Yanditswe na Manzi Uwayo Fabrice
Imiryango itandukanye iharanira Uburenganzira bwa Muntu y’i Burayi yasabye Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi (European Union) guhagarika inkunga uha igisirikare cy’u Rwanda, igishinja gufasha umutwe wa M23. Mu ibaruwa ifunguye, iyo miryango yasabye EU kwamagana ku mugaragaro, kandi ikomeje, ubufatanye bwose n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, by’umwihariko ubufasha u Rwanda ruha M23.
Ibivugwa n’iyi miryango bije byiyongera ku busabe bw’ibihugu bikomeye birimo Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, Ubufaransa, Ubudage na Espagne biheruka gusaba ko u Rwanda ruhagarika gufasha M23 ubu ugenzura igice kinini mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, ndetse bimwe muri ibi bihugu bikatura, bigasaba M23 guhagarika ubwicanyi bwibasira abasivili, ikihatira kuva mu bice yafashe, no gusubira mu birindiro yahozemo. Ibi bihugu byose bishishikariza u Rwanda na M23 kubahiriza amasezerano ya Luanda na Nairobi. Ntako Leta ya Kagame itagize ngo isaze imigeri ihakana ibi birego, kugeza ubwo isohoye amatangazo atakagiza M23, ariko byose byabaye imfabusa, ku gitutu cy’ibihugu by’ibihangange, hiyongereyeho imiryango itandukanye ikorera ku mugabane w’Uburayi, yasabye Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi guhagarika inkunga iyo ari yo yose ugenera igisirikare cy’u Rwanda kubera uruhare rwacyo mu guhungabanya umutekano wa RDC. Iyi miryango ivuga ko icyo gitutu ku Rwanda gishobora “kugira uruhare ” mu guhagarika aya makimbirane nk’uko byagenze mu 2012 na 2013, ubwo Kagame yavugaga imvugo zo guhakana ubufasha aha M23, bisa neza n’ibyo avuga uyu munsi, ariko yirengagiza ko intebe y’ikinyoma iticabwaho kabiri. Burya si buno birazwi!
Ibaruwa yo ku wa kabiri y’iriya miryango irimo isanzwe izwi cyane nka FIDH (Fédération Internationale pour les Droits Humains) na FIACAT (Fédération Internationale des ACAT) ivuga ko ibibera muri Ukraine “bidakwiye kurangaza EU ” ntiyite ku yandi makimbirane mu isi. Iyi miryango yagize iti: « Twe n’abafatanyikorwa bacu bo muri Congo dutewe impungenge no kuba EU iheruka guha inkunga igisirikare cy’u Rwanda ya miliyoni 20 z’Amayero yo gufasha ibikorwa byo kurwanya iterabwoba mu majyaruguru ya Mozambique, mu Ntara ya Cabo Delgado, hagashimirwa ko abasirikare barenga 2,500 b’u Rwanda, ko bananije ibyihebe, bafatanyije n’ingabo za SADC ». Gusa na none iyi miryango yongeraho ko ibabajwe n’uko icyo gisirikare gifashwa na EU, ari nacyo kirimo gufasha inyeshyamba za M23, kandi ko iyo nkunga itera gukemanga ukuri kw’ibikorwa bya EU bigamije amahoro mu Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari. Iyi miryango isanga inkunga EU yatanze igamije kurinda inyungu za TotalEnergies y’Abafaransa muri Mozambique, akaba ariyo mpamvu ikomeye yo gutera inkunga u Rwanda.
