Yanditswe na Manzi Uwayo Fabrice
Imibare yatangajwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda- NISR), uri uyu wa Gatanu, tariki ya 10 Werurwe 2023, mu cyiswe Igipimo cy’Ihindagurika ry’Ibiciro (Consumer Price Index-CPI), igaragaza ko ibiciro by’ibiribwa n’ibinyobwa bidasembuye byazamutse ku kigero cya 67.7% mu cyaro; mu gihe mu mijyi byiyongereye kuri 42.4% muri Gashyantare 2023 ugeraranyije n’ukwezi kwa Gashyantare 2022. Ibi rero bikaba byarateye ubwoba Abanyarwanda kuko bigaragara nk’aho nta kibuze, yaba ikirere cyiza, ariko ingufu zikaba zishorwa aho zidakenewe, nko kwivanga mu ntambara ya Congo, aho u Rwanda rutera inkunga M23, amahanga akarwiyama bikaba iby’ubusa, none ingaruka zikomeje kwirunda umusubizo ku baturage, nyamara agatsiko kari ku butegetsi i Kigali karavuniye ibiti mu matwi.
Iyi mibare kandi igaragaza kandi ko atari ibiciro by’ibiribwa bidasembuye byazamutse gusa kuko muri rusange mu mijyi ibiciro ku masoko byisyongereyeho 20.8%, ibiciro by’ibinyobwa bisembuye n’itabi byiyongereyeho 23.2% mu mujyi wa Kigali na 20.6% mu cyaro. Ibiciro by’inzu, amazi, amashanyarazi, gaz n’ibindi bicanwa byiyongeraho 7.1%. Iki kigo kandi cyatangaje ko muri aya mezi abiri ya mbere y’umwaka wa 2023 ibiciro bikomeje gutumbagira aho muri Mutarama 2023 ibiciro byari byazamutseho 37.1%, muri Gashyantare 2023 bizamukaho 38.8%. Ibiciro by’ingufu na byo byarazamutse cyane kuko ugereranyije Gashyantare 2022 na Gashyantare 2023 byazamutseho 14.4% mu gihe iby’ubwikorezi byazamutseho 12.1%.
Ni izamuka ritabayeho mbere mu mateka y’izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibiribwa ndetse n’ibindi bikenerwa mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abantu, bikaba byaratumye abatari bike yibaza aho agatsiko kari ku butegetsi i Kigali, ariko ugasanga ntibabona aho ari ho kuko nta gisobanuro na kimwe kaha abaturage kuri tumbagira ry’ibiciro.
Mu nama y’Igihugu y’Umushyikirano iherutse kuba, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yagarutse ku bibazo byabayeho byatumye ibiciro ku masoko bikomeza kuzamuka, ivuga ko ibura ry’imvura yatumye umusaruro w’ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi ugabanuka ndetse no kuba igiciro cy’ubuhinzi n’icy’inyongeramusaruro cyarazamutse.
Ibi nabyo ntibyakiriwe kimwe kuko kuvuga ngo imvura yabaye nke ntabwo ari byo kuko hari ibihugu bitagira imvura nk’igwa mu Rwanda, ariko bikeza ibiribwa byinshi, bikihaza ndetse bigasagurira amasoko nka Israheli n’ibindi, mu gihe mu Rwanda hari imvura ihagije, ndetse no mu gihe yabuze haba hakwiye gutekerezwa ikindi cyakorwa nko kuhira imyaka, dore ko ababyize bahari ariko badahabwa agaciro ngo berekane ibyo bize.
Ibi birababaza iyo abahanga bahuza izamuka ry’ibiciro mu Rwanda n’izamuka ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli gusa, nyamara bakirengagiza ko iri zamuka riba ryabaye ku isi yose, ibindi bihugu bigafata ingamba zo guhangana na ryo mu buryo bwo kongera umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu, ariko bikaba nta gikorwa kigaragara.
Iyo agatsiko ka FPR gatinyutse kuvuga ko itumbagira ry’ibiciro rifitanye isano n’ingaruka z’intambara y’u Burusiya na Ukraine, ibihugu byaturukagamo ibiribwa byinshi cyane nk’ibinyampeke birimo ingano, ndetse n’ingaruka zifitanye isano n’izahuka ry’ubukungu nyuma y’icyorezo cya COVID-19. Ese dodo zihingwa mu giturage zihuriye he n’izi ngaruka ? Ese igihugu cy’u Rwanda kiri mu bifite ikirere cyiza ku isi kibura gite mu gushora mu buhinzi n’ubworozi kugira ngo umusaruro uzamuke, ibiciro bireke gukomeza gutumbagira ?
