Yanditswe na Ahirwe Karoli
IGITUTU CYABAYE CYINSHI, U RWANDA MU NZIRA ZO KUREKURA PAUL RUSESABAGINA
Mu gihe u Rwanda rukomeje guhangana n’igitutu mpuzamahanga cyo gutanga ubutabera buboneye muri rusange no kurekura impirimbanyi y’uburenganzira bwa muntu, Paul Rusesabagina, Perezida Paul Kagame bwa mbere yaciye amarenga ko agiye kumurekura, agasubira mu buzima busanzwe. Perezida Kagame avuga ko hari ibiganiro ku bijyanye n’icyifuzo cyakunze gutangwa n’amahanga cyo guha imbabazi no kurekura Paul Rusesabagina wakatiwe gufungwa imyaka 25, akavuga ko u Rwanda rwanababariye abatari babikwiye.
Kuba abona ko Paul Rusesabagina akwiye kurekurwa, Perezida Kagame yabitangaje mu kiganiro cyihariye yagiranye n’Umunyamakuru Steve Clemons, usanzwe akorera ikinyamakuru Semafor, mu bikorwa by’Ihuriro ry’Umutekano rizwi nka Global Security Forum ryatangiye kuri uyu wa Mbere, tariki ya 13 Werurwe 2023, i Doha muri Qatar. Steve Clemons wasasiye ikibazo cye avuga ko u Rwanda ari kimwe mu Bihugu bifite izina rikomeye mu ruhando mpuzamahanga, ariko nanone rukaba rwaragarutsweho cyane ubwo rwafungaga Paul Rusesabagina uzwi kuri Film Hotel Rwanda yamukozweho akanayihererwa igihembo. Uyu munyamakuru yabwiye Perezida Kagame ko Rusesabagina yakoze ibyaha bikomeye kandi ko agomba kubibazwa kimwe n’abandi bose babihuriyeho, ariko ko yifuza kumenya niba hari impinduka zaba zarabayeho.
Perezida Paul Kagame yagize ati: «Icyo nabivugaho ni uko hari ibiriho bikorwa kuri byo, ntabwo turi abantu bashobora gutsimbarara ngo twifungire ahantu runaka ngo tureke kuba twatera intambwe igana imbere ku mpamvu iyo ari yo yose.»
Ibihugu birimo Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, byakunze gusaba u Rwanda kurekura Paul Rusesabagina, ariko rwo rugasubiza ko ibyo bidashoboka kuko uyu mugabo ari kimwe n’abandi bantu 20 baregwaga hamwe. Muri iki kiganiro cyihariye Perezida Kagame yagiranye n’uyu munyamakuru Steve Clemons, yakomeje avuga ko muri ibyo biriho bikorwa kuri iyi ngingo yo kubabarira Rusesabagina, atari bishya mu Rwanda kuko mu mateka yarwo hari benshi bagiye bahabwa imbabazi barakoze ibyaha binyuranye.
Ati: «Nk’uko ubizi urebye no mu mateka yacu twahoze dushaka uburyo twajya imbere tugakomeza inzira itugeza ku byiza, hari aho twageze tubabarira n’abatari bakwiye kubabarirwa. Uko ni na ko abantu bagize uruhare muri jenoside ndetse n’ibindi, benshi muri bo bagiye bagaruka mu buzima busanzwe. Ntabwo dukunze kubohwa n’amateka yacu.»
Perezida Kagame yongeyeho ati: «Hari ibiganiro biriho bikorwa harebwa inzira zose zishoboka zigamije gukemura icyo kibazo hatabayeho kunyuranya n’amahame yacyo kandi ndizera ko bizatanga umusaruro mwiza.»