BBC yatangaje iyi nkuru ntirabona gihamya yo guhuza inkunga ya EU ku Rwanda no kurwana ku nyungu za TotalEnergies y’Abafaransa, ariko uwasesengura wese yabona ko intego nyamukuru yajyanye u Rwanda muri Cabo Delgado itari ukurwanya ibyihebe, ahubwo ari ukurengera inyungu z’ubukungu za Mpatsibihugu. Iyi miryango y’i Burayi ivuga ko kugaruka kwa M23 kudakwiye kwibagiza indi mitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorera ku butaka bwa RDC, nayo ikora ibikorwa bibi birimo n’ubwicanyi ku baturage b’abasivili bakomeje kwicwa. Iyi miryango isaba gushingira ku mateka yo muri 2012, u Rwanda rugahagarikirwa inkunga, ndetse n’abantu ku giti cyabo bafite uruhare mu makimbirane abera mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC bagafatirwa ibihano bikomeye. Nyamara ikibabaje kurusha ibindi byose ni uko Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi (EU) wimye amatwi ubu busabe, ahubwo wakataje mu guha izindi nkunga u Rwanda, kandi ubizi neza ko izi nkunga zigurwa intwaro zo kujya kwatsa umuriro muri RDC no kwica abaturage b’abasivili, ibintu bidakwiye ku muryango nk’uyu nguyu, unavuga ko ko uharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu hirya no hino ku isi. Byaba rero biteye agahinda EU ikomeje kwima amatwi ubu busabe, igakomeza gutera inkunga u Rwanda kandi ibizi neza ko bidaciye mu kuri.
Urugero rufatika ni urwatangajwe n’umuzindaro wa Leta ya Kagame, Igihe.com, mu nkuru yo ku wa 22/12/2022, yavugaga ko Ambasaderi w’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi mu Rwanda, Belén Calvo Uyarra yavuze ko uyu muryango uzakomeza gushimangira ubufatanye n’imikoranire myiza mu gufasha u Rwanda kugera ku ntego yo kugira ubukungu buciriritse mu 2035. Iki nacyo ni icyuka nka Vision 2020. Ni ibyo yatangaje kuri uyu wa 21/12/2022, ubwo yaganiraga n’itangazamakuru nyuma yo kwakirwa na Perezida w’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko, Umutwe w’Abadepite, Mukabalisa Donatille. Aba bombi bahuriye mu cyumba cy’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko mu biganiro byitabiriwe na ba Visi Perezida b’Umutwe w’Abadepite , Edda Mukabagwiza na Sheikh Musa Fazil Harerimana, aba bose ni inkomamashyi zabigize umwuga. U Rwanda ruvuga ko rwifuza kugira ubukungu buciriritse mu 2035 kandi rukaba rwateye imbere mu 2050 mu gihe ubukungu bwaba bwihuta ku kigero cya 10%. Rwifuza ko umunyarwanda yazaba yinjiza 4,036 $ mu 2035, akazaba yinjiza 12,476 $ ku mwaka, ni ukuvuga asaga miliyoni 13 FRW ku mwaka, mu 2050, avuye kuri 921.7 $, arengaho gato ibihumbi 970 FRW, mu mibare itangwa muri uyu mwaka wa 2022.
