ICYOBA CYATASHYE MU RWANDA: RDC IKOMEJE GUTSINDA IBITEGO BYA DIPLOMATIE

Yanditswe na Ahirwe Karoli

Nyuma y’uko intambara M23/RDF yagabye ku ngabo za RDC (FARDC) ikomeje guca ibintu mu Burasirazuba bw’iki gihugu, ibyemezo bikomeje gufatwa mu bihugu bitandukanye, bikomeje kwerekana ko RDC ikomeje gutsinda ibitego bya diplomatie, bikaba byateje icyoba uruhande bahanganye rufite u Rwanda ku isonga.

Kimwe muri ibi byemezo byakanze ubutegetsi bwa Kigali n’Abanyarwanda muri rusange ni uko Angola yiyongereye ku bihugu byemeye kohereza Ingabo muri RDC, zigamije guhashya umutwe wa M23 ufashwa n’u Rwanda. Abasesenguzi batandukanye bahise bemeza ko noneho intambara igiye gusubira ibubisi. Mu mpera z’icyumweru gishize, Guverinoma ya Angola isanzwe ari umuhuza mu bibazo biri muri RDC, na yo yatangaje ko igiye kohereza ingabo muri iki gihugu, mu rwego rwo gutanga ubufasha mu guhashya umutwe wa M23. Ibiro by’Umukuru w’Igihugu muri Angola, bivuga ko igitumye iki gihugu cyohereza izi ngabo, ari ukujya kugarura umutekano mu duce umutwe wa M23 wafashe. Ibi byose Angola irabikora mu gihe yari isanzwe ari n’umuhuza wahawe umukoro wo gufasha izi mpande zombi gushaka umuti w’ibibazo bihari. Umuhanga mu bya Politiki akaba anayigisha muri Kaminuza, Dr. Ismael Buchanan avuga ko iki cyemezo cya Angola kitari gikwiye kuko iki Gihugu cyari gisanganywe inshingano zo kunga kandi zidakwiye kubangikanywa n’izi kinjiyemo. Ati: «Dukwiye kwibaza ngo ‘uruhare rwa Angola mu kujya guhangana na M23 ruje rute?’ Hari abashobora kuba bibwira ko kuba ingabo za Angola zigiye guhangana na M23 ko ari ko gukiza ikibazo kubera ko muzi neza ko Perezida Tshisekedi icyo arimo gukora muri politiki ye ari ugushaka uwamufasha, akamujya inyuma mu guhangana na M23.»

Mu mvugo ye, Dr. Ismael Buchanan, usanzwe ahengamiye ku ruhande rwa Kagame, yumvikanisha icyoba cyamaze gutaha ku butegetsi bw’agatsiko kari ku butegetsi i Kigali. Nk’umuhanga mu bya Politiki, akaba ahamya neza ko uko RDC yigarurira ibindi bihugu, birushaho kugaragaza gutsindwa kw’u Rwanda muri diplomatie. Aha rero niho hatera ikikango Perezida Kagame kuko muri iyi ntambara yateje nta wumwumva. Mu kwerekana ko ubutegetsi bwa Kagame bufite ubwoba, mu mboni za Dr. Buchanan, asanga kuba Angola yarabaye umuhuza mu bibazo bya Congo, idakwiye guhindukira ngo irwane ku ruhande ku ruhande rwa FARDC. Gusa yibagirwa ko mu nshingano za SADC iya mbere ari ugutabarana igihe hari igihugu cyatewe. Dr. Buchanan yagize ati: «Kuko iyo bigeze aho twakwibaza impamvu Uganda itabikora, u Burundi butabikora, Kenya itabikora. Kuba bitararasa kuri M23 ni uko bizi neza ko ikibazo bikibona ahubwo hakiri uruhare rwa diplomatie n’ibiganiro kuruta uko washyira imbere intambara.»

Yongeyeho ati: «Mu gihe ingabo za Angola zahindukira zikarasa umutwe wa M23, iki gihugu cyari umuhuza cyaba gitandukiriye kigatangira guhengamira ku ruhande rumwe mu zo cyashinzwe guhuza.» Ibi rero kubivuga nta kindi kibimutera uretse ubwoba bwa shebuja Kagame ashaka kugaragaza.

Mu gihe ntacyo agatsiko kari ku butegetsi i Kigali kataragira icyo gatangaza kuri iki cyemezo cya Angola, ikindi cyemezo cyateye icyoba ni uko noneho u Bushinwa bwamaze kwerura ko bwiteguye kwinjira mu kibazo cya Congo. Iki cyemezo kikaba na none kerekana ko Perezida Tshisekedi akataje muri diplomatie, akaba akomeje kwinjiza ibitego, mu gihe mugenzi we Paul Kagame arangariye ku ifaranga azakura mu nama ya 73 ya FIFA, iteraniye i Kigali, akaba kuri uyu wa Gatatu, tariki ya 15/03/2023, yaragagaye akina umupira.

