Yanditswe na Remezo Rodriguez
Mu Rwanda hamaze kumenyerwa inkuru ziryana mu matwi ya rubanda igoka ziba zivuga ko hashyizweho ibigega bikitirirwa kuzamura imibereho y’abaturage, nyamara mu by’ukuri ari ibigamije kuzuza amakonti ya FPR haba mu Rwanda no mu mahanga, abaturage batagira kivurira bagakomeza bakicira isazi mu jisho. Inkuru nk’iyi yongeye gusakara kuri uyu wa Gatanu, tariki ya 21/07/2023, ubwo UMUSEKE watangaza bwa mbere ko Leta y’u Rwanda n’Igihugu cy’Ubudage batangije ikigega cyiswe “Pro Poor Basket Fund”, gifite miliyoni 16 z’amayero (asaga 20,000,000,000 FRW), bikavugwa mo cyitezweho kuzamura imibereho y’abaturage bakenye cyane (abatindi nyakujya) mu Turere 16 tw’u Rwanda. Abatari bake rero bahise bibuka ko ibindi bigega nk’AGACIRO, ISHEMA RYACU, n’ibindi ntacyo byamaze uretse kongera imari shingiro mu bucuruzi bwa Crytal Ventures ya FPR.
Leta y’u Rwanda yatangaje ko amafaranga yo muri iki kigega azashorwa mu kongera bikorwa remezo by’ubukungu bihindura imibereho y’abaturage bijyanye no gutanga akazi kuri benshi higanjemo abagore, inavuga ko azakoreshwa mu mishinga y’isuku n’isukura, kongera ibikorwa remezo by’ubuvuzi, amashuri abanza, ayisumbuye no mu bikorwa remezo by’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi, birimo ibitunganya umusaruro n’amasoko.
Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Imari (MINECOFIN), Richard Tusabe, avuga ko ari ikigega kigamije kuzamura imibereho ya benshi hatagize usigara inyuma muri gahunda yo kuva mu bukene. Birgit Pickel, Umuyobozi Mukuru ushinzwe Afurika muri Minisiteri y’iterambere mu Budage, yavuze ko icyo kigega kiri muri gahunda y’ubufatanye hagati y’ibihugu byombi mu rwego rwo gushyigikira imiyoborere myiza y’u Rwanda. Icyo atazi ni uko iki atari cyo kigega cya mbere gishiriye ku makonti ya FPR, ntaho gihuriye no kuzamura abaturage bari mu bukene bukabije, uyu munsi Leta yemera ko babarirwa kuri 16.1%, n’ubwo ukuri kw’iyi mibare ari guke cyane, iyo urebye uburyo abaturage bataka hirya no hino mu gihugu.
Mu gihe abaturage bijujutiraga ibigega bya baringa byuzuza amakonti ya FPR, umuzindaro wa FPR, Igihe.com, wahise usohora inkuru mbere ya saa sita, ko Ikigo cy’Imisoro n’Amahoro (RRA) cyatangaje ko mu mwaka ushize w’ingengo y’imari cyakusanyije umusoro ungana na miliyari 2332.3 FRW, kikaba cyarageze ku ntego ku kigero cya 103.3% kuko cyari cyasabwe gukusanya miliyari 2250.8 FRW.
Imibare yatangajwe kuri uyu wa Gatanu, tariki ya 21/07/2023, igaragaza ko umusoro wakusanyijwe mu mwaka wa 2022/23 warangiye ku wa 30/06/2023, wazamutseho 22.1% ugereranyije n’umwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2021/2022, aho ku ntego yari yatanzwe harenzeho miliyari 81.5 FRW. Nta handi rero kurenza igipimo bituruka uretse kunyunyuza abaturage, aho abasora bashyirwaho umutwaro badashoboye hagamijwe kubakenesha.
Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Imisoro n’Amahoro (RRA) mu mwaka ushize w’isoresha warangiranye na tariki 30/06/2022 cyari cyabashije gukusanya miliyari 1907.1 FRW, mu gihe cyari cyarasabwe gukusanya miliyari 1831.3 FRW. Ibi bivuze ko RRA yari yarengejeho miliyari 75.8 FRW ku ntego yari yahawe. Ni mu gihe ugereranyije n’ayo yari yakusanyije mu mwaka wa 2020/21 habayeho inyongera ya 15.3%. Uku guhora RRA ihora irenze intego yahawe ni igisobanuro cy’uko agatsiko ka FPR kari ku butegetsi i Kigali gahora kanyunyuza abaturage, kakabacuza n’ibyagombye kubatunga bikigira ku makonti yako, abaturage bakarushaho gukeneshwa, mu kubajijisha hagahora hatangazwa ko hatangijwe ibigega byo kubakura mu bukene byahe byo kajya!
Komiseri Mukuru wa RRA, Bizimana Ruganintwali Pascal, yavuze ko intambwe yatewe mu mwaka ushize ishimishije, nubwo utavuga ko abantu bageze iyo bajya. Yagize ati: “Muzi ko RRA igenda ishyira imbaraga mu ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo ibijyanye n’imisoreshereze bitworohere, binafashe abasora, binatume gusoresha bihenduka, uwishyura bimugabanyirize ikiguzi, ariko natwe bidufashe mu kwihutisha no gutanga serivisi.” Yongeyeho ko ingamba zashyizweho mu bugenzuzi bw’imisoro zatumye haboneka miliyari 27 FRW z’inyongera, nyamara ntakomoza ku basora bakomeje gutaka akarengane.
