Yanditswe na Manzi Uwayo Fabrice
Duherutse kubona aka video k’iminota mike gacicikana ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, aho Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Umuco na Siporo, Bamporiki Edouard yunamiraga umukinnyikazi wa filime witwa Alliah, amubwira ko ubwo amugabiye inka ari umugore, ubwo abaye “idebe” rye. Byahise bishyushya imitwe y’abantu benshi, bamwe bati “n’ubundi uriya ni idebe”, abandi batekereza ko ari kwa gucinya inkoro kwe kuko azi neza ko shebuja Kagame atajya akunda abantu batekereza ahubwo yikundira “amadebe”, none ubu ni uburyo Bamporiki ahisemo bwo kwigira “idebe” kugira ngo akomeze ahakwe, azacyure n’ubuhake, dore ko aherutse kuvuga ko atunze 1,000,000,000FRW. Izi mpaka rero zatumye dukora ubushashatsi bwimbitse kugira ngo tubwire Abanyarwanda inkomoko ndetse n’igisobanuro cy’ijambo “idebe”, akaba ari byo tugiye kubagezaho, twifashishije ubucukumbuzi mu nyandiko zitandukanye zavuze ku mateka y’u Rwanda.
Abanyarwanda baciye umugani ngo “umusazi arasara akagwa ku ijambo”. Baba babihereye kuri Nyarwaya rwa Yuhi III Mazimpaka, ku Ijuru rya Kamonyi, mu 1700, wateye i Burundi maze ingabo zishirirayo, ariko azana iminyago myinshi, ayigejeje kwa Mazimpaka amuhanisha kumuca i Bwami. Nyarwaya atangira gukerakera adafite aho ajya. Bimaze gushoberana haza umusazi witwa Rwugamo, yari asanzwe aza i Bwami, abwira Mazimpaka ati “ngufitiye ijambo rikomeye ariko banza umpe akayoga kuko mfite inyota”. Bamuha inzoga aranywa. Bimaze akanya, ati “reka nkwicare ku bibero maze nkubwire”. Mazimpaka kuko yamukundaga by’igikinisho aremera. Rwugamo amaze kumugera ku bibero, ati “aho kuba intwari ibwami nahaba umusazi. Dore Nyarwaya umwana w’umwami yatabaye i Burundi yica Rusengo mu Birangirwa bya Ntaga atabarukana iminyago itabarika, none bamuciye arakerakera, naho jye Rwugamo rw’umusazi nicaye ku bibero by’umwami ndanywa inzoga y’ubuki!”. Abantu bateraniye aho bahoze basabira Nyarwaya imbabazi baraseka bati “Umusazi ariguyeho!” ( ijambo ry’ukuri). Imvugo ikwira muri rubanda rwose kugeza n’ubu igikoreshwa.
Aya mateka rero yaje kwisubiramo ubwo Mutagatifu Kizito Mihigo yatangizaga Kizito Mihigo for Peace (KMP) n’Idebe Bamporiki Edouard, nyuma ho gato, ryatangije Art for Peace, maze bidatinze Umutagatifu baramuca ndetse baza no kumwica, Idebe baritamika baryinginga banarikikiye, habura umusazi wagwa ku ijambo, kuko nyine uwakabaye umusazi yari yamaze guhinduka “idebe”, kugeza abyigambye imbere ya camera. Ariko se ko dukomeza kuvuga “idebe”, ubundi iri jambo rikomoka he, risobanura iki?