Kuba arimo kwirebera ahazava ifaranga, ntiyite ku kibazo yateje muri RDC, ni nka wa mugabo umugore yabwiye ko inzu yabo ihiye, aramusubiza ati: «Wa mugore we, sasa twiryamire!» Perezida Tshisekedi we ntiyicaye akomeje gucunga izamu rye, ari nako akomeza gutsinda ibitego, yigarurira ibihugu byinshi ku isi.

 U Bushinwa bwatangaje ko bwiteguye gufasha mu bijyanye n’ubuhuza mu kibazo cy’umwuka mubi uri hagati y’u Rwanda na RDC mu gihe haba hari uruhande rugaragaje ko rukeneye ubufasha bw’iki gihugu kugira ngo ibibazo birangire. Ibi kandi bije mu gihe hari hamaze iminsi ibiganiro hagati ya RDC n’u Bushinwa bigamije kugura indege zizafasha FARDC guhangana n’ibitero bya M23/RDF mu Burasirazuba bw’iki gihugu.

Mu kiganiro yagiranye n’itangazamakuru kuri uyu wa Gatatu, tariki ya 15/03/2023, Umuyobozi ushinzwe Aziya y’Uburengerazuba n’Afurika y’Amajyaruguru muri Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga y’u Bushinwa, Wang Di, yavuze ko igihugu cye cyiteguye gufasha mu bijyanye no gukemura amakimbirane ari mu bihugu bitandukanye arimo n’ari hagati y’u Rwanda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.

Wang Di yagarutse kuri iyi ngingo nyuma yo kubazwa gahunda igihugu cye gifite mu bijyanye n’ubuhuza ahari amakimbirane by’umwihariko ku mugabane w’Afurika. Yavuze ko mu gihe hagira usaba ubufasha hagati y’u Rwanda na RDC, igihugu cye cyiteguye gukora byose kugira ngo ibihugu byombi byongere kubana neza. Ati: «U Bushinwa bwiteguye guhora ari umuhuza mwiza kandi ushobora kwiringirwa. Ku kibazo cyose cyaba kiri ku Isi. Aho u Bushinwa buhagaze ni uko dushyigikira ibiganiro n’ubujyanama. Ku kibazo cyose cyaba gihari twiteguye gutanga umusanzu wacu mu gihe ibihugu bifitanye amakimbirane byabisaba, u Bushinwa bwiteguye gutanga umusanzu mu gukemura ibyo bibazo.»

Wang Di yavuze ko u Bushinwa budashobora kwinjira mu bibazo u Rwanda na Congo bifitanye igihe nta bufasha bwasabwe, agaragaza ko uburyo bwiza bwo gukemura amakimbirane ari hagati y’ibihugu atari ukohereza ingabo kuko bituma winjira mu kibazo, ashimangira inzira y’ibiganiro.

U Rwanda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo bimaze igihe bifitanye amakimbirane ashingiye ku kuba iki gihugu gishinja u Rwanda gushyigikira umutwe wa M23 wubuye imirwano mu Burasirazuba. Ni ibirego u Rwanda ruhakana ahubwo rukagaragaza ko Congo ikorana bya hafi n’umutwe wa FDLR, ruvuga ko ubangamiye umutekano warwo. Gusa ibihugu by’amahanga, birimo Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika n’u Bufaransa, byateye utwatsi u Rwanda, bikomeza kwemeza ko nta shiti ingabo z’u Rwanda ziri muri RDC.

Mu gufasha gukemura iki kibazo cy’umwuka mubi hatangiye ibiganiro by’ubuhuza biri kugirwamo uruhare n’ibihugu bitandukanye birimo Angola, u Bufaransa na Qatar, ariko ntacyo bigeraho kuko imyanzuro yose ifashwe M23 itayishyira mu bikorwa kuko iba ikizeye ubufasha bwa RDF, umunsi bwavuyeho izibwiriza yivane mu mirwano cyangwa irasweho urufaya, itatane, nk’uko byayigendekeye mu myaka 10 ishize.

Guverinoma y’u Bushinwa yatangaje ibi mu gihe iki gihugu kimaze iminsi gishimirwa kubera uruhare cyagize mu kumvikanisha Iran na Arabie Saoudite, ibihugu byari bimaze imyaka irenga umunani bidacana uwaka, ariko ubu bikaba byarongeye kubana neza kubera imbaraga u Bushinwa bwashyize mu buhuza.

Ikindi gitego Perezida Tshisekedi yatsinze Kagame ni umubano mwiza n’ibihugu by’ibituranyi. Ibi byagaragajwe n’abakuru b’ibihugu bigize CEEAC byemeye guheza u Rwanda, ndetse byongeraho itangazo ko biri inyuma ya RDC mu ntambara yagabweho na M23 ifashijwe n’u Rwanda.

Ku ruhande rwa Gabon, Ambasaderi wayo muri ONU, Michel Xavier Biang, nawe yabwiye abanyamakuru ko dilpomatie ikwiye guhabwa iya mbere mu gukemura ikibazo cya RDC. Ibi ariko akabivuga mu gihe inzobere za ONU, ibihugu nka Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika n’u Bufaransa, batahwemye guhamya ko u Rwanda rurwana ku ruhande rwa M23, bityo rukaba rusabwa gucyura ingabo zarwo inzira zikigendwa.

