Yanditswe na Mutimukeye Constance
Kuri uyu wa Gatatu, tariki ya 10 Kanama 2022, nibwo Umunyamabanga wa Leta ushinzwe Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’Amerika, Antony Blinken yageze i Kigali mu Rwanda akubutse muri Afurika y’Epfo no muri RD Congo. Ni mu rugendo rw’akazi agirira mu bihugu bitandukanye ku isi birimo ibyo muri Aziya no muri Afurika. U Rwanda na Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika bifitanye umubano umaze igihe ariko wajemo agatotsi bitewe n’uko u Rwanda rwakoze mu jisho ry’Amerika igihe rushimuta umuturage wayo, Paul Rusesabagina, kuri ubu ugifungiye i Kigali, hakaba nta n’icyizere ko azarekurwa. Ese U Rwanda rwaba rwishingikirije iki cyatuma rwumva ko gucana umubano na USA ntacyo birubwiye? Amerika se yo izakomeza isuke amafaranga mu gihugu kidakozwa ibyo gufungura urubuga rwa Demokarasi no kubaha uburenganzira bwa muntu?
Mu itangazo yashyize ahagaragara, mbere gato y’uruzinduko rwa Antony Blinken i Kigali, Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga ya Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, yibukije ko ibihugu byombi byatangiye umubano ushingiye kuri za ambassades mu 1962, u Rwanda rukimara kubona ubwigenge. Kuva icyo gihe imfashanyo ya USA igenda yiyongera uko umwaka utashye.
Dufashe urugero nko mu mwaka wa 2021, Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika zateye inkunga u Rwanda ingana na miliyoni 147 z’amadolari y’Amerika. Aya ni amafaranga yashyizwe mu ngengo y’imari y’u Rwanda akoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye. Si aya gusa kandi kuko ibihugu byombi bifatanya mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo ubuzima, ubuhinzi, ubukungu, umutekano n’ibindi.
Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika nicyo gihugu cya mbere gitera u Rwanda inkunga itubutse kurusha ibindi ku isi mu rwego rw’ubuzima. Muri iyi myaka itatu ishize Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika zageneye inkunga u Rwanda mu rwego rw’ubuzima ingana na miliyoni 116 buri mwaka. Iyi nkunga yatumye Abanyarwanda banduye virus itera SIDA, 93% babona imiti igabanya ubukana.
Iri tangazo rikomeza rivuga ko Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika n’u Rwanda bafatanya cyane mu kurwanya Covid-19, ndetse n’ingaruka zayo mu bukungu. Muri uru rwego Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika zahaye u Rwanda imfashanyo igera hafi ku madolari miliyoni 23. Bityo Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerikazagize uruhare runini mu bikorwa byo gukingira abaturarwanda.
Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga y’Amerika ivuga ko kuva mu kwezi kwa 8/2021, Amerika ibinyujije muri Covax, ya gahunda y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye yo guha ibihugu 92 bikennye ku buntu inkingo za Covid-19, yageneye u Rwanda doses zirenga miliyoni 5.5 zirimo doses zirenga ibihumbi 254 zihariye zo gukingira abana. Ibi byatumye u Rwanda rubasha gukingira abaturage barwo bagera kuri 70%, bituma ruza ku isonga mu bihugu byo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara, none rubirenze rukoze mu jisho ry’Amerika.
Mu rwego rw’ubukungu, mu 2021, Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika zaguze mu Rwanda ibihahwa bifite agaciro k’amadolari y’Amerika miliyoni 31.4, bigizwe ahanini n’ikawa, ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’amabuye y’agaciro. Ni mu gihe u Rwanda muri uwo mwaka rwauze muri Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika ibicuruzwa bingana na miliyoni hafi 50 z’amadolari y’Amerika. Bivuze ko ibyo rwohereza muri Amerika bikiri bike cyane.
U Rwanda rwaguzeyo kandi indege imwe, imiti n’ibikoresho byo mu buvuzi, ibikoresho bya science n’iby’ubwubatsi, imashini zitandukanye, n’ibikomoka ku buhinzi.
Uretse n’ibyo, u Rwanda rwohereza ibicuruzwa muri Amerika, mu rwego rwa AGOA, isonera imisoro ya gasutamo ku bikomoka mu bihugu bimwe by’Afurika.
Mu rwego rw’umutekano Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika zitera inkunga ingabo z’u Rwanda mu birebana n’umutekano w’imipaka, umutekano mu by’indege, imyitozo yo kubungabunga amahoro ku isi, n’ubumenyi bw’umwuga. Zifasha kandi urwego rw’umutekano n’inzego z’ubutabera z’u Rwanda mu bikorwa byo kurwanya ruswa, kurwanya ihohotera rishingiye ku gitsinano mu bikorwa byo guteza imbere imiryango ya société civile.
Mu rwego rwo gutsura imiyoborere myiza, mu mwaka wa 2021, Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika zahaye u Rwanda inkunga ingana n’amadolari y’Amerika miliyoni ebyiri, naho mu rwego rw’ubutabazi, kuva mu mwaka ushize kugeza ubu Amerika imaze guha u Rwanda inkunga irenga amadolari miliyoni 74 yo kugoboka impunzi rucumbikiye.