1.Inkomoko y’ijambo “idebe”
“Idebe” Bamporiki, muri video yacicikanye, yatanze ibisobanuro by’ijambo “idebe” avuga ko iyo umugabo yagabiraga undi mugabo, uwagabiwe yahitaga ahinduka “umugaragu” we, naho iyo umugore yagabiraga umugabo, uyu ugabiwe yahitaga ahinduka “idebe” ry’uwo mugore. Ariko se ibi ni byo? Mu bitabo byose twacukumbuye twabuze iki gisobanuro cy’ “Idebe” Bamporiki, ariko tuza kugwa ku gitabo kiduha ukuri nyakuri, tubona inkomoko ya nyayo kuko ihuye n’amateka y’Abami b’u Rwanda, kandi yo akaba yarahererekanyijwe mu Bwiru, mu Bisigo no mu Bucurabwenge, mu buryo nyemvugo, igihe kikazagera akandikwa uko yakabaye. Iyi nkomoko rero tugiye kureba ikaba isenya burundu ibihimbano bya Bamporiki wiyise “idebe” atunga agatoki Nyiramongi Jeannette ngo nawe azamuhete dore ko asanzwe yaramugabiye ibyamukuye mu gucukura imisarane, kuba umuboyi mu ngo z’abandi no gukora ubuyede.
Twifashishije igitabo “Ibirari by’Insimigani” cyanditswe na Mulihano Benedigito, dusangamo “Insigamugani Nyirizina” igira iti “Yigize Idebe”. Tukaba tugiye kuyinyuramo mu ncamake, kugira ngo idufashe kumva mu by’ukuri inkomoko n’ijambo “idebe” ndetse n’igisobanuro tugihuze n’icya Bamporiki.
Uyu mugani bawuca iyo babonye umuntu wigize “indakoreka” cyangwa “indakeburwa”, akigira “intagondwa”, mbese “umuntu udashobotse”, nibwo bagira bati “Yigize Idebe”.
Uyu mugani wakomotse ku “Madebe”. “Amadebe” yari abagaragu b’Umugabekazi Nyirayuhi Nyiratunga, watwaranye u Rwanda n’Umuhungu we, Yuhi IV Gahindiro, ahayinga mu mwaka w’1746. Nk’uko amateka y’impitabihe ku Rwanda abitugaragariza, ubusanzwe mu nzego z’abanyamirimo b’i Bwami, zashyizweho n’Umwami Mutara Nsoro Semugeshi ahasaga mu mwaka w’1543, yashyizeho n’umwihariko w’”Abagaragu b’i Bugabekazi”, batandukanywa n’ab’i Bwami, banahabwa izina ryabo, bitwa “Amadebe”.
“Amadebe” yagengwaga n’amabwiriza y’i Bugabekazi gusa, ku buryo ay’i Bwami ntacyo yabaga ababwiye na busa, nta n’icyo yabarebagaho rwose. Guhera ku Ngoma ya Nyiramavugo Nyirakabogo nyina wa Mutara Semugeshi, urwo rwego rwatangiye imirimo yarwo. Nyuma y’icurwa ry’umugambi mubisha wa Gatarabuhura washakaga guhirika ubwami bwa murumuna we Mibambwe Sentabyo, n’umwana we Gahindiro wari ukiri uruhinja, Nyiratunga yategekeye umuhungu we Gahindiro, kuko Se Mibambwe Sentabyo yatanze, Gahindiro agifite imyaka ibiri gusa, yari ataragira ubushobozi bwo kuba Umwami.
Nk’uko Amabanga y’Ubwiru, ari bwo Tegeko Nshinga ryariho icyo gihe yabigenaga, Umugabekazi yagombaga gufata ubutware bwe akabwongeraho ubw’Umwana we utarakura, ubundi agatwara u Rwanda kugeza igihe umwana we azagirira imyaka 20, ubundi akamushyikiriza “inyonga”, ari zo bimenyetso by’Umwami, ubundi akisubirira mu mbere z’i Bugabekazi. Niko byagendekeye Nyirayuhi Nyiratunga watwaye u Rwanda mu gihe umwana we Gahindiro yari atarakura, ku buryo yajyaga yicara mu nteko akagereka akaguru ku kandi, agatamira urujigo agatumagura agatabi, ubundi akifata kigabo kugira ngo u Rwanda batarasuzugura kuko ruyobowe n’umugore. Byatumaga agira igitsure gikomeye, ariko yita kuri bimwe, ibindi birapfa birapfukera.
