Yanditswe na Manzi Uwayo Fabrice
Abahanga bemeza ko ubushomeri no kunanirwa kubaho ari ibintu bibiri bitandukanye. Gusa abenshi bemeza ko ubushomeri ari yo mpamvu ya mbere yo kunanirwa kubaho, mbere na mbere kubera kutabasha kwiyakira, bwa kabiri kubera ko umushomeri ahora ashinja ubushomeri bwe Leta kuko ariyo ishinzwe kumureberera.
Muri iyi si ya none, umuntu abaho akurikije amafaranga afite, uyabuze arahahamuka, hakabaho n’abayabona bagasara, ariko byo ntibikunze kubaho, ahubwo abayabonye barisha ifi inkoko. Nyamara Abanyarwanda benshi babaye ba Mbarubukeye kuko iyo bwije babona butari buke, bwacya bakabona butari bwire.
Ibi nta kindi kibitera uretse gushingira ku ibura ry’akazi biterwa n’uko muri gahunda ya Leta yo gukenesha abaturage, yangije bikomeye ireme ry’uburezi, bituma usohoka mu ishuri ntacyo asohokana, n’ugizengo arihangira akarimo gaciriritse, agakubitana n’imisoro ihanitse agahita ayamanika, yagira ngo agiye gutwara moto agakubitana na mubazi imutwara amafaranga aruta aya akorera, akajya mu madeni akazisanga moto yatejwe cyamunara, yagira ngo agiye mu bucuruzi buciriritse akabwirwako ko iwabo w’abazunguzayi ari kwa Kabuga no mu bindi bigo by’inzererezi. Abandi bagerageje kwiteza imbere Leta ibashingira utubari two mu muhanda (car free zone), za Kisimenti n’ahandi bakazisanga barabaye zezenge, biberaho mu kinya.
Gutekereza ko ireme ry’uburezi ryazamuka hatitawe ku mibereho ya mwarimu ni ukwibeshya. Nyamara muri iyi minsi ishize Leta yivuze imyato ngo yazamuye umushahara wa mwarimu wo mu mashuri abanza 88%, na 40% ku mwarimu wo mu mashuri yisumbuye. Ariko se uretse kubeshya abaturage mwarimu wa primaire uhembwa 50,000 Frw iyo yongerewe 88% ahwanye na 44,000 Frw. Ubwo aba agize 94,000Frw, akatwaho umusoro (Taxe Professionnelle), umusanzu wa FPR, uw’uburezi, uw’umutekano, AGACIRO, EJO HEZA, n’ibindi utarondora, n’ubundi agasigara ari wa wundi, agazashira i Ngurugunzu akiri Ngagi!
Ku ruhande ikibitera ni uko hari itandukaniro rinini cyane mu mishahara y’abakozi ba Leta, aho mbere ya 1990, umwarimu warangije icyiciro cya mbere cya Kaminuza yahembwaga 19,000 Frw, Bourgmestre wa Komini agahembwa 21,000 Frw, bagahurira ku isoko amurusha 2,000 Frw gusa yari ahwanye na $20. None uyu munsi ku ngoma ya FPR, umushahara wa Mayor unganya amashuri n’umwarimu wa Primaire amukubye inshuro 40. None se aba bazahurira ku isoko babahe kimwe? Bazicarana se basangire? Byaba ari inzozi!
Uku kubeshya abarimu rero ko babazamuriye umushahara, Umwarimu SACCO nayo yitwa ngo ibafasha kwiteza imbere igahita izamura inyungu ku nguzanyo, nicyo cyatumye, nk’Abaryankuna biyemeje gukubitira ikinyoma ahakubuye, tubasesengurira iki kibazo kugira ngo tubereke uburyo abagena imishahara y’abarimu mu Rwanda batazajya mu ijuru, ahubwo bazaryumva mu matangazo, kuko bigaragara ko bakorera Satani.
