Yanditswe na Emmanuel Nyemazi
Akarere ka Muhanga ni igice cy’ahahoze hitwa i Gitarama, mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo. Kagizwe n’Imirenge 12, Utugari 63 n’Imidugudu 331. Kagizwe n’ibice bibiri: igice cy’imisozi miremire ya Ndiza gihuza indi Imirenge 6 indi Mirenge 6 ikaba mu gice cy’imisozi migufi. Ubukungu bwako bushingiye ku buhinzi n’ubworozi, ariko cyane cyane bugashingira ku bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro (coltan, cassiterite, Wolfram, Beryle) na Kariyeri.
Biratangaje kubona mu Mirenge 11 kuri 12 igize aka Karere habonekamo amabuye y’agaciro ndetse n’uwa 12 ari wo Shyogwe ukaba uzwiho ibumba ryiza abantu abantu batangarira ariko abaturage baho bagahora bataka inzara. Kuri ibi hiyongeraho ibishanga bikikije umujyi aribyo Rugeramigozi, Makera na Kinyenkanda bihingwamo ibigori n’umuceri utagira ingano ariko ugasanga abaturage barya kabiri ku munsi ni mbarwa.
Ibi byose rero nta kindi kibitera ni uko ahakavuye agafaranga hose FPR yahatangatanze maze umuturage agahora agoka agira ngo yiteze imbere, ariko utwo abonye hafi ya twose akatwamburwa agasigara aririra mu myotsi. Biteye agahinda kandi biranababaje kubona umuturage yitwa ngo yahinze ariko abana be bakicwa na bwaki cyangwa izindi ndwara zishingiye ku mirire mibi. Ubwo kwiga no kwivuza byo ni ibindi bindi.
Dufashe nk’urugero abaturage bahinga umuceri bawugemurira abambari ba FPR bakabaha 15% y’umusaruro wo kurya, 85% ikajyanwa kuri Koperative, umuhinzi akagurirwa ikilo (1 Kg) cy’umuceri udatonoye akishyurwa 300 FRW ariko we yawukenera akawugura hagati ya 800 FRW na 900FRW cyangwa 1000 FRW kuzamura bitewe n’ibihe. Birumvikana ko mu bihe by’akanda 1 Kg gishobora no kugura 1500 FRW.
Ubwo no ku bigori ni uko uba usanga nta kintu kinini umuturage yungukira mu buhinzi bwe, ariko kuko nta yandi mahitamo aba afite, aremera akarya rimwe ku munsi ariko byibuza akumva ko nawe afite icyo akora.
Ku rundi ruhande, abashoramari batandukanye baraje bashyira imbaraga mu gucukura amabuye y’agaciro, nayo aboneka mu buryo bugoranye kuko hagikoreshwa ubucukuzi bwa gakondo (traditional mining). Akarere ka Muhanga kari kamaze kugera ku bashoramari barenga 50, ariko FPR ibona ko ayo ibambura ari makeya maze ibabwira ko bagomba kwibumbira hamwe, ibabwira ko ari uburyo bwo kongera ingufu, nyamara ntibyari byo kuko ahubwo yagira ngo Crystal Venture ibone uko yiba amafaranga yose aturuka mu mabuye y’agaciro, ba nyiri ama companies baboneho duke, noneho bikagera ku mucukuzi, wa muturage wiriwe mu mwobo wa metero 20 kugeza kuri 50 munsi y’ubutaka, akabarirwa 1000 FRW ku munsi, nayo atinda kuza.
Muri iki gice cy’ubukungu FPR yarikungahaje bigaragara kuko ama companies yayo esheshatu (6) yabumbiye hamwe za zindi za mbere 50, maze si ukuzinyunyuza yivayo. Ibi kandi bijyana no guhoza ku nkenke abacukuzi bakwa imisoro, amahoro, isuku, umutekano. Ikibabaje ni uko barenga bagatanga umusanzu wa FPR kandi muri rusange, za companies esheshatu (6) zahurijwe hamwe izindi zikusanya amafaranga atagira ingano akoherezwa muri FPR. Prof. Nshuti Manasseh na Brig. Gen. Patrick Karuretwa bakaba babonye akazi.