Muri iyo myaka 18 Nyiratunga yatwaye u Rwanda wenyine, yitaye ku mirimo y’i Bwami, iy’imibereho myiza y’abaturage n’iy’umutekano w’igihugu. Yirengagiza iy’Ubugabekazi kubera ko yari wenyine, Gahindiro atarakura, bituma imihango yose y’i Bugabekazi ipfapfana na ba bagaragu b’i Bugabekazi bitwaga “Amadebe” baboneraho bigira ibyigomeke, bagakora ibyo bishakiye, kuko batari bafite gicunga, ngo abakebure.
Bitewe n’uko Nyiratunga yaburaga uburyo abaha umurongo ngenderwaho, akabura n’uko abakurikirana, kubera inshingano nyinshi zo ku rurembo, i Bwami, uwagiraga icyo avuga asa n’umuregera “Amadebe” ye ku myitwarire idahwitse, yaramutwamaga bikomeye, akamubwira ko bagomba kumurekera “Amadebe” ye, kuko ntawe yahaye inshingano zo kuyacunga. Ariko ibyo yabikoraga byo kwanga kugaragaza intege nke afite zo gucunga imyitwarire y’abagaragu b’i Bugabekazi ngo acunge n’ab’i Bwami, maze akazi kenshi akarekera i Bwami, i Bugabekazi “Amadebe” yikorera ibyo ashaka, ahinduka ibyigenge. Ibyo byose byaterwaga n’inshingano zikomatanyije yari afite.
“Amadebe” nayo yaragiye yigira “Amadebe” koko, yikorera ibyo ashaka, byaba ibyiza cyangwa se ibibi, byaba ibikiza cyangwa ibyangiza. Nyiratunga nawe mu buryo bwo kurengera icyubahiro cye nk’umugore uyoboye igihugu wenyine, yarushagaho kugaragaza ko nta wushobora kugira icyo akora ku “Madebe” ye.
N’ubwo bari abagaragu b’i Bugabekazi, kandi Nyiratunga akaba yaraciye iteka ko nta wufite ubushobozi bwo kugira icyo yabakoraho, usibye we wenyine, ariko ibikorwa byabo ntibyabuze kwamaganwa na rubanda. Uko bwije n’uko bukeye abaturage bari baturiye i Bugabekazi bahoraga binubira imyitwarire y’ “Amadebe”, maze ibikorwa byabo biza gukorerwaho ubugenuzi, maze bahinduka iciro ry’imigani, umuntu wese wigize intakoreka, intakeburwa, intavugirwamo, ugaragaje ko afite kirengera kurusha abandi, rubanda bamubona bakamuciraho umugani ushingiye ku myifatire “Amadebe” yagaragaje, ni uko bakagira bati “Nawe yigize Idebe”.
Igihe cyaje kugera Gahindiro agira imyaka 20, nyina Nyiratunga amuha inyonga, aba atangiye imirimo y’i Bwami, ku izina rya Yuhi IV Gahindiro, noneho Nyiratunga abona umwanya wo gusubira mu mirimo y’i Bugabekazi. Agezeyo atangira gucunga neza imyitwarire y’ “Amadebe” ye, agenda ayasubiza ku murongo buhoro, kuko yari afite igitsure gikarishye, uwo yarebaga ikijisho mu bagaragu be yahita amenya icyo amubwiye, kandi akagikora atiganda. Ya mico ya kera irashira ariko ya mvugo iguma muri rubanda.
Kuva ubwo rero abantu babona umuntu w’ikinani, bagoragoza ntashoboke, wigize intakoreka, ubwira ntiyumve, wigize indakeburwa, ugaragaza ko afite kirengera yihariye, nta wamukoraho, babura uko babigira bagaterera iyo, bakamugera kuri ya “Madebe” bati “uriya yigize idebe”, bavuga ko ari “indakoreka”.
2.Ijambo “idebe” rivuga iki?
