Yateguwe nu Ubwanditsi
Iyi ninkuru twabasomeye mu kinyamakuru TheChronicles, tukayishyira mu Kinyarwanda.
Ubushakashatsi bushya bwerekanye ko nubwo Amafaranga akoreshwa muri gahunda z’imirire ku bana na ba nyina yikubye inshuro zirenga esheshatu mu myaka itanu ishize, abana barenga ibihumbi ntibazabaho ayo mafaranga atongerewe. K’Urundi ruhande abana mu Rwanda aho kujya ku ishuri bafashe inzira yo gukora nkuko IMF yabitangaje.
Banki y’isi yakoresheje ubushakashatsi bwo gusuzuma ibikorwa by’u Rwanda bigamije guhangana n’imikurire mibi y’abana, aho u Rwanda ruri kure inyuma y’ibihugu byo mu karere. Kuri ubu imibare yerekana ko 38% by’abana batujuje imyaka 5 bagwingiye kubera impamvu nyinshi.
Uku kugwingira kw’abana bo mu Rwanda guhangayikishije benshi, k’uburyo ari yo ngingo ya mbere yiganza mu biganiro by’abayobozi kuva mu mwaka wa 2016. Perezida Paul Kagame we ubwe inshuro nyinshi yamaganye abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze kubera Bwaki igaragara mu midugudu myinshi hirya no hino mu Rwanda.
Aha nk’Abaryankuna twe turongeraho ko iyo Kagame yamaganye abayobozi b’Inzego z’ibanze aba ari kujijisha kuko niwe ubakuriye.
Nkuko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu mwaka wa 2012 busabwe n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika bwabyerekanye, hafi ya 50% by’Abanyarwanda bafite imyaka y’amavuko yo gukora, ari ukuvuga hagati y’imyaka 15 na 64, bagwingiriye ari abana. Gutyo imirire mibi ifite ingaruka hafi kuri kimwe cya kabiri cy’Abanyarwanda.
Ubushakashatsi bwa Banki y’Isi buvuga ko Ibintu bikomeye kuburyo Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho ikigo cyihariye gishinzwe guhangana n’imirire mibi y’abana ndetse n’iyi miryango yabo. Icyo kigo kikaba ari NECDP ishinzwe gahunda mbonezamikurire y’abana bato iyobowe na Dr Asiimwe wahoze ari Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Ministeri y’ubuzima.
Ubwo bushakashatsi bwashyizwe hanze mu ntangiriro z’uku kwezi k’ugushyingo 2020, bwasuzumye niba amikoro n’ibikorwa Leta yateganyije bihagije kugira ngo intego guverinoma yihaye yo kugabanya ubugwingire bw’abana igerweho. Iyo ntego ikaba ari ukugabanya k’urugero ruri munsi ya 19% umubare w’abana bafite imikurire mibi muri 2024, umwaka manda ya gatatu ya Kagame y’imyaka irindwi izaba irangiye.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye kandi ko mu ngengo y’imari ya 2018, miliyali 67.4 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda zagenewe gahunda zigamije kuzamura imirire y’abana. Ibyo bikorwa bikaba gutangira ubuntu ibiryo bivanze, kugura imiti y’inzoka, gutangira ubuntu inzitiramibu, gutangira ubuntu amata no gushyiraho ibigo byita ku mirire.
ku rwego rw’umwana ku giti cye, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko u Rwanda rukoresha amafaranga y’u Rwanda 5 640 buri mwaka mu bintu byingenzi bigamije gukumira ubugwingire bw’umwana. Kuri banki y’Isi « ayo mafaranga ari munsi cyane y’amadolari y’Amerika icumi asabwa ku mwana uri munsi y’imyaka itanu kugirango akure afite imirire yuzuye ».
Mu yandi magambo abashakashatsi bemeje ko kugira ngo Perezida Kagame n’itsinda rye bagere ku ntego zabo zo kugabanya imibare y’abana bafite ubugwingire munsi ya 19%, bagombye kongera mu ngengo y’imari amafaranga abigenewe k’urugero rwa 72.4%.