Ingaruka z’ibi byose rero ni ubukene bukabije, kutabasha kubona icumbi, amashuri y’abana, ubuvuzi no kwihaza mu biribwa bihita bihinduka umugani. Ibi FPR irabikora ikica abaturage urubozo, yarangira ikabashinyagurira, ikabyigamba, ikanigamba hejuru rubanda rugoka. “Imana y’u Rwanda niyo yonyine yadutabara” nkuko Abatugare babwiye ijisho rya Abaryankuna rikorera mu ntara ya Amajyepfo. Bitari ibyo umuturage azakomeza agoke kugeza apfuye atagifite n’urwara rwo kwishima.
Mu Rwego rwo gushinyagurira abaturage bagowe, umuzindaro wa Leta IGIHE cyo ku wa 05/11/2021, harimo inkuru igira iti « Urusobe rw’ibibazo by’abakorera mu isoko rishya rya Muhanga; kuri bamwe ubukode bwikubye inshuro 10». Muri iyi nkuru harimo ko abacuruzi bakorera mu isoko rya kijyambere ryo mu Karere ka Muhanga, “Muhanga Modern Market”, bavuga ko bakibangamiwe n’amafaranga y’ubukode bishyura ndetse n’amande ari hejuru acibwa umucuruzi wahaye mugenzi we umukiliya. Impamvu bashingiraho bagaragaza ko ubukode buri hejuru ni uko isoko bakoreragamo mbere bishyuraga 8,000 FRW kugeza ku 20,000 FRW ubu mu igorofa ya gatatu bishyura 80,000 FRW, mu ya kabiri bakishyura 100,000 FRW naho hasi bakishyura 150,000FRW naho imiryango yo hanze yishyurwa 250,000FRW.
Muri make aba baturage bararira ko ubukode bwikubye inshuro nyinshi hitwajwe ko hubatswe étage, ukibaza niba uwubatse iyo étage yari azaniye abaturage iterambere cyangwa niba yaraje kubafata ku gakanu, akabanyunyuza, akabakama n’ayo mu ihembe we agakomeza agakira, nyamara umuturage we agenda apfa.
Umucuruzi w’imboga yabwiye Umuzindaro wa Kigali, IGIHE, mu mvugo yuje agahinda, ati “Dufite ikibazo cy’ahantu hahenze dukorera kandi nta bakiriya. Twifuza ko batugabanyiriza ku giciro, icyifuzo cyacu twakigejeje ku buyobozi kandi burakizi dukeneye ko hagira igikorwa.” Hakozwe iki? Amerwe yasubiye mu isaho! Nta kuntu atasubira mu isaho mu gihe Mayor wa buri Karere aba yahawe umubare w’amafaranga agomba gushyira kuri Konti za FPR, atayagezaho rimwe akihanganirwa, ubundi akirukanwa.
Muri aka Karere, muri iyi mandat irangiye, Mayor Uwamaliya Béatrice, yahatiwe kwegura kuko atari yabashije kwesa umuhigo w’amafaranga yagombaga kwinjiza kuri Konti bwite ya FPR iri muri BK Muhanga. Muri iyi bank iyo winjiyemo mu mpera z’ukwezi ushobora gukeka ko yagize abakiliya benshi, kandi si byo. Ababa batoye imirongo itagira uko ireshya baba ari aba directeurs ba za Primaires na Secondaires, aba Titulaires ba za Centre de Santé, Ibitaro, abakuriye Kampani zicukura amabuye y’agaciro cyangwa Kariyeri, Abacuruzi, n’abandi bose baba baje kwishyura umusanzu wa FPR. Urengeje itariki ya 5 y’ukwezi arirukanwa.
Uyu wahoze ari Mayor wa Muhanga, Uwamaliya Béatrice, baramuhemukiye cyane mu gihe yari ahagarariye FPR mu Karere. Ajya kwegura bamwandikiye ibaruwa y’ubwegure, maze arayisinya. Muri iyi baruwa yavugaga ko yarebye “umuvuduko we asanga utajyanye n’umuvuduko w’iterambere ry’igihugu”. Biteye agahinda! Ibi bisobanuye ko adashobora kubona akazi muri Leta kuko yishinje kugenda nk’akanyamasyo.
