Yanditswe na Mutimukeye Constance
Muri iyi minsi haravugwa intambara muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru mu karere ka Rutshuru . Ingabo za Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, les FARDC, zikaba zishinja umutwe wa M23 kuba ariwo wateye ibitero. M23 yarabihakanye ndetse nu u Rwanda, rukekwa ho ko abateye ariho baturutse, rwatangaje ko nta kaboko rufite muri ibyo bitero.
Kuri uyi munsi hakaba havugwa ko intambara hagati ya FARDC na M23, yatumye abaturage bagera ku bihumbi 11 bahunga berekeza muri Uganda. Muribo abagera ku bihumbi 8 bambutse ku umupaka wa Bunagana naho abagera ku bihumbi 3 bakambukira ku umupaka wa Kisoro.
Uyu munsi nanone Jean-Jacques Wondo Omanyundu, yatangaje ku urubuga rwe rwa Twitter ko, ubushakashatsi bucukumbuye bwa Afridesc.org, urubuga nyunguranabitekerezo, rukurikirana hafi intambara zo muri Kongo, bwerekanye ko ibiturage bya Chanzu na Runyoni byatewe n’igice cya M23 kiyobowe na JM Runiga nu uwiyise Jenerali Baudouin Ngaruye, bahungiye mu Rwanda kandi ko rubashyigikiye. Ibyo bitero bikaba byari bigamije gupima imbaraga z’uburwanyi bw’ingabo zabo. Intore zitangiye kumwibasira ko abeshya, yasubije ko afite ibimenyetso simusiga byerakana ko abateye ari ingabo za Runiga na Ngaruye binjiye baturutse ku urundi ruhande rwi inkombe zi imisozi iri hagati y’u Rwanda na RDC. Yashimangiye ko u Rwanda ruri inyuma yibyo bitero kandi ko mu minsi iri mbere hazakurikiraho RDC-Renové nayo ishyigikiwe nu u Rwanda.
Runiga
Kagame arikeka iki mu ntambara ya M23? Ni uruhe ruhare u Rwanda ruyititemo?
Ibitero bikaba byarabaye mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 8/11/2021 nkuko byatangajwe ni ibinyamakuru byinshi cyane cyane ibyo R.D.Congo. Ngo habyutse humvikana ko inyeshyamba zo mu mutwe wa M23 zateye muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, mu bice bya Chanzu na Runyoni muri Rutshuru. Abantu bahise bagwa mu kantu kuko intambara ivugwamo uyu mutwe yaherukaga kumvikana mu ri 2003, ubwo ingabo zawo zatsindwaga zigahungira mu Rwanda no muri Uganda.
Ku itariki ya 23/03/2009, inyeshyamba zahoze muri CNDP (Congrès National de Défense du Peuple) zasinye amasezerano yo guhagarika intambara, ndetse CNDP ihita ihinduka ishyaka rya Politiki, ndetse rihabwa imyanya muri guverinoma. Icyo gihe igice cya gisirikare cy’iri shyaka cyahise kinjizwa mu ngabo za R.D.Congo FARDC (Forcées Armées de la République Démocratique du Congo). U Rwanda ntirwabyishimira !
Nyuma y’igihe gito izahoze ari inyeshyamba za CNDP zagiranye ubwumvikane buke, ahanini zigaya imyanya zahawe n’ibigo zashyizwemo zavugaga ko biri kure y’imiryango yazo. Ubwo bwumvikane buke bwenyegejwe na Perezida w’u Rwanda Paul Kagame, cyane cyane ko abenshi muri izo nyeshyamba bari bararwanye muri RDF. Kagame yabyuririyeho maze abasaba kwitandukanya na FARDC bagashinga umutwe wihariye. Uyu mutwe wahise ufata izina rijyanye n’itariki wasinyiyeho amasezerano ariyo 23/03/2009, maze witwa Umutwe wo ku wa 23 Werurwe (Mouvement du 23 Mars/The March 23 Movement) bise M23 mu mpine. Ingabo zihita ziyoborwa, ku ruhande rwa gisirikare na Général Makenga Sultani naho Bishop Jean-Marie Runiga Lugerero, wahoze muri CNDP, ayobora M23 ku ruhande rwa politiki, bashyizweho n’u Rwanda.