- Inkomoko y’ikibazo
Iyo urebye imibereho y’abatuye isi usanga ubukungu bushingiye ku ifaranga butuma abantu bose babaho babikesha ubumenyi bafite. Ubu bumenyi na none bushingira ku mahirwe angana abenegihugu bahabwa mu nzego zose z’ubuzima, ariko ku butegetsi bwa FPR siko bimeze. Ni isi ya ruswa, ikimenyane n’icyenewabo ku buryo hari bamwe bagenewe ibyiza byose by’igihugu harimo no kwiga mu mashuri meza, abandi bakazahora ari abagaragu b’abandi. Nta buryo na bumwe umuyede (aide-maçon) yakoresha ngo azageraho abe umufundi (maçon). Nyamara FPR yibagirwa ko uko yabigenza kose aba bana b’abategetsi biga muri za Kaminuza zo mu Burayi n’Amerika, amaherezo bazaza mu Rwanda bagakenera abayede bize mu Rwanda himuka n’utatsinze. Ahari niyo mpamvu batangiye guhimbahimba ngo umwarimu yongerewe umushahara, nyamara kumwongerera iburyo, ukayisubiza ibumoso, ntaho bimuvana nta n’aho bimugeza. Uku gufata nabi mwarimu kongeraho igenamigambi ridahari nibyo bizatuma bamwe babaho nk’abami, abandi batindahaye.
Birabaje kubona umwana wo mu Bugarama ujya kwiga avuye gukora mu muceri yataha akawusubiramo ariko yagera ku ishuri rya Nine Years Basic Education yigaho bakamwigisha Physics-Chemistry-Biology (PCB), uw’i Rwamagana hera ibitoki bakamwigisha Literature in French and Kinyarwanda (LFK). Mu by’ukuri aba bana baziga bibahenze ariko nibirangira bisange n’ubundi bakora mu mirima y’umuceri cyangwa bahingira amafaranga ku bafite imirima y’ibigori kandi batarabyize, ababinaniwe feri ya mbere bayifatire i Kigali, ubuzima nibubacanga batangira gutuburira abantu bababwira ko bakoherereje amafaranga kuri téléphone, ngo uyabasubize cyangwa usange bashikuza amatelefoni n’amasakoshi y’abagore, ubuzima bwabo burangirire i Mageragere. Singapour y’Afurika se izazamurwa n’amaboko y’imfungwa zikubitwa buri munsi?
- Intego y’uburezi yarahindutse
Dufashe nk’urugero, intego ya Kaminuza nkuru y’u Rwanda, kuva yashingwa mu 1963 kugeza muri 2003 yari «Illuminatio et Salus Populi», mu rurimi rw’ikilatini, mu gifaransa bikaba «La Lumière et le Salut du Peuple» cyangwa «Urumuri n’Agakiza bya Rubanda». Bivuze ko Kaminuza yasohoraga aba cadres koko bafite ubumenyi n’ubushobozi byatuma batanga umusaruro ufatika ukagirira igihugu akamaro nabo ubwabo bakiteza imbere, kuko babaga ari abahanga bize neza, bagashakira ibisubizo ibibazo bihari.
Ariko nyuma ya 2003, FPR yahinduye intego y’iyi kaminuza, iyigira «Serve the People», bivuze «Kuba Umugaragu w’Abaturage», kuva icyo gihe yatangiye gusohora abantu bafite ubumenyi butajyanye n’isoko, kugeza ubwo usanga n’abana babo biga muri za Kaminuza zo mu bihugu byateye imbere bagera mu gihugu bakabura abayede, kuko mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye FPR yashyizeho “Promotion Automatique”, hakimuka buri wese n’uwagize 10%, bituma umwana witwa “Hakizimana” agera mu wa 6 ubanza atazi kwandika izina rye. Ingaruka zabyo zahise zigaragaza none bibutse ibitereko zasheshe mu 2022.
Guhindaguranya integanyanyigisho bya buri kanya, indimi zigwamo no kubuza uburyo abarezi byatumye tugira imyaka 20 yose gusohora abanyeshuri barangiza ari amadebe, barangiza ngo aba-marines biyongereye. Babura kwiyongera gute se ababyeyi baragurishije utwabo ngo abana bige, bikarangira nabo ubwabo ntacyo bimariye, ahubwo abakobwa birirwa biruka inyuma y’abagabo ngo babatere amada, babone uko babona imfashanyo za World Vision, Care International, Compassion International, n’abandi bagiraneza?
Uyu munsi urasanga umwana asohoka mu mashuri nta kindi azi uretse kwirirwa ku bigo bya Leta nta kindi bahakora uretse gukurikirayo internet y’ubuntu ngo babone uko bajya kuri whatsApp na Facebook? Izi mbuga nkoranyambaga se zo bazibyaza uwuhe musaruro? Ninde mucuruzi uzaha umwana isoko ryo kumwamamariza atazi kwandika no gusoma ururimi na rumwe? Azamuhemba se ayamubeshaho nawe ataka imisoro ihanitse?