Perezida w’abacuruzi mu isoko rishya rya Muhanga, Rukazabyuma Emile, yagize ati “nkanjye aho nkorera ni ahareba ku muhanda munini Kigali-Huye, nishyura 250,000 FRW. Twese ntabwo ibiciro tubyishimiye kuko birahanitse, turateganya kwandikira ba nyir’isoko n’Akarere bakaba batugabanyiriza ibiciro.” Uretse se keirengagiza uyu Emile yabaye Perezida w’abacuruzi atowe cyangwa?
Guverineri w’Intara y’Amajyepfo, Kayitesi Alice, yavuze ko bagiye gukora ubuvugizi amafaranga akagabanywa. Ariko se arabukora hehe ko kabitera ari FPR kandi akaba ayikuriye mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo? Ni bwa bushinyaguzi bwa FPR. None se irabaka imisanzu itagira ingano, yarangiza ngo azabakorera ubuvugizi? Ibi ni ukukwica yarangiza akagushinyagurira, amaze kukwigambaho no kukwigamba hejuru!
Iri soko ryatangiye ku mugaragaro ku itariki ya 01/06/2021, hashyizweho amabwiriza y’agacinyizo gakabije, kugera n’aho ryubakiwe icyumba cya gereza imbere mu isoko, ku buryo hafungirwa abagerageje kwinubira agacinyizo. Urugero iyo abitwa “Youth Volunteers” baje kwaka umusanzu wa FPR abacuruzi bato, hakagira ubyanga, bahita bamufungira muri cya cyumba, niba bamusabaga 5000 FRW akavamo atanze 50,000FRW.
Uwatanze aya makuru yerekanye icyumba yafungiwemo, biturutse ku kuba yinjiye muri iri soko kandi nta bicuruzwa afite, akaza kuhava ajyanwa gufungwa mu kigo cy’inzererezi (Transit Center). Ni agashinyaguro.
Umukozi ushinzwe umutekano muri iyi nyubako, yabwiye IGIHE ko atari ukubafunga nk’uko abacuruzi babivuga ngo ahubwo ari ahantu hagenwe babashyira mu gihe babona bari guteza impagarara. Noneho nimunyumvire, Banyarwanda, ngo si ukugufunga ni ukuririndira ahantu utegereje kujyanwa muri transit center. Ariko Abanyarwanda bazahumuka ryari ngo bahaguruke bange aka karengane???
Iri soko kandi ntiryemera abahuza b’abaguzi n’abacuruzi bamwe bita abapyesi cyangwa abakomisiyoneri. Ingingo ya gatandatu y’amabwiriza yometse ku nkuta z’isoko, igaragaza ibihano bihabwa umucuruzi wagaragaye muri ibyo bikorwa birimo gucibwa 100,000 FRW by’amande ku nshuro ya mbere, yasubira agacibwa amande nk’ayo hakiyongeraho kwihanangirizwa imbere y’ubuyobozi bw’isoko naho ku nshuro ya gatatu akamburwa aho akorera ngo kuko aba agaragara nk’ugamije gusenya isoko. Ibi rero ni agashinyaguro no kwirengagiza amategeko FPR yishyiriyeho kuko icyo Itegeko rigenga ubucuruzi mu Rwanda ryemera ubwigenge mu bucuruzi no kugurira aho ushaka n’uwo ushaka (Libre échange). Ibi se ntibabizi?
Ibi bibazo n’ibindi tutarondora birushaho gukenesha abaturage bikagaragara, atari mu Karere ka Muhanga gusa, ahubwo ari mu gihugu hose, kandi bikarushaho gukaza umurego uko bwije n’uko bukeye. Nyamara ku ruhande rwa FPR, bakaba bakina ku mubyimba Abanyarwanda babaratira ko ibigo byabo byungutse cyane.
Umuzindaro wa Leta, IGIHE, wari umaze gukina ku mubyimba abanyamuhanga n’abahagenda, kuri uwo munsi wo ku itariki ya 05/11/2021, watangaje ko «BK Group Plc yungutse miliyari 36.7 FRW mu mezi icyenda ya 2021». Ayo mezi icyenda (9) yavugwaga ni ukuva ku itariki ya 01/01/2021 kugeza ku ya 30/09/2021. BK Group Plc igizwe n’ibigo bine ari byo: Banki ya Kigali, BK TecHouse, BK General Insurance na BK Capital, yatangaje ko yungutse miliyari 36.7 FRW. Ni ukuvuga inyongera ya 3.4% ku mutungo mbumbe (ROAA) w’ikigo ndetse na 18.2% ku gaciro k’umugabane (ROAE).