Paul Rusesabagina afungiye i Kigali kuva muri Kanama 2020, nyuma yo gushimutwa akisanga ku kibuga cy’indege cya Kigali, aho yahise atabwa muri yombi n’Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Ubushinjacyaha, RIB. Muri Nzeri 2021 yakatiwe imyaka 25 y’igifungo n’Urugereko rwihariye rw’Urukiko Rukuru ruburanisha ibyaha mpuzamahanga n’ibyambukiranya imipaka, nyuma yo kumuhamya ibyaha bifitanye isano n’iterabwoba rikomoka ku bitero byagabwe na MRCD-FLN yagabye mu bice birimo i Nyabimata mu Karere ka Nyaruguru no muri Nyungwe mu Karere ka Nyamagabe mu mwaka wa 2018 na 2019. Muri Mata 2022, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwagumishijeho icyo gihano ariko Rusesabagina yari yarivanye mu rubanza avuga ko nta butabera yizeye. Ibi rero bikunda kugarukwaho n’abashinjwa ibyaha binyuranye mu nkiko zo mu Rwanda.
Kugeza ubu kugira ngo Rusesabagina ahabwe imbabazi bisaba ko ari we ubwe ugomba gufata iya mbere akazisaba Perezida Kagame, hakaba rero hibazwa niba azazisaba kuko yikuye mu rubanza atizeye ubutabera.
Kuva Rusesabagina yakwisanga i Kigali ibihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika yageze mu Rwanda aturukamo, ibihugu by’i Burayi birimo u Bubiligi, ndetse n’imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, ntibahwemye kotsa u Rwanda igitutu barusaba kumurekura; ku mpamvu z’uko yari afunze mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, none igitutu kibaye cyinshi kirashyize gica amarenga y’uko ashobora kurekurwa.
Perezida Kagame mu kiganiro cye na Clemons, yagaragaje ko kuba yababarira Rusesabagina akarekurwa atari igikuba cyaba gicitse mu gihe cyose byaba bikozwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko. Mu magambo ye ati: «Hari akazi gakomeje gukorwa mu rwego rwo kuvana mu nzira ikibazo cy’uriya mugabo wamenyekanye cyane kubera film mbarankuru yiswe Hotel Rwanda imuvuga imyato.»
Iyi rero ni inkuru nziza ku mpiribanyi za demokarasi n’uburenganzira bwa muntu, kumva ko igihe kigeze ngo agatsiko kari ku butegetsi i Kigali kemere ko kafungiye ubusa Paul Rusesabagina, kabe kamufungura, asubire mu buzima busanzwe, kuko ku mugani wa Perezida Kagame hari abagome bakoze amahano mu Rwanda, mu bihe bitandukanye ariko baba bari aho bidegembya nkanswe Rusesabagina washakaga impinduka. Kuba rero hari abapfuye ntabwo bikuraho ko Kagame yakwibuka abo yagiye yica aho yanyuze hose, haba mu rugamba yarwanye kuva mu 1990 kugeza mu 1994, n’abandi yagiye yica kuva afashe ubutegetsi, kugeza na n’uyu munsi bakirimo kwicwa kandi ntihagire ubihanirwa ngo ubutabera butangwe.
Ntabwo ari ikibazo cya Paul Rusesabagina gusa cyugarije ububanyi n’amahanga bw’u Rwanda kuko rwongeye gushinjwa n’u Bufaransa ko rwinjira muri RD Congo kandi bitemewe. Uhagarariye u Bufaransa muri ONU, Nicolas de Rivière, ari mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru yashinje ku mugaragaro ko u Rwanda rutera inkunga umutwe wa M23 muri RD Congo, aho rutanga intwaro rukoherezayo n’ingabo rwihishwa.
Mu kiganiro abagize Akanama gashinzwe Umutekano muri ONU (UN Security Council) bagiranye n’abanyamakuru, nyuma yo kurangiza urugendo bari bamazemo iminsi itatu muri RD Congo, uhagarariye u Bufaransa muri ONU, Nicolas de Rivière, yashinje atarya iminwa u Rwanda ko hamwe no gufasha umutwe wa M23, rurenzaho rukohereza ingabo zarwo kurwana ku ruhande rw’uyu mutwe w’inyeshyamba.