Intambara ya M23 na FARDC, mu 2012 yateje impunzi nyinshi ndetse ku wa 20/11/2012, M23 ifata umujyi wa Goma utuwe n’abaturage barenga 1,000,000. Icyo gihe Inama Mpuzamahanga ku Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari (ICGLR) yasabye M23 kuva mu mujyi wa Goma, ukagenzurwa n’Ingabo z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, hagatangirwa ibiganiro byo guhagarika intambara, ariko ntibyateye kabiri FARDC yisubiza Goma nta mirwano.
Ubu uyu munsi, igice cya gisirikare cya M23 kiracyayobowe na Général Sultani Makenga naho Bertrand Bisimwa ni Perezida wa M23. Imirwano iheruka ya M23 yatangiye ku wa 04/04/2012 irangira ku wa 07/11/2013. Icyo gihe yarangijwe no gutsindwa abasirikare ba M23 bahungira mu Rwanda na Uganda.
Raporo zitandukanye z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye zagiye zishinja u Rwanda gushinga no kuyobora M23. U Rwanda, ku gitutu cy’amahanga, rwavuze ko ruretse gufasha M23 mu 2013, ndetse ingabo z’u Rwanda (RDF) ziva mu mirwano, M23 ihita itsindwa n’ingabo za FARDC zifatanyije n’Ingabo z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye.
Izi ngabo rero nyuma y’imyaka 8 zongeye kubura umutwe maze, kuri iki cyumweru, tariki ya 07/11/2021, zitera Kivu y’Amajyaruguru ziturutse ku mupaka wa Bunagana, uhuriwe na R.D.Congo, Uganda n’u Rwanda. Zibanda muri Rutshuru. Twibutse ko Teritwari za Masisi na Rutshuru ari uduce twagiye duturwa n’Abanyarwanda bijyanyeyo kuko hari mu Rwanda, ndetse n’abandi bajyanyweyo n’abakoloni mu byiswe MIB (Mission de l’Immigration des Banyarwanda).
Aba rero ntibagiye boroherana ku buryo byumvikanaga ko M23 iyobowe na Général Sultani Makenga w’i Masisi nta handi bari kubanza igitero uretse muri Rutshuru.
Abahoze bagize umutwe wa M23 bashinja Perezida Félix Tshisekedi ko yananiwe kubahiriza amasezerano ya Nairobi, yagezweho ku bwa Joseph Kabila wamubanjirije agamije guhagarika intambara wari watangije. Muri ayo masezerano byateganywaga ko abahoze muri uwo mutwe bahabwa imbabazi, imfungwa zikarekurwa n’impunzi zigatahuka. Byateganywaga kandi ko ibyemeranyijwe byose bishyirwa mu bikorwa maze M23 igahagarika gukora nk’inyeshyamba ahubwo ikavamo umutwe wa politiki wemewe. Uyu mutwe uvuga ko nta kintu na kimwe cyubahirijwe, ahubwo ko ushobora gusubukura urugamba ndetse ugasatira umujyi wa Goma. Ni umujyi n’ubundi M23 yigeze gufata mu mwaka wa 2012, uwuvamo mu 2013, nyuma uratatana ukwira imishwaro. Icyo gihe byari bitewe n’uko amahanga yahatiye u Rwanda kureka gufasha M23. Rwarabiretse ?