Umuyobozi Mukuru ushinzwe Imari muri BK Group Plc, Nathalie Mpaka, yavuze ko mu gihembwe cya gatatu cy’umwaka ndetse no mu mezi icyenda ya mbere ya 2021, ikigo cyitwaye neza mu ngeri zose. Yakomeje ati “Ubukungu buteganyijwe ko buzongera kuzanzamuka muri uyu mwaka no mu 2022 bigizwemo uruhare n’imbaraga zashyizwe mu mishinga y’ibikorwaremezo ndetse no mu bijyanye n’urwego rw’inganda na serivisi mu gihe ingaruka za COVID-19 zigenda zigabanuka.’’
Nyamara akibagirwa akayabo k’amafaranga afatirwa kubera ko ba nyirayo bananiwe kumvikana na FPR ndetse akanirengagiza umurengera w’Amafaranga ava mu nguzanyo z’amahanga, akanyuzwa mu ngengo y’Imari y’igihugu agahabwa ibi bigo byibumbiye muri Crystal Venture ya FPR. Ni ukwirengagiza cyangwa ni ubuswa? Nta na kimwe muri byo kirimo kuko ukuri arakuzi neza. Uwamushyizeho aramuzi ni FPR. Uwaha raporo ni FPR n’amafaranga atangira raporo azi aho aba yavuye, ibyo mu nguzanyo abazihabwa turabazi. Ariko ye! Ubu tujye aho twemeze ko FPR itazi inyungu iba igamije gukamura abaturage mu buryo bwose?
Umuyobozi Mukuru wa BK Group Plc, Dr Diane Karusisi, yavuze ko bishimiye ko inyungu y’ikigo yiyongereye kandi bitanga icyizere. Yagize ati “Twishimiye kubona inyongera nziza mu gaciro k’umutungo, biradufasha gukomeza gutera imbere no gusoza umwaka duhagaze neza.’’ Tuvuge se ko na Diane Karusisi ayobewe ko ari umushumba wa FPR? None se yabonye akazi ko kuyobora BK akoze ipiganwa cyangwa baramuhamagaye bamujyana i Rusororo FPR imuha inkoni y’ubushumba?? Turabazi!!!!
Nyamara ku rundi ruhande, inkuru dukesha ikinyamakuru kigenga HANGA.RW cyasohoye inkuru yagira ga iti
«Abakoresha Gaz bavuze ko babangamiwe n’itumbagira rya hato na hato ry’ibiciro». Nyamara iyaguraga 15,000 FRW isigaye igura 25,000 FRW, hatarebwe ko aho umuturage akura! Ni agahinda!
Iyi nkuru ikomeza ivuga ko bamwe mu baturage bakoresha gaz batangaza ko babangamiwe n’itumbagira rya hato na hato ry’ibiciro byazo. Urwego rw’igihugu ngenzuramikorere RURA rwo ruvuga ko ruri mu biganiro n’inzego zirebwa n’iki kibazo kugira ngo gikemuke ku buryo burambye. Ibi ni ugukina ku mubyimba abandi.
Ese ko iyo abaturage barize amarira yabo akagera ku Mana inzego za Leta zivuga ngo ziri mu biganiro, byaba bishyira bikagira icyo bigeraho? Ni ikihe kibazo se abaturage bagaragaje kikaganirwaho kigakemuka?
Aha rero, twanzura, niho duhera twemeza ko FPR ikwica yarangiza ikabyigamba, ikanakwigambaho ndetse ikanagushinyagurira. Ntabwo wansobanurira uko FPR yigwizaho imitungo y’abaturage, yarangiza ngo iri mu biganiro. Ibyo biganiro bitagira icyo bigeraho bishatse barorera, buri muturage akagira uburenganzira bwe.
Umuyobozi mukuru wa RURA, Dr Nsabimana Ernest, avuga izamuka rya gaz rishingiye ku kuba ikenerwa na benshi hirya no hino ku isi, bitewe n’ibihe kandi ngo mu Rwanda naho abayikenera bagenda biyongera. Ibi se si kwa kukwicira FPR ikora yarangiza ikagushinyagurira? Amaherezo se azaba ayahe? Tubitege amaso.
Emmanuel Nyemazi
Akarere ka Ruhango.