Kuri ubu, 83% by’inkunga itangwa buri mwaka muri gahunda z’imirire ituruka m’ubukungu bwa Leta y’u Rwanda bwite, abashakashatsi bakabona ari ikintu cyiza cyane kuko cyerekana ubushake bwa politiki. Amafaranga asigaye agaturuka mu mubaterankunga.
Banki y’Isi iravuga ko niba Leta idashyize amafaranga menshi mu kurwanya ubugwingire bw’abantu mu gihugu, bizaba biteye impungenge nyinshi. Abashakashatsi baragira bati: “… Biteganyijwe ko umubare w’abana 751 000 bari munsi y’imyaka 5 bazagwingira, impinja 152 000 zigapfa, abana 325 000 bakagira ibibazo by’amaraso, abagore batwite 273 000 nabo bakagira ibibazo by’amaraso. naho abagore batwite 5 000 bagapfa.”
Banki y’Isi yagaragaje impamvu ari ngombwa guhangana n’ikibazo cy’imirire mibi, kubera kandi ko ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko mu gihugu hari ibiryo ariko bipfushwa ubusa mu buryo butandukanye. Ariko icyo bwagaragaje cy’ingenzi nuko mu gihe amafaranga ya gahunda yo kunoza imirire y’abana atakongerwa, Dr Asiimwe n’abagenzi be bazaba barakoreye ubusa kuko mu gihe cy’imyaka ine ishusho y’igihugu izaba imeze nabi :
- Abana bafite imirire mibi bazaba bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara indwara harimo umwingo, amenyo nindwara z’amaso, anemia nizindi ndwara ziterwa nimirire mibi k’uburyo bazakenera ubuvuzi bwo hanze cyangwa bwo kurwarira mubitaro.
- Abana bagwingiye bafite igipimo kirenga 12,7 ku ijana cyo gusubira mu ishuri k’urusha abana bakuze neza, kandi bakaba bashobora no kureka ishuri burundu. Ibyo bizagira ingaruka ku isoko ry’akazi (aho abakozi bafite ubumenyi bazabura). Indwara zizaturuka ku mirire mibi zizongera ugusiba ku kazi kw’abakozi.
Kubera izo mpamvu, imirire mibi n’indwara zijyanye nabyo ntibigira ingaruka ku rwego rw’ubuzima gusa ahubwo no ku bukungu muri rusange.
Imirire mibi itera gusibira kw’abana mu mashuri. Igihombo cyabyo kigasaga miliyoni 2.37 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda muri gahunda y’uburezi. Igihombo mu rwego rw’abikorera kikagera ku mafaranga y’u Rwanda angana na miliyoni 794 biturutse ku mashuri make cyangwa ubumenyi buke by’abakozi. Ikindi gihombo kikaba miliyali 309 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda biturutse ku masaha arenga miliyoni 922 yabazaba basibye ku kazi kubera uburwayi bujyanye nimirire mibi n’impfu.
Abashakashatsi ba Banki y’Isi bavuga ko ingaruka ziterwa n’imirire mibi izavamo igihombo kigera kuri 11% y’umusaruro mbumbe w’u Rwanda buri mwaka. Ibyo bivuze ko niba FPR idakemuye ikibazo cy’imirire mibi ubu, amadolari arenga miriyari azajya abura kumusaruro w’igihugu buri mwaka.
Indi nkuru twabasomeye mu kinyamakuru France.Info cyo mu gihugu cy’ubufaransa iratangaza ko kuva u Rwanda rwafungura amashuri mu ntangiriro z’uku kwezi, ababyeyi bamwe bahuye n’ingaruka biturutse ku cyorezo Covid-19 zirimo gukena cyane no kubura akazi bakaba barananiwe kwishyura amafaranga y’ishuri ry’abana babo, gutyo abana bakaba barafashe inzira y’akazi aho gusubira mu ishuri.
Mu gihe hateganyijwe ko ubukungu bw’u Rwanda buzahomba cyane uyu mwaka biturutse kuri Covid-19, amahirwe ko FPR izacyemura iki kibazo cy’imirire mibi y’abana bo mu Rwanda ari hafi ya zeru. Ejo hazaza h’u Rwanda hari mu manegeka.
Ubwanditsi