Mu rwego rwo rw’imigenderanire, Abanyamerika bagera ku 2,000 basuye u Rwanda mu 2021. Ni mu gihe abagera ku 2,500 bari bahatuye. Amerika yo yahaye visas Abanyarwanda bagera kuri 387 bari bagiye guturayo n’abandi 855 bagenzwaga no gusura inshuti n’abavandimwe, ndetse n’abanyeshuri 449. Amerika yizeye ko umubare wa visas iha Abanyarwanda uzagenda wiyongera uko icyorezo cya Covid-19 kigenza make.
Kuri gahunda y’uruzinduko rwa Minisitiri Antony Blinken i Kigali habaye ibiganiro na Perezida Paul Kagame, Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga, Dr Vincent Biruta, ndetse n’imwe mu miryango idaharanira inyungu. Antony Blinken yabitangaje k’urubuga rwe rwa Twitter muri aya magambo : “Met with
@UrugwiroVillage and @Vbirutaabout the U.S.-Rwanda relationship and how to reduce tensions and ongoing violence in the region. We also discussed U.S. concerns about democracy and human rights in Rwanda, including the wrongful detention of Paul Rusesabagina – Inama na @UrugwiroVillage
na @Vbiruta, kubyerekeye umubano w’Amerika n’u Rwanda n’uburyo bwo kugabanya amakimbirane n’ihohoterwa rikomeje kuba mu karere. Twaganiriye kandi ku mpungenge z’Amerika zerekeye demokarasi n’uburenganzira bwa muntu mu Rwanda, harimo n’ifungwa m’uburyo bw’akarengane rya Paul Rusesabagina”. Iyi tweet ya Antony Blinken yavugishije benshi kuko atigeze avuma mu mazina umwicanyi, umujenosideri Paul Kagame ahubwo akavuga Biruta na Paul Rusesabagina.
Ikindi cyaranze urwo rugendo, ni amagambo Antony Blinken yandikiye m’urwibutso, aho yagize ati : “I am prodly moved by this memorial and inspired by the resilence of the survivors and the remarkable progress of this country. My family experienced the horrors of the Holocaust, and I appreciate the importance of memorializing such tragic events.
The United States strongly supports Rwanda’s continued efforts towards renewal and national reconciliation – Nakozwe ku mutima cyane n’uru rwibutso kandi nshimishijwe n’ukwihangana kw’abacitse ku icumu n’iterambere ridasanzwe ry’iki gihugu. Umuryango wanjye wahuye n’amahano ya “Holocaust” ( Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi), kandi ndashimira akamaro ko Kwibuka ibintu nkibi bibabaje. Amerika ishyigikiye byimazeyo u Rwanda rukomeje gushyira ingufu mu Ubumwe n’Ubwiyunge bw’Igihugu”. Aha nano abasomyi bibajije impamvu yavuze kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi ntavuge mu mazina inyito FPR yashyizeho mu nyungu zayo ariyo “Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi”.
Yunze mu rya Emmanuel Macyon ashyira imbere abarokotse amahano yagwiriye u Rwanda kuko aribo bagomba kujya ku isonga iyo bigeze mu Kwibuka, bitandukanye nibyo FPR ikora aho usanga abatari mu Rwanda aribo bahawe ijambo kuri Jenoside yakorewe mu Rwanda, bamwe mu barokotse, nka Kizito Mihigo, Niyomugabo Gerard, bakazira ukutagendera m’umurongo wa FPR no guharanira ubumwe n’ubwiyunge bwa nyabwo mu Rwanda.
Uru rwari uruzinduko agiriye mu Rwanda nyuma yo gusura ibihugu by’Afurika y’Epfo na RD Congo.
Abanyabwenge bakorera muri Amerika, Canada, Afurika no mu Rwanda bandikiye Antony Blinken ibaruwa imusaba kwita ku kibazo cy’umutekano mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari by’Afurika. Umwe mu banditse iyi baruwa Prof. Josias Semujanga, wigisha muri Kaminuza ya Montréal muri Canada, yabwiye Ijwi ry’Amerika ko icyabateye kwandika iriya ibaruwa ari ukugira ngo bafashe Antony Blinken kumva neza uko ikibazo giteye.
Mu magambo ye, Prof. Semujanga yagize ati: « Ni ikibazo giteye impungege kumva ko hari abaturage bo mu gihugu cya Congo bicwa bazira ko ari Abatutsi. Kikaba ari ikibazo gikomoka ku bibazo iki gihugu cyagize kikitwa Zaïre mu ntangiriro za 1990 kugeza ubu». Yongeyeho ko atari ikibazo gishya kuko ibikorerwa abavuga ikinyarwanda bari muri Congo uyu munsi byigeze no gukorerwa abanyakasayi bari muri Katanga mu myaka 29 ishize. Ni ikibazo cyavuzwe cyane ariko nticyaha RD Congo amasomo y’uko igomba gufata abenegihugu bayo, none muri iyi minsi ihanganye na M23 ifashwa n’u Rwanda.
Kuri aba bahanga batandukanye bigisha muri za Kaminuza zitandukanye ku isi basanga icyo bakwitega ku rugendo rwa Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’Amerika, Antony Blinken ari ukumvisha u Rwanda kureka gukomeza kwivanga mu bibazo bya RD Congo, kandi rukarekura byihuse impirimbanyi za demokarasi. Ese u Rwanda rwiteguye kubahiriza ibyifuzo by’Amerika cyangwa rurakomeza kuvunira ibiti mu matwi ku kibazo cyo kurekura Paul Rusesabagina ? Iki ni ikibazo gikomeye duteze amaso ngo turebe ko agatsiko k’abicanyi kemera kuva ku izima ?
Constance Mutimukeye