Dushingiye ku nkomoko tumaze kubona mu gika cya mbere, twabona ko dufite ibisobanuro bibiri by’ “idebe”:
a)Amadebe yashinzwe na Mutara Nsoro Semugeshi: Aya “Madebe” yari abagaragu b’i Bugabekazi, bacungwa n’Umwamikazi, bakamufasha mu mirimo. Yatangiye ku ngoma ya Nyiramavugo Nyirakabogo akomeza kubaho no ku bandi Bagabekazi bamukuriye ariko bigeze kuri Nyirayuhi Nyiratunga birahinduka, “Amadebe” ahinduka “indakoreka, ibyigenge, ibinani, indakebuka, intavugirwamo”.
b)Amadebe yo ku ngoma ya Nyirayuhi Nyiratunga: Mu gihe Mibambwe Sentabyo yatanze uzamusimbura ari we Gahindiro yari agifite imyaka ibiri, byatumye mu gihe cy’imyaka 18 ategekerwa na Nyina Nyirayuhi Nyiratunga, bituma yita cyane ku mirimo y’i Bwami gusa, naho i Bugabekazi “Amadebe” yigira “Amadebe”. Ni ukuvuga abantu b’indakoreka, bigize indakeburwa, ibyigenge, intavugirwamo kandi bagaragaza ko bafite kirengera kurusha abandi. Ni ijambo ribi utakwita uwawe.
Mu kwanzura iri sesengura rero twavuga ko iyo Abanyarwanda bavuze ngo “uriya yigize idebe” bataba bavuze ko umugaragu w’i Bugabekazi, kuko iby’Abagabekazi byarangiranye n’ingoma yabyo, ahubwo baba bibutsa imyitwarire n’imyifatire mibi, igayitse kandi ibangamiye rubanda, yagizwe n’ “Amadebe” ya Nyirayuhi Nyiratunga, mu gihe cy’imyaka 18 yatwaye u Rwanda wenyine, kuko Yuhi Gahindiro yari akiri umwana, atafata inshingano zo kuba umwami, ngo ahangane na Gatarabuhura, washinjwaga kugambanira Mibambwe Sentabyo. Birumvikana neza ko ijambo “idebe” ari ikintu kigayitse cyane kubera inkomoko yaryo. Uyu munsi n’uwakubwira ko “wigize idebe” wakwisuzuma ugashaka ibyo ukosora mu maguru mashya.
Biragayitse kubona umuntu nka Bamporiki Edouard, uri ku rwego rwa Minisitiri, ajya muri video izarebwa n’isi yose, “akigira idebe”, akunamira umukinnyikazi wa filime, maze Bwenge Buke Alliah wawe watwawe n’abagabo b’imihanda yose aba azi n’abo atazi, akajyaho agasimbuka ngo abonye Minisitiri wemeye “kwigira idebe” rye. Ibi bikaba mu gihugu cyuzuye abanyabwenge babwimuriye mu gifu, bakibagirwa bakabunnya, bari aho birirwa kuri za Twitter babiba inzangano, abandi barigize inzobere mu mateka no muri jenoside, ariko Minisitiri muzima “yakwigira idebe” ntibamukebure, mu gihe “idebe” bivuga umuntu w’ikinani, wigize indakoreka, w’indakeburwa, ubwirwa ntiyumve, ugaragaza ko afite kirengera yihariye, nta wamukoraho, babura uko babigira bagaterera iyo, kuko aba yararenze igaruriro, asigaye ari nta kavuro mu bandi.
Ngabo abacurabwenge u Rwanda rusigaranye. Kumva ko FPR ifite Guverinoma y’ “Amadebe”, ntawe bitungura kuko n’ubundi yikundira abaneye ubwenge. None se hari utanga icyo adafite? Ntaho byabaye!
Manzi Uwayo Fabrice
Ariko ibyo bisobanuro byose ntaho bitaniye nuko we yavuze ahubwo abamwita idebe abenshi ni intiti kuko ijambo idebe ni irisobanura umuntu udafite ubwenge namba mbese injiji rwimbi….kuko abarimu bajyaga babyivugira ngo bampaye abana ni amadebe gusa kubera ko yasangaga babimuye nya kantu bazi…Rero abenshi baba bagaragaza ko yigize umuswa rwimbi!!!
Nyamara Bamporiki si umuswa azi ibyo arimo…yigeze kuvuga ngo hari abababarango acinya inkoro….ko acinya iye bibatwaye iki?