungenge kuri Josué Aruna, perezida w’intara ya Bukavu ya Societe Civile Environnementale et Agro-Rurale du Congo;
Tugendeye ko ku ya 3 Nzeri 2020, abasirikari n’abapolisi 20 ba DRC bakatiwe igifungo kuva ku myaka 5 kugeza kuri 20 bazira ibyaha byo gufata ku ngufu mu burasirazuba bwa RD Congo;
Tugendeye ko mu nama ya 2 y’ibiganiro bya politiki bya RD Congo-UE yo ku ya 5 na 6 Ukwakira 2020, impande zombi zashimangiye akamaro ko gushyiraho uburyo bw’ubutabera bwo kujya imbere (justice transitionnelle) n’inzira z’ubwiyunge hagati y’abaturage;
Tugendeye ko mu nama ya 3 y’ibiganiro bya politiki bya RD Congo-UE yo ku ya 30 Nzeri 2021, impande zombi zerekanye ko nubwo Guverinoma ya Kongo yashyizemo ingufu, bababajwe n’ ihohoterwa n’ibitero byibasiye uburenganzira n’ubwisanzure bikomeje gukorwa muri iki gihugu, nubwo hari intambwe yambere yerekeza ku ngamba z’ubutabera bwo kujya imbere mu gihugu;
Tugendeye ko muri raporo ye yo mu Kuboza 2021, umunyamabanga mukuru ku butumwa bw’umuryango w’abibumbye bushinzwe umutekano muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo yerekanye ko ahangayikishijwe cyane n’umutekano muke ukomeje kuba mu ntara zimwe na zimwe za Kongo nka Ituri, Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Kivu y’Amajyepfo, ariko nanone n’ihonyorwa ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu n’amategeko mpuzamahanga no kuvutswa ubwo burenganzira bikomeje;
Tugendeye ko Umuryango w’abibumbye wiyemeje gukomeza guhugura abo muri RD Congo mu rwego rwo gushakisha igisubizo gihamye kandi kirekire mu rwego rw’umutekano.