Twe rero dusanga iyo umwana yize amashuri abanza imyaka 6 buri mwaka asibira, ayarangiza afite imyaka 18, iwabo batakimuvuga kuko n’akanyafu ka Mwarimu FPR yagakuyeho, umwana akarangiza ari idebe, nta kindi ashoboye uretse kujya mu muhanda. Uhanyanyaje akagera muri Nine Years azarangiza afite 21, niba ari umukobwa azaba abyaye 2, kwiga kwe birangirire aho ajye kujya yiruka ku bagabo ngo bamutere inda, akomeze abyare yibonere SOSOMA n’udufaranga tw’abagiraneza. Ngiyo Singapour y’Afurika twabwiwe!!!
- Kwomorwa kuri Gakondo
Nk’uko twabivuze haruguru ubushomeri ntibuza bwonyine buzana no kunanirwa kubaho. FPR yavanye Abanyarwanda kuri gakondo yabo, ibategeka kubaho nk’abagashize kandi nta kigaragara ibahaye. Umusaza wahingaga urutoki, akagurisha urwagwa, akishyurira abana be amashuri cyangwa akabashakira igishoro, ubu ntiyabishobora kuko urwo rutoki rwabaye amateka. FPR yararuranduye imutegeka guhinga ibigori inganda zayo zizakoramo kawunga, ariko kugira ngo abone 1Kg ya kawunga biramusaba kugurisha ibilo byinshi by’ibigori byumye, umuceri ni uko, imyumbati ni uko.
Urusenda yategetswe guhinga rwabuze isoko, ruribwa n’inyoni. Ibishanga yakuragamo ibijumba n’ibishyimbo, ubu ntiyakubita isuka kuko habaye aha Leta, ishyamba yororeragamo inzuki ntirikiri nyabagendwa, aryegereye bamurasa, amata y’inka yagurishwaga arajyanwa ku makaragiro bakamubwira ko yapfuye cyangwa arimo amazi, agataha amarasa masa. Inka yagurishaga ngo yikenure yategetswe kuzigurisha kuri make ngo agure imwe y’inzugu itanga umukamo, ariko irarwara ikirondwe igapfa, akeneye umuvuzi w’amatungo n’imiti, wakongeraho ibyo ya nka irya, bigahwana n’amata ikamwa cyangwa akongeraho, ku buryo korora inka byabaye umutwaro aho kuzamura ubukungu n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage.
Nta kundi rero umunyarwanda ashobora gutera imbere mu gihe yakuwe kuri gakondo akanamburwa ubutaka!
- Ikinyoma cya FPR gikomeze gukaza umurego
Mu mateka y’u Rwanda, Abatwa bemerewe amabati na Repubulika ya mbere ntibayahabwa, babyinira Repubulika ya Kabiri, bahabwa make, FPR ije uretse no kubaha amabati ibasenyera aho bari batuye muri nyakatsi zabo ibajyana ku mudugudu, ibubakira amazu y’ibyondo abagwaho, abicira abana, none barifuza za nyakatsi zabo zabaga zegereye ibumba, ngo babumbe inkono, bibesheho, none babaye amateka, bitwa abahejejwe n’amateka, nyamara iryo zina baryanga urunuka, bashaka ko bitwa abatwa kuko ari bo.
Aya mateka y’abatwa asa neza neza n’ay’abarimu, abarokotse ubwicanyi bwa mbere ya jenoside, muri jenoside na nyuma yayo, bashyizwe mu kazi na FPR, itangira ibabwira ko izagera aho ikabaha umushahara, igiye kuwubaha, ibaha intica ntikize, kugeza aho umuntu ucukura imisirane yageze aho yigamba ko yahemba abarimu batatu, igisebo kiragenda kirababera, bitwa ba “Gakweto” kubera kwambara inkweto zahengamye cyangwa ziteye ibiremo, urwagwa rw’ibitoki barwita “urwarimu”, kuko nta kindi kinyobwa bakwigondera.
FPR yabahejeje mu kinyoma cyo kubageza ku buzima bwiza barabyemera nyamara bibagirwa ko mbere ya 1994, kwa mwarimu aribo baryaga amavuta y’ubuto, abandi batabona n’amamesa. Umwana wa mwarimu yabaga yubashywe aho anyuze hose kuko yabaga ari n’umuhanga, ariko ku ngoma ya FPR byarahindutse, umwana wa mwarimu niwe uhabwa urw’amenyo, akambara ibicirane, agasohorwa mu ishuri kubera kutishyurira igihe, agapfira mu rugo kuko yabuze amafaranga yo kumugurira imiti n’ibindi bibi byinshi.
