Yanditswe na Nema Ange
Kuva FPR yafata ubutegetsi mu 1994 na mbere yaho ho gato, humvikanaga amajwi y’Abanyarwanda bavuga ko bashaka impinduka, ariko wabireba neza ugasanga abenshi bashaka impinduka yo kubageza ku butegetsi, ariko mu by’ukuri nta mushinga w’iterambere bafitiye Abanyarwanda. Ibyo nibyo umuhanzi Jean Baptiste Byumvuhore yahereyeho aririmba ati “na burya ubareba bubaka cyane, buracya bakabisenya”. Niko byagenze kuko ibyubatswe n’amaboko y’abana b’u Rwanda bucya bakabisenya, n’ubu bigisenywa. Ikibabaje ni uko n’abo basenya baba bihishe inyuma y’impinduka, ugaheraho wibaza niba iyi mpinduka isenya, imena amaraso, ihembera inzigo mu bana b’u Rwanda ari mpinduka nyabaki? Aho simpuke ndamuke na buke kabiri?
Impinduka ni ijambo ryakoreshejwe nabi mu Rwanda, ku buryo bamwe banaryumva bakababwa ariko siko byagakwiye kugenda. Ibi tubivugiye ko impinduka zose atari icyago ndetse zose siko zimena amaraso cyangwa ngo zihembere inzigo n’inzagano. Gusa kuko Abanyarwanda batinye iri jambo impinduka bagiye babigaragariza mu mateka yabo. Nk’uko twagiye tubibona, Abanyarwanda berekanaga icyo batekereza ku kintu rukana babikuye muri gakondo kamezamiryango yabo, maze ukuri bakakuvuga bemye ariko bakagira uko bakuvuga.
Abanyarwanda baragiraga bati “agahugu umuco akandi uwako”, bigatuma amateka yabo tuyavoma mu Bwiru, mu Bucurabwenge cyangwa mu Ntekerezo zaba iz’ibwami cyangwa iza rubanda. Uyu munsi tugiye gukoresha iki gice cya gatatu cyitwa “Intekerezo za rubanda” maze turebe uko Abanyarwanda bafataga impinduka, cyane cyane ko umuco wa buri gihugu umenyekanishwa n’imyizerere (croyances) yacyo, inyurabwenge (philosophie) yacyo, n’umutima-muntu (bonté, humanisme) mu mbamutima zawo (sentiments). Ibi byose rero nta handi wabirebera uretse mu mvugo zikomoka ku Ntekerezo yihariye.
Dufashe nk’urugero mu Ntekerezo za rubanda dusangamo imigani migufi (proverbes), ikaba igizwe n’icyo twakwitwa mu gifaransa “le code moral inscrit dans un corpus social ”, maze buri munyarwanda agasabwa kuyiga no kuyinononsora, kugira ngo izamubere umuyoboro anyuzamo ibitekerezo bye, bikanamufasha no kumva iby’abandi, hatabaye impaka za ngo turwane, ahubwo hakabaho kuzuzanya no gutahiriza umugozi umwe. Twibutse ko ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda bwari bushingiye ku nyabutatu isobetse ariyo Umwami, Inka n’Ingoma ariko hejuru ya byose hakaba Imana Rurema, Rugira, Iyakare…
Abanyarwanda batari bake bagaragara nk’abatinyaga impinduka ku buryo bwo hejuru, ndetse imbamutima zabo zikabagaragaza nk’abatararemewe gushyigura ibidashyiguka, bakigaragaza nk’abatabereyeho guhangana n’ibitayegayezwa, maze imigani bacaga n’izindi Ntekerezo zikabaragaza nk’abashaka kubaho, kuramba no kuramuka, maze kugira ngo babashe kurama, bakakira ibiriho, bakanyurwa na byose, ibibi n’ibyiza.
Niho rero bavanye umuco mubi wo kuyoboka ingoma mbi kugira ngo inziza zizasange bakiriho, umuco utakoza abamaze gucengerwa n’amatwara y’impirundamatwara gacanziko n’andi mahame ya kiryankuna.
Wasangaga baca imigani yerekana ko nta mpamvu yo kumaranira impinduka maze bakagira bati “akaje karemerwa, akaje gahimwa n’akakazanye, uko zivuze niko zitambirwa, ntacyo mvuze ntiteranya, ukuri wakavuze uraguhakishwa, agakambye ugatega u Rwanda, akiziritse ku muhoro gasiga kawuciye, aho ibyago byaje ibihaha bica umuhoro, agahuru kagusabye amaraso ntuyakarenza, aho gupfa wakena, aho guhana umupfu wayobya umuvu, akazarushya umukobwa arakagendana, aho inkoko itoye kera ihata ibaba, aho inkuba zerekeye niho ibicu bijya, iyaba ibyegereye byakizaga urufunzo ntirwahiye…” Iyi migani n’indi yose tutarandora yagaragazaga gutinya impinduka.
Inyurabwenge ry’Abanyarwanda kandi, uretse iyi migani tubonye hejuru, yabatozaga kuberereka cyangwa kuyoboka, yabatozaga kubaho bakihanganira ibiriho, byaba ibyo bemera cyangwa ibyo batemera, bakituriza.