Kuri iki Cyumweru ambasade ya Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika i Kinshasa yari yaburiye abaturage bayo ko hari amakuru ko hashobora kuba igitero i Goma. Umutekano wakajijwe mu mujyi. Mu byo basabwe harimo kwirinda kujya ahantu hakoraniye abantu benshi kandi bagakomeza gukurikirana uko amakuru agenda ahindagurika. Hari amakuru ko kuva mu ijoro ryo kuri iki Cyumweru abarwanyi bahanganye n’abasirikare bake ba Leta bahasanze, bakabirukana. Byatumye abantu benshi batuye mu byaro bya Jomba muri Rutshuru bahunga, bamwe bakomereza muri Rutshuru hagati abandi berekeza muri Uganda, ndetse ngo yabemereye kwinjira. Ibi rero nta kuntu byari gushimisha u Rwanda kuko rumenyereye gucuruza impunzi. Rwababaye.
Ikinyamakuru ACTUALITE.CD cyatangaje ko Umuyobozi w’imiryango itari iya Leta ikorera muri Bunagana, Damien Sebusanane, yavuze ko “muri Bunagana hatuje uretse ingendo z’abantu bakomeje kwambuka umupaka, binjira muri Uganda yabemereye gukomeza.” Yongeye ho ati “hari imodoka nyinshi ku mupaka zitegereje kureba ko ibintu byahinduka.” Iki ni icyizere adafitiye gihamya !
Ibi bitero bibaye mu gihe Intara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru iri mu bihe bidasanzwe guhera muri Gicurasi, aho umutekano wakajijwe ndetse intara zihabwa ba guverineri b’abasirikare, ariko ntibiratanga umusaruro ufatika.
Ayobangira Safari, umudepite uhagarariye Masisi muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, yabwiye BBC Gahuzamiryango ko ibikorwa by’inyeshyamba bimaze iminsi biri mu burasirazuba bwa DR Congo ari
« ingaruka za gahunda yo gusubiza abari abarwanyi mu buzima busanzwe cyangwa mu ngabo, idakora neza ». Yongeyeho ko nta kintu cyakozwe mu gufasha abavuye mu mitwe y’inyeshamba, aboneraho gusaba Leta kwita kuri iki kibazo, inyeshyamba zigafashwa gusubira mu buzima busanzwe. Bizagerwaho se ?
Ubuyobozi bwa M23 bwo bwakomeje kumvikana buhakana iki gitero. Mu itangazo M23 yasohoye ejobundi kuwa mbere tariki ya 08/11/2021, yavuze ko imaze umwaka mu biganiro na R. D. Congo kugira ngo ibibazo abahoze ari abarwanyi bafite bikemuke mu mahoro. Inavuga ko mu gihe ibiganiro bigikomeje itakubura imirwano. Iryo tangazo risoza risaba ingabo za FARDC kwirukana imitwe yitwaje intwaro itagenzurwa na Leta muri Rutshuru.
Icyatunguye abantu ni uko ejo kuwa, tariki ya 09/11/2021, Ingabo z’u Rwanda, RDF, zasohoye itangazo ryitandukanya n’ibitero bya M23. Ibi rero byatumye abasesenguzi bibaza bati « ko M23 yahakanye ibitero byo muri Rutshuru, kuki Kagame yitanguranwe akavuga ngo yitandukanyije nabyo » ? Ese ubu bwoba ni ubw’iki ko nta wamushyize mu majwi, uru rwikekwe ruva kuki ? Ese aho si nka wa mwana wiba isukari, wamubaza akabihakana kandi imugaragara ku ntoki no ku munwa ? Ese ko umupaka wa Bunagana uhuza ibihugu bitatu, kuki u Rwanda rwiketse amabinga ? aho ntiruyarwaye ? Ese niba u Rwanda rwaratangije umushinga wa M23 aho ntirwababajwe n’uko umushinga ugiye kungukira Uganda, u Rwanda rukaburiramo ?
Ese Bizimungu wo muri RDC azakomeza kuba gisekera mwanzi ?
Constance Mutimukeye