Mwarimu wa mbere ya jenoside yabaga yubashywe agasabira umugeni buri musore warongoye, akanafasha Leta gukemura ibibazo by’abaturage, byose bitewe n’uko yari afite uko abayeho kandi nawe bikamutera ishema kuba ari we utanga akazi mu gace, inzu yose nziza igaragaye mu cyaro ikaba ari iya mwarimu, ariko ku ngoma ya FPR, ninde wafashwe na RIB ni Gakweto wagurishije ibitabo by’ishuri ngo agure urwarimu !!!
Ibi byose FPR yakomeje kubyorosa ikinyoma, kuko yari ibizi neza ko ushaka kwica igihugu yica uburezi, ibindi bikiyica nk’uko umukambwe Nelson Mandela yabivuze. Nyuma y’iki kinyoma cya FPR se ibona abana b’abategetsi biga mu mashuri yo mu mahanga bazagaruka bakabona abayede bashoboye mu gihe mwarimu nawe ari ku rutonde rwa ba Mbarubukeye, urya rimwe mu minsi ibiri? Ni gute mwarimu azigisha abana isuku nawe ubwe yabuze ay’isabune? Azamwigisha kurya indyo yuzuye se nawe yaburaye akanabwirirwa?
Ku ngoma ya FPR umwana ukubise umwarimu ni ibisanzwe naho umwarimu uhannye umunyeshuri akoresheje akanyafu byitwa ihohoterwa, agafungwa ndetse akanakatirwa. Nyamara ibi byose biterwa n’urwiganwa rwa mushushwe, rumwe rwamariye abana b’imbeba ku rubariro, kuko FPR iterura ibyo mu Burayi n’Amerika, bidafite aho bihuriye n’umuco wacu, ahubwo mu kinyoma gihambaye ngo turi Singapour y’Afurika!!!
Uyu munsi abarimu barabyina ngo bongerewe umushahara, ibizatangira gukurikizwa mu mpera z’uku kwezi kwa 8, nyamara ntibazi ngo azabageraho ni angahe? Mu rwego rwo gukubitira ikinyoma ahakubuye, turasaba abarimu bose ko bareka kubyina mbere y’umuziki, tukumva amarira bazarira bamaze guhembwa uku kwezi.
- Umuco mubi wo kuvugira ku nzoga utaguze
Kuva FPR yagera ku butegetsi, ntitwigeze tubona Minisitiri w’Uburezi, muri 14 bamaze gusimburana, ujya mu Nteko ishinga amategeko ngo asabe abadepite batora ingengo y’imari, bange kuyitora kuko umushahara wa mwarimu ari muto. Nyamara uyu munsi Minisitiri w’Uburezi, Dr Uwamariya Valentine, uri ku kiriyo atazi uwapfuye, kuko atazi icyemezo cyo guhuma amaso abarimu cyavuye, yararikokereje mu bitangazamakuru byose, abwira abarimu ngo bazamugaye ikindi, nyamara ntibamubonye abavuganira ngo bongezwe.
Ubwo Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr Edouard Ngirente, yajyaga kubwira abadepite ko guverinoma yongereye umushahara wa mwarimu, bose bakomye amashyi, bagaragara nk’ababyishimiye, nyamara nta wigeze wumvikana abasabira kongezwa, ahubwo bo muri Covid-19 bongejwe imishahara, essence izamutse bongezwa lamp sum. Ntibanibaza ko lamp sum y’umutegetsi umwe ukomeye yahemba abarimu benshi cyane.
Aba bose rero nta kindi barimo gukora uretse kuvugira ku nzoga z’abandi, batazi n’uwaziguze!!!
- Mwarimu yabaye Ntawukirasongwa
Mu gihe Minisitiri w’Uburezi, DG wa REB n’uwa NESA, barimo kwivuga imyato ngo barashimira Paul Kagame, DG w’Umwarimu SACCO, kuri uyu wa Gatatu, tariki ya 03 Kanama 2022, yazindukiye kuri Radio Isango Star, maze yirata ko uyu mushinga wa FPR wungutse Miliyari 5.6 mu mwaka wa 2021/2022, ndetse ko Leta yajyaga ishyiramo buri mwaka miliyari 5 none ikaba yarazigize 10. Yigambye ko iki kigo cy’ubucuruzi bwa FPR kigiye kongera inyungu ku nguzanyo ikava kuri 11% ikagera kuri 13.5%, anavuga ko uwagurizwaga 500,000 Frw noneho ashobora kugurizwa ageze kuri 1,000,000 Frw. Izo mpuhwe!