Icyo gihe nta kindi gikurikiraho uretse kunuma bagategereza uko iminsi izabigenza. Niyo mpamvu bagiraga bati” ibyagiye kera ibyagurukana iraago, iyakaremye niyo ikamena, iminsi iteka inzovu mu rwabya, iminsi ipfura umugara w’intare, iminsi ivuguta nta muvuba, ako iminsi iteruye ntikaremera, iminsi icuma idaciye amakara, iminsi ibagira inkende munsi y’igiti zuriraga…” Iyi migani n’indi myinshi utarondora, yahatiraga Abanyarwanda gutegereza batanduranya, bakizera igihe kizaza.
Ariko na none habaga indi migani y’abakurambere igira iti “uwo ivumbuye aba yivumbitse, uwitonze akama ishashi, inkware y’inyabugingo itora mu itongo ry’uwahihiga, nyiramugwaneza yakamye imbogo atayijishe, uwitonze atora mu itongo ry’inkuba, uwitonze atoragura icyabuze, iyihuse yabyaye ibihumye, bucya bwitwa ejo, ntukarambirwe n’iminsi bucya havaho umwe…”
Ntidusabwa kwinjira mu isomo ry’ubuvanganzo, iry’iyigamigani cyangwa isesengurankomoko kuri Gacamigani n’imigani ye, ahubwo turacyareba ubu buryo butatu Abanyarwanda bumvagamo ijambo impinduka. Uko bigaragara Umunyarwanda wa kera yafataga impinduka nk’inkubiri yadutse idafite uyizanye, bakavuga ko ari igihe kigeze. Hari n’igihe babifataga nk’igeno ry’Imana cyangwa ko ariho isi imwerekeje. Bityo bamwe bakumva nta kindi bakora uretse guhebera urwaje maze Sakindi ikazaba ibyara ikindi mu hazaza habo.
Iyi myumvire rero, uko u Rwanda rwagiye rukura mu myumvire, yagiye ihinduka ku Banyarwanda bamwe bamwe. Babona ko impinduka ari ikintu gishoboka kandi bakakigiramo uruhare ruziguye cyangwa rutaziguye. Dufatiye ku rugero rw’Abaryankuna ba kera, mu gihe u Rwanda rwari rwayogojwe n’Abanyabyinshi bafatanyije n’Abanyabungo n’Abagara, batigeze bicara ngo barebere, batekereze ko igihe kizabyikemurira. Barabyanze ahubwo bahitamo gutungwa n’igisagutse ku isari, ariko u Rwanda rukuburwa, rukongera kuba u Rwanda.
Mu buryo bwemejwe n’abahanga mu mitekerereze no mu mibanire y’abantu, impinduka ishoboka mu buryo butatu:
(1) Guhindura ikibi kikimukira icyiza: bisobanuye gukuraho ikibi, aho cyari hagashyirwa icyiza.
(2) Gutokora icyiza kiriho kigatandukanywa n’icyasha: bisobanuye ko mu byiza bisanzweho, hajonjorwa utunenge tugaragara tugashyirwa ku ruhande, icyiza kikaguma kera de. Ibi nibyo bita impinduka zo kunoza.
(3) Gufata icyiza gisanzweho kikongererwa ubwiza: bisobanuye impinduka zitagambiriye gukuraho, ahubwo zifata icyiza zigatuma kirabagirana kurushaho. Iyi ya gatatu yitwa impinduka yo kongera ubwiza mu bundi. Aha rero niho duhita twibaza ngo “ese abakeneye impinduka ku Rwanda bakeneye izihe? ”.
Mwebwe mukurikiye iki kiganiro mubona hakenewe izihe muri ubu buryo butatu tumaze kuvuga?
Igisubizo ni icya buri wese, ariko twebwe, mu kwanzura iki kiganiro, tubona ko Abanyarwanda bahemukiranye mu byiciro byose bashyizwemo, bigatuma hahoraho amahano asimburana, kandi agatwara ubuzima bw’abana b’u Rwanda, bazize intambara umunyarwanda arwana n’undi munyarwanda. Tugasanga rero nta kindi cyatugeza ku mpinduka nziza atari impinduramatwara gacanzigo, izatugeza ku gukubita icyuhagiro abagomye, bakagororoka, bagafatanyiriza hamwe gushakira ubutabera ababubuze, kwimika ukuri, kurandura inzangano, inzika n’inzigo, kubaka u Rwanda rw’amahoro, umutekano, ubumwe n’ubwiyunge buzira imbereka, maze tugaturana dutuje mu gihugu twarazwe n’abasokoruza, uko bashakaga ko tukibanamo twese tureshya.
Ntawe duhatiye guhitamo uburyo bw’impinduka ubu n’ubu kuko tumaze kubona ko ishoboka, ahubwo turabasaba ngo buri wese atekereze kabiri ashyiremo ubwenge, arebe niba hari icyiza FPR yatuzaniye, maze nitukibura tuyisabe guca bugufi igakubitwa icyuhagiro cyangwa ikomongana ikajya kurya ayo yasahuye.
Nema Ange