Ikibabaje kurushaho kandi ni uko nta cyizere na kimwe gitangwa cyerekana ko hari igihe kizagera ibi biciro bigatangira kumanuka, nyamara nta ngamba zifatwa n’agatsiko kari ku butegetsi. Icyo aka gatsiko kakoze kakita ingamba ni ukuvana amafaranga mu baturage aho Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda (BNR) muri Gashyantare yazamuye igipimo cy’inyungu fatizo itangiraho amafaranga yayo kuri banki z’ubucuruzi, kiva kuri 6.5% kigera kuri 7% ivuga ko ari mu rwego rwo gukumira izamuka rikabije ry’ibiciro ku isoko no gukomeza gushyigikira izahuka ry’ubukungu, nk’uko byatangajwe na Guverineri wa BNR, John Rwangombwa. Ibi ntaho bihuriye kuko kubuza abaturage kugera ku ifaranga ntacyo bifasha mu kuzamura ubukungu ahubwo burazahara cyane.
Abahanga mu by’ubukungu bagaragaza ko guhenda amafaranga BNR iguriza banki z’ubucuruzi bituma izi banki nazo zihenda abaturage, bakazinukwa gusaba inguzanyo no gushora mu mishinga yongera umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu. Uburyo bwonyine bwo guhangana n’itumbagira ry’ibiciro ni ukongera umusaruro cyane, kuko iyo umusaruro ari mwinshi ku isoko, abaguzi ari bake, ibiciro biribwiriza bikagabanuka.
Aha rero niho hakwiye gushyirwa ingufu n’agatsiko kari ku butegetsi, aho guhora kavuga ko mu mpera za 2023 aribwo hashobora kuzagaragara impinduka mu igabanuka ry’ibiciro ku buryo bishobora kuzajya hasi ya 8%. Hakwiye gufatwa ingamba zihuse zo kugabanya umuvuduko w’itumbangira ry’ibiciro, hakongerwa umusaruro kugira ngo ibiciro bigabanuke hashingiwe kuri « Loi de la Demande et de l’Offre » cyangwa
« The Law of Demand and Supply », mu ndimi z’amahanga, nta kabuza ibiciro bizibwiriza bimanuke.
Mu kwanzura twavuga ko ibi bikigoye cyane kuko mu by’ukuri agatsiko kari ku butegetsi mu Rwanda kadashaka na rimwe gushora mu mishinga yungura abaturage ngo nabo bakore ku ifaranga, ahubwo icyo kimirije imbere ni ukuzana imishinga ya baringa igamije gukenesha abaturage ngo bazahore bagapfukamiye.
Birababaje kumva umuturage asabwa amafaranga y’umurengera abwirwa ko agiye guhinga Chia Seeds akazazigurirwa n’abambari ba FPR, ariko bwacya akumva ngo ibikomerezwa by’abaminisitiri, abadepite, abajenerali n’abandi bashoyemo ayabo kugira ngo umuturage ahiremo. Abandi ukumva ngo batswe amafaranga yo gushora mu bworozi bw’inzuki nyamara ntiherekanwe imizinga yazo, byose bikaba ibikenesha umuturage, Leta ikamushyira ku musonga imubeshya ko ari ku isonga.
Nta kundi rero uru ruhuri rw’ibibazo byashira atari uguhagurukira Impinduramatwara Gacanzigo maze Abanyarwanda bose tugasasa inzobe, tukicara mu gacaca, tugacoca amagambo, maze uwagomye akagororwa, yagororoka agafatanya n’abandi kubaka u Rwanda ruzira imiryane n’amacakubiri, ruzira ikimenyane na munyangire, ruzira akarengane no guhonyorwa k’uburenganzira bwa muntu, ruzira gukeneshwa n’ibisa nabyo, ruzira itumbagira ry’ibiciro n’imibereho mibi twazaniwe na FPR-Inkotanyi.
Manzi Uwayo Fabrice