Perezida w’u Bufaransa, Emmanuel Macron, aherutse kugenera RDC miliyoni 34 z’amayero azayifasha mu bushyamirane bwibasiye uburasirazuba bwayo. Yanavuze ko uruhande urwo ari rwo rwose rwashaka kuyobya ibikorwa bigamije amahoro, rugomba gufatirwa ibihano.

 Ubwo yari mu ruzinduko muri RDC, Perezida Macron yagaragarijwe ko impano u Bufaransa bugenera u Rwanda yateje urwango ku gihugu cye, ashaka kubigorora. Niyo mpamvu u Bufaransa bwifatinyije na ONU, RDC n’ibindi bihugu, mu kurega u Rwanda gushyigikira umutwe wa M23. Mu nama yagiranye n’abanyamakuru i Kinshasa, Perezida Macron yasabwe kwamagana u Rwanda yivuye inyuma, maze agira ati: «Narabigaragaje nta kubica ku ruhande, ibyo kwamagana umutwe wa M23 n’abawushyigikiye.». Ibiro ntaramakuru by’Abongereza, Reuters, byatangaje ko Perezida Macron yanze kwerura ngo avuge uruhande atunga agatoki, ariko yavuze ko amasezerano yemejwe n’ibihugu byo mu karere muri Angola mu kwezi kwa 11, kugeza ubu akaba atarubahirijwe, kugira ngo imirwano ihagarare. Afite icyizere muri uwo mugambi. Mu magambo ye ati: «Nibatayubahiriza, icyo gihe, yego, hashobora kubaho ibihano».

Hagati aho, ibiro by’umutwe w’ingabo zo mu Muryango w’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba ukorera mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, EACRF, byatangaje ko iki cyiciro cy’abasirikare b’u Burundi cyageze i Goma kuri uyu wa 15 n’uwa 16 Werurwe 2023, bikaba biteganyijwe ko bahita basanga bagenzi babo bamaze kugera muri Sake, bakazakomereza mu bindi bice byo muri Masisi birimo Kilolirwe na Kitchanga.

Inshingano ingabo z’u Burundi zifite muri ibi bice, nk’uko EACRF ibyemeza, ni ukurinda umutekano w’abantu n’ibyabo, mu duce M23 yari yarafashe. Ku wa 14 Werurwe, abasirikare b’u Burundi bari bamaze iminsi muri RDC boherejwe mu bice bitandukanye bya Masisi nyuma y’aho abarwanyi ba M23 baharekuye, berekeza mu gice cy’Uburasirazuba. Ibi rero nabyo bikaba bikomeje gutera icyoba u Rwanda kuko umutwe wa M23 rufasha ugenda uva mu bice wafashe, kandi kubisubiramo bikaba bidashoboka.

Mu gihe RDC ikomeje gutsinda ibitego bya diplomatie, icyoba gikomeje gutaha i Kigali, aho Perezida Kagame yahungiye mu mafaranga akura mu nama ya 73 ya FIFA iteraniye i Kigali no mu gushimagizwa akomeje kurundwaho na Perezida wayo, Gianni Infantino, wahishuye ko u Rwanda ruri mu bamuhaye ubufasha bukomeye mu gutuma yongera gutorerwa kuyobora iriya nzu iyobora umupira w’Isi.

Gianni Infantino yabigarutseho kuri uyu wa Kane, tariki ya 16 Werurwe, ubwo yari mu muhango wo gutangiza Inteko Rusange ya 73 ya FIFA irimo kubera muri BK Arena i Remera mu Mujyi wa Kigali, aho yatorewe kuyobora FIFA muri manda ye ya kabiri. Iyi nteko rusange yitabiriwe n’abantu babarirwa mu 2,000 bo mu bihugu 208 kuri 211 bisanzwe ari ibinyamuryango bya FIFA, Kagame akaba yaramaze kubara ayo azakuramo, dore ko FIFA yiyemeje gukubira kabiri ibihugu amafaranga byagenerwaga.

Ababikurikiranira hafi bavuga ko Minisiteri ya Siporo mu Rwanda igenerwa ingengo y’Imari ingana na miliyari 11 FRW, none FIFA igiye kujya igenera u Rwanda asaga gato miliyari 4 FRW, Kagame akaba atayavirira, ari nayo mpamvu yafashe ubwoba bwose atewe n’ibitego bya diplomatie RDC irimo gutsinda, maze aba ahungiye by’akanya gato mu mupira w’amaguru, dore ko abayitabiriye bazasiga akayabo mu mahoteli ya FPR.

Nta kindi kizamara iki cyoba cyatashye u Rwanda, uretse kuba Abanyarwanda bose bahagurukira Impinduramatwara Gacanziko, kuko niyo yonyine umunyarwanda abaho atuje kandi yishimye, u Rwanda rugatekana rukareka guhora ruhanganye n’amahanga, ikirenze ibyo u Rwanda rukaba igihugu kizira intambara umunyarwanda arwana n’undi, igihugu tuzaraga abana bacu tukagenda twishimye.

Ahirwe Karoli.

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