Izi ni impuhwe za Bihehe kuko iki kigo cyashyizweho na FPR ngo kiyifashe gukamura abarimu na twa duke babonaga tubagereho badupfuye. Urugero, iyo urebye imikorere y’Umwarimu SACCO wumva ugiriye impuhwe abarimu. Muri rusange buri mwarimu atanga imisanzu buri kwezi, iki kigo kikayicuruza mu nguzanyo, ariko iyo umwarimu agiye kwaka inguzanyo ntabwo umushahara we n’ubwizagame (savings) bwa buri kwezi bwamubera ingwate, bisaba ko atanga indi mitungo adafite kugira ngo agirirwe icyizere, agurizwe!
Ikibi kurutaho ni uko kugira ngo umwarimu abone inguzanyo aba agomba kwishingirwa n’abandi barimu batatu, kugira ngo nava mu bwarimu aba batatu bazamwishyurire. Birumvikana ko aba batatu nta n’umwe uba wemerewe kubona inguzanyo mu gihe uwo yishingiye atararangiza kwishyura. Barangiza ngo Umwarimu SACCO yaje guteza imbere mwarimu byahe byo kajya!!! Baramusonga barangiza ngo ari ku isonga???
Umunyamakuru wabigize umwuga akaba n’umusesenguzi, Mutesi Scovia, yagize ati: «Umwarimu SACCO ntacyo umariye abarimu, nibatange uburenganzira umwarimu ahemberwe muri banque ashaka, kuko abarimu batagurizwa nk’abakozi, ahubwo bagurizwa nk’abari mu kimina cy’abantu bane, nyamara hari izindi banque nka COOPEDU ziguriza abibumbiye mu bimina kandi ku nyungu nkeya». Agasanga rero kongera umushahara ari ubuhendabana nta kibazo na kimwe bizakemura.
Inama twatanga, nk’Abaryankuna, ni uko abayobozi b’Umwarimu SACCO bajya gukora urugendo shuri muri ZIGAMA CSS, bakareba uko iyi banque ifata abasirikare n’abapolisi, maze umushahara ukaba ingwate.
Igikwiye ari uko umwana yiga amashuri y’ibanze ajyanye n’ubuzima bw’ibanze. Umunyeshuri utuye aho bahinga umuceri akiga kuwuhinga no kuwutunganya, utuye ahera ibitoki yige kubibyaza umusaruro. Dukwiye kandi kuva mu kigare cyo kwigana abanyamahanga badutambutse. Abarimu bize kubaho batize gukora bararambiranye, kubeshywa ko bazamuriwe umushahara bakabyina, bakwiye kubyanga, bagasaba ko ibibanyunyuza bivaho ahubwo bagahabwa andi mahirwe, abana babo bakigira ubuntu, imiryango yabo ikavurirwa ubuntu, kuko akazi bakora utabona igihembo ubagenera.
Abantu benshi babayeho mu buzima bw’abatunguye, bamwe ni impunzi mu gihugu cyazo, abandi barasembera barahoze batuye, bitunze. Birakwiye ko Abanyarwanda basubira kuri gakondo yabo, noneho icyerekezo cy’ubukungu cyahinduka, bagahindukana nacyo, ariko bafatiye ishingiro kuri gakondo yabo.
Ibibazo FPR yateje Abanyarwanda byatumye badatekereza ku buryo yongeza umwarimu 7 igatwara 9, akabyina ngo yazamuriwe umushahara. Dukwiye kuva mu bujiji tukamenya ko nta rugo ruhahira urundi byaba ngombwa tukaba nko muri Sri Lanka, tukisubiza uburenganzira bwacu. Bitari ibyo FPR izakomeza iducunde ay’ikoba, iducure bufuni na buhoro, ikomeze yigwizeho ibyacu, twe turi abacakara bayo. Niyo mpavu rero tuvuga ko abagena imishahara ya mwarimu batazajya mu ijuru, ahubwo bazaryumva mu matangazo.
Dusanga rero politique y’ubukungu ikwiye gusubirwamo, aho kugira ngo abakire bakomeze kurushaho gukira, abakene barushaho gukena, ibyiza by’igihugu bisaranganywe abatuye igihugu bose, bagire amahirwe angana ku mashuri meza no ku kazi, aho guhora mu kinyoma FPR yaragije Abanyarwanda imyaka ibaye myinshi!
Manzi Uwayo Fabrice