Si ubwa mbere u Bufaransa bushinje u Rwanda bushinje u Rwanda gufasha umutwe wa M23, ariko waba uyu mutwe, yaba na Leta y’u Rwanda, ntibahwema kubihakana. Kuri iki kirego cy’u Bufaransa ntacyo ubutegetsi bwa Kigali burakivugaho.
Mu rugendo aherutse kugirira muri RD Congo, Perezida w’u Bufaransa Emmanuel Macron, nawe yatunze urutoki u Rwanda ku buryo bweruye. Muri iki kiganiro, Nicolas de Rivière yagize ati: «Ntibikigombera ubuhanga bwinshi ngo isi yose ibone ko u Rwanda rutera inkunga umutwe wa M23. Bimaze kugaragara neza ko hari ingabo z’u Rwanda zinjira muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru rwihishwa, kandi ntibyemewe.»
De Rivière yashimangiye ko ari ngombwa ko abategetsi b’umutwe wa M23 bafatirwa ibihano. Ati: « Mu ngingo zirimo gufatwa harimo kongera igitsure ku bategetsi ba M23. Ni uburyo buzakomeza kandi twiyemeje kubukurikiza.»
Mu cyumweru gishize, ku wa 07 Werurwe 2023, umutwe wa M23 watangaje ko uhagaritse intambara, ariko kugeza magingo aya intambara iracyaca ibintu muri Kivu ya Ruguru. Impande zombi – umutwe wa M23 hamwe n’ingabo za Leta ya Congo – zikomeza kwitana bamwana, aho buri ruhande rushinja urundi kurenga ku masezerano yo guhagarika intambara.
Kuva umutwe wa M23 wakubura imirwano mu mpera za 2021, umaze kwigarurira uturere twinshi two muri Territoires za Rutshuru na Masisi, mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru. Kugeza uyu munsi, ibikorwa n’abategetsi bo mu karere ntacyo birageraho mu kugarura ituze muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, agace kamaze imyaka irenga 27 mu mirwano, kandi ahanini ugasanga nta wundi uri inyuma y’umutekano muke uretse Paul Kagame.
Mu kwanzura rero dusanga Paul Rusesabagina akwiye kurekurwa agakomeza ibikorwa bye nk’impirimbanyi y’uburenganzira bwa muntu, hakibandwa cyane ku guha agaciro ubuzima bw’abantu 1,268 yarokoye muri Hôtel des Mille Collines yayoboraga mu gihe cya jenoside. Ku ba nta wahungabanyijwe cyangwa ngo yicwe mu bo yahishe ntakwiye kubyiturwa afungirwa mu mwobo wa Mageragere, ahubwo akwiye kugororerwa, akarekurwa, agasanga umuryango we, ukamushajisha neza, akamenya ko igihugu kimuha agaciro.
Birakwiye ko Paul Rusesabagina arekurwa akongera guhura n’umuryango we uhangayikishijwe cyane n’ubuzima bwe, ndetse akongera agahura na Don Cheadle wakinnye yitwa Rusesabagina muri film ya Hollywood yiswe Hotel Rwanda, hakerekanwa ukuntu aba 1,268 barokowe na Rusesabagina nyir’izina.
Bitabaye ibyo FPR yaba ikomeje gushyira u Rwanda mu kaga, aho yaba iruteranya n’amahanga kuko rwaba rwanze kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga y’uburenganzira bwa muntu dore ko agatsiko kari ku butegetsi kiyemereye ko kamushimuse akava Texas aziko agiye mu Burundi ariko akisanga abashimusi bamugejeje i Kigali, agatangira inzira y’umusaraba arimo kugeza na magingo aya aho ubuzima bukomeza kumucika.
Birakwiye kandi ko amahanga akomeza igitutu ku Rwanda kugira ngo ruvane ingabo zarwo muri RD Congo kuko nta wundi uri inyuma y’umutekano muke uharangwa uretse Paul Kagame n’agatsiko ke, bahora iteka batera inkunga imitwe yitwaje intwaro muri RD Congo kugira ungo umutekano ube muke babone uko bisahurira umutungo kamere wiganjemo amabuye y’agaciro aboneka muri kariya gace.
Ahirwe Karoli