Icyemezo, ibikubiye mu cyemezo

Twibutse ko ihohoterwa rikorerwa mu burasirazuba bwa DRC rifitanye isano rikomeye cyane n’ikoreshwa ndetse n’icuruzwa by’umutungo kamere mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko bikozwe n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro n’inyeshyamba z’igihugu;
Tubona nk’intambwe nziza uko ku ya 3 Nzeri 2020, abasirikare bahamwe n’icyaha cyo gufata ku ngufu mu burasirazuba bwa DRC bakatiwe; tubona ko ari ngombwa gukaza umurego mu kurwanya ubudahangarwa bw’imitwe yitwara gisirikare n’ingabo mu gihugu hagamijwe guharanira amahoro n’umutekano ku baturage bireba;
Dushimangira ko ibigo byose, abantu ku giti cyabo, Leta cyangwa abakorera za Leta bigira uruhare mu ikorwa ry’ibyaha bigomba gushyikirizwa ubutabera; dushimangira ko byihutirwa gushyiraho ngamba zinyongera zo kureba imyitwarire myiza yamasosiyete akorera mu turere tuberamo intambara;
Tuributsa ko gukoresha gufata ku ngufu nk’intwaro y’intambara ari ubundi buryo bwo kwangiza abagore abagore by’umwihariko, abagore bakaba inzirakarengane za mbere; turashimira ubutwari bw’abarwanashyakakazi badatezuka nubwo bibashyira mu kaga gutega amatwi no gufasha aba bagore bahohotewe; dushyigikiye icyifuzo cya Perezida Tshisekedi cyo gushyiraho ikigega cy’indishyi ku rwego rw’igihugu ku barokotse ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina;
Turamagana uburyo umuryango mpuzamahanga ntaco ukora mu gushyira mu bikorwa ibyifuzo bya raporo Mapping Report kandi turahamagarira abayobozi ba RD Congo kongera ingufu mu gukumira ko hakongera gukorwa ihohoterwa ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu mu burasirazuba bwa RD Congo no gufata ingamba zo gushyiraho uburyo buzaha abazahohoterwa mu makimbirane azaza uburenganzira bwabo, kugera ku butabera n’indishyi;
Turahamagarira Guverinoma gusaba ku mugaragaro Ibiro bya Komiseri Mukuru w’Umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe uburenganzira bwa muntu gukora iperereza muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo ku bwicanyi bwakozwe kuva mu 1993 kugeza uyu munsi;
Turahamagarira Guverinoma gukoresha ibikoresho mpuzamahanga ifite kugira ngo ishyigikire abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu bafite ikibazo cy’umutekano muri RD Congo, nkingamba yo kubarinda hagamijwe guha agaciro ibikorwa byabo mu rwego rw’uburenganzira bwa muntu n’uruhare bafite mu guharanira umutekano n’amahoro mu karere;
Turahamagarira Guverinoma kugira uruhare rugaragara mu bikorwa mpuzamahanga hagamijwe kugera ku masezerano arengera ibidukikije ndetse n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage nk’uko byaganiriweho mu Muryango w’Abibumbye;
Turahamagarira Guverinoma kugira uruhare mu biganiro, mu mahuriro mpuzamahanga avuga ku kibazo cy’umuco wo kudahana no gushyiraho uburyo bumeze “nk’ubutabera mpuzamahanga cyangwa inkiko zivanze” bwo kuburanisha abakora ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina mu bihe by’intambara ziri mu RD Congo, niba inzira yigihugu idashoboka cyangwa ikomeje kuba ndende no kugorana;
Dushyigikiye rero, ibyifuzo byo gushyiraho ibyumba byihariye by’inkiko zivanze za RD Congo hagamijwe kwemerera ubucamanza bwa RD Congo n’umuryango mpuzamahanga gufatanya no gukurikirana abakoze ihohoterwa ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu; Dushyigikiye icyifuzo Perezida Tshisekedi yagejeje kuri guverinoma ye ku bijyanye no gushyiraho uburyo bw’ubutabera bwo kujya imbere bwacira imanza ibyaha bikomeye; twizeye rwose ko umushinga w’amategeko yombi uzemezwa n’Inama y’Abaminisitiri;
Turahamagarira Guverinoma gukoresha ububasha bwayo bwa compétence universelle mu gihe haba hongeye kugaragara kubutaka bw’Ubufaransa abagize uruhare mu ihohoterwa rikomeye ryakorewe muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo;
Turahamagarira Guverinoma kugumishaho ibihano ku bakora ihohoterwa no guhonyora uburenganzira bwa muntu muri RD Congo kandi Turasaba ko ibyo bihano byagera no ku barebwa n’ibyaha bivugwa muri raporo y’umuryango w’abibumbye Mapping Report;
Turahamagarira ibihugu bigize akanama k’ umuryango w’abibumbye gashinzwe umutekano gusaba ko hashyirwaho urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha rwakwihutisha gukemura ubwicanyi n’ihonyorwa ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu byagaragaye kandi byakozwe mbere y’umwaka wa 2002 cyangwa hagashyirwaho urukiko mpuzamahanga rwihariye ruvanze kandi vuba;
Turahamagarira Guverinoma gukora ubuvugizi mu Muryango w’abibumbye kugirango Urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha rwongere imbaraga mu bikorwa byarwo byo muri RD Congo rwita cyane cyane ku byaha ndengakamere bidashobora gukurikiranwa muri RDC;
Turahamagarira Guverinoma gukora ubuvugizi mu Muryango w’abibumbye kugirango usigasire ibimenyetso byose by’ihohoterwa rikabije ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu n’amategeko mpuzamahanga arengera ikiremwamuntu, isaba akanama gashinzwe umutekano gushyiraho iperereza mpuzamahanga ryakorerwa mu rwego rwa MONUSCO, rishinzwe gukusanya, kubungabunga no kubika ibimenyetso byibyaha byintambara, ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu cyangwa ibyaha bya jenoside byakorewe muri RDC.
Turahamagarira Guverinoma gusaba ku mugaragaro umuryango mpuzamahanga gutanga ubufasha bwose bukenewe kugira ngo hashyirwe mu bikorwa ibyifuzo bitandukanye bya raporo Mapping Report hagamijwe gushyiraho ubutabera bwo kujya imbere muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo.
Turahamagarira Guverinoma gushyigikira ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya raporo Mapping Report mu rwego rwa perezidansi y’Ubufaransa y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi;
Turahamagarira Guverinoma kugeza iki cyemezo ku Muryango w’abibumbye.

Nkuko twabibonye gutanga icyifuzo cy’icyemezo ntabwo bitegeka guverinoma kubishyira mu bikorwa ariko ni intambwe ikomeye itanga ikizere ko Ubutabera buzatapfukiranwa kandi ko abagize uruhare mu byaha bivugwa muri Mapping Report batazashobora kuba mu Bufaransa.

Constance Mutimukeye