Komiseri Bizimana yavuze ko kuba byarabaye itegeko ko abacuruzi bose bakoresha EBM, aho kuba umwihariko w’abishyura umusoro ku nyongeragaciro (VAT), byatumye hiyongeraho miliyari 7.1 FRW ku mafaranga yagombaga gukusanywa. Yakomeje avuga ko muri uyu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2023/2024, RRA yahawe intego yo kwinjiza miliyari 2,637 FRW, avuga ko nta handi azava uretse gukaza ikoranabuhanga ndetse hakazasoreshwa ukugurisha ubutaka cyangwa inzu. Yagize ati: “Twaribajije tuti ese ko tubona hari abantu bari kugwiza ubukire, kandi bakora ubucuruzi, hari abandi bakora ubucuruzi buciriritse kandi bagasora, kubera iki aba bandi bagurisha ibibanza n’amazu badasora? Ni uko byaje. Ni umusoro mushya uzatuma tuzamura ayinjira.” Abaturage rero baracyagorwa n’akaga gakomeye bashowemo na FPR!
Mu gihe abaturage bataka gusoreshwa imisoro y’agatsi ndetse bakagerekaho amasoro n’imisanzu itajya iva munzira, abitwa bagombye kuvugira rubanda, bo ntibabyitayeho, kuko ku gicamunsi cyo kuri uyu wa Gatanu, tariki ya 21/07/2023, Inteko Rusange y’Umutwe w’Abadepite yatoye itegeko rigabanya igipimo cy’umusoro ku nyungu ku bigo binini (Corporate Income Tax – CIT ), cyavuye kuri 30% cyari kiriho, kuko byateraga igihombo ku rwego rw’ishoramari, gishyirwa kuri 28%, nyamara ibigo binini sibyo byari bikeneye igabanyirizwa, ahubwo rubanda rwa giseseka nirwo rwari rukwiye gutekerezwaho rukagabanyirizwa ari rwo.
Iri tegeko ryatowe rihindura Itegeko nº 027/2022 ryo ku wa 20/10/2022 rishyiraho imisoro ku musaruro. Hakibazwa icyabaye kugira ngo iri tegeko ribe rihinduwe mu mezi 9 gusa. Nyamara icyabaye kirigaragaza kuko muri aya mezi FPR yashiye amafaranga menshi mu ntambara ya Congo, akaba agomba kugarurwa n’abacuruzi, byanga byakwemera, bityo rero mu igabanywa ryabaye nta muturage usanzwe watekerejweho.
Komisiyo yasuzumye umushinga w’iri tegeko yatangaje ko ijanisha rya 2% basanze rizagabanya miliyari 20 FRW ku misoro yakusanywaga. Ariko se kugabanyiriza ibigo binini, ibyinshi bikorera mu kwaha kwa FPR byungura iki umuturage wajyanye ihene yoroye mu isoko akayisorera ayinjije mu isoko, yanabura umuguzi akayisorera ayisubije mu rugo, yabura icyo asora agafungirwa mu isoko ry’amatungo, nk’uko bikunda kugaragara ku Isoko ry’amatungo rya Misizi, mu Murenge wa Shyogwe, mu Karere ka Muhanga?
Abasesengura iby’ubukungu bavuze ko iki gipimo cy’umusoro ku bigo binini kikiri hejuru cyane, ugereranyije n’uko icya Afurika kibarirwa kuri 21%, bakerekana ibihugu byawushyize hasi bagatanza umusaruro nk’Ibirwa bya Mauritius byawushyize kuri 15% na Singapore yawushyize kuri 7%. Aba basesenguzi kandi basanga hari hakwiye gutekerezwa uburyo imisoro yamanurwa no ku bacuruzi bato kuko ihanikwa ry’imisoro rikabije ari ryo riri ku isonga mu mpamvu z’itumbagira ry’ibiciro, bagatanga urugero rw’ukuntu ibicuruzwa bipakirirwa ku cyambu cya Mombasa binyura muri Uganda n’u Rwanda ariko byagera mu Burundi bigahenduka kurenza mu Rwanda kuko u Burundi butifuza mu misoro ihanitse, bigatuma ubuzima bwaho bworoha.
Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Imari (MINECOFIN), Dr Uwera Claudine, yatangaje ko amavugurura yakozwe ku misoro agamije korohereza abasora, ariko bikazanateza imbere igihugu. Nyamara akomeje kwibagirwa ko RRA iri mu nshingano ze iregwa n’abacuruzi arenga miliyoni 900 FRW iki kigo kishyuje abacuruzi muri TVA kandi bavuga ko batayinjije, harimo n’abatararanguye.
Ni ibintu bikwiye kwamaganwa na buri wese kubona Leta y’agatsiko ka FPR ihora itangiza ibigega by’amamiliyari n’amamiliyari, ariko umuturage agakomeza kusahurwa no gukeneshwa. Ibi rero nta kundi byakemuka uretse igihe Abanyarwanda aho bari hose bazaba bahagurukiye “Impinduramatwara Gacanzigo”, kuko ari yo izatuma Abanyarwanda biyubakira igihugu kibabereye, gitekanye, igihugu kizira ibinyoma n’akarengane, igihugu cyimakaza ukuri no kubahiriza uburenganzira bwa muntu, igihugu kizira intambara umunyarwanda arwana n’undi. Iki nicyo gihugu Abanyarwanda baraga ababakomokaho bakagenda bazi ko batabasize mu kaga ka FPR.
Remezo Rodriguez