Nyamara twe tubibona nk’itekinika u Rwanda rukinga mu maso ya IMF, WB, EU n’abandi, rukeka ko baruha amafaranga maze bose bagakurikira buhumyi, bibagiwe ko icyitwa Vision 2020 cyabaye icyuka kikarangira gityo. Ntibanabona kandi ko gukomeza gutsindagira 2035 bishingiye kuko Perezida Kagame yihaye uburyo bwo kugundira ubutegetsi, abinyujije mu gutobatoba Itegeko Nshinga, rimuha uburenganzira bwo gutegeka kugeza mu 2034. Ntitwabura kandi kwibutsa ko Tharcisse Karugarama warwanyije iri tobanga ry’Itegeko Nshinga, nk’uko yabyitaga, aherutse kugongeshwa igikamyo mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Imana ikinga akaboko. Ubu tuba tuvuga ibindi. Uyu wahoze ari Minisitiri w’Ubutabera yari yishwe mu cyumweru gishize nk’uko Assinapol Rwigara yishwe, ariko impanuka ikimara kuba, abapolisi baje kumuhorahoza, basanga abaturage bamuhungishije kare, abicanyi bakama ikimasa, babura intama n’intama n’ibyuma, bataha bimyiza imoso. Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi wirengagiza aka karengane kose gakorwa na Leta ya Kagame, maze ugakomeza kuyitera inkunga, nk’iherutse gutangwa ya miliyoni 20 z’Amayero yo gutera inkunga igisirikare cy’u Rwanda muri Cabo Delgado, binyuze mu kigega cy’uwo muryango gishinzwe gutera inkunga ibikorwa by’amahoro cyizwi nka European Peace Facility, u Rwanda runavuga ko rwakiriye neza, nk’uko Dr. Vincent Biruta, Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Rwanda yabitangaje. Ninde ku isi yise utazi ibibera muri RDC ? Nyamara isi izi nkunga zikoreshwa iki? Ese EU isubira inyuma mu by’ukuri ikajya kureba niba inkunga yateye u Rwanda yarakoreshejwe icyo yagomba gukora? Aho si ha handi usanga ibikorwa remezo bigasenyuka bigitawa, kuko igice kinini cy’amafaranga aba yashiriye ku ma comptes ya FPR no mu mifuka y’abambari bayo? Ubu se aka kanya twibagiwe inkuru ya Hanga News, yo ku wa 21/12/2022, yahawe umutwe ugira uti: «Gatsibo: Baravuga ko bahawe amavomo atagira amazi»? Iyi nkuru yavugaga ko abaturage batuye mu Tugari twa Rwarenga na Bushobora, mu Murenge wa Remera, Akarere ka Gatsibo, bavuga ko amazi bahawe bari bayitezeho igisubizo cy’ingendo ndende bakoraga bajya kuvoma kure, nyamara ayo mazi akaba nta gisubizo yatanze kuko amavomo yayo afunze kubera ko nta mazi azamo. Aba baturage bakavuga ko amezi atanu amazi kwirenga, kuva yatahwa ku mugaragaro, amazi yajyanye n’abashyitsi bakuru kugeza n’uyu munsi.
Aya mazi yari yahawe abaturage mu mushinga watewe inkunga na EU, ushyirwa mu bikorwa n’Akarere ka Gatsibo, kahaye isoko kompanyi yitwa MLFM, itari isanzwe ibaho, aho yashinzwe n’abambari ba FPR, kugira ngo birire ku ifaranga rya EU, nibarangiza abaturage babeshywe umunsi umwe basubire uko bari bameze. Uyu mushinga wagombaga kugeza amazi mu Mirenge ya Remera, Muhura, Murambi na Gasange yo muri Gatsibo, aya mazi agafatirwa ku muyoboro wa Rwandabarasa-Muhura wubatswe n’Abadage mu 1988. Gusa si ko byagenze: Umushinga watangiye mu Tugari twa Rwarenga na Bushobora two mu Murenge wa Remera, ndetse bivugwa ko urangiye umurikirwa uwari Ambasaderi wa EU mu Rwanda, Nicola Bellomo, mu kwa Gicurasi 2022. Uyu yagiranye ikiganiro na Kigali Today yishimira uyu mushinga.
Ku wa 18/05/2022 nibwo Nicola Bellomo yari ashoje ikivi cye mu Rwanda, maze ku wa 08/06/2022, ari i Buruseli mu Bubiligi, Umuyobozi Mukuru (High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy) muri EU, Josep Borrell, atangaza abahagarariye EU mu bihugu 31 bitandukanye, ariko bakazemezwa neza ariko ibihugu boherejwemo byemeye kubakira, nk’uko bigenda ku ba diplomates bose. Muri aba 31 boherejwe guhagararira EU barimo Christiane Hohmann woherejwe muri Albania, yari asanzwe ari Ambasaderi w’Ubudage muri Estonia, aho yagiye avuye kubuhagarira muri Bosnia na Herzegovina. Harimo kandi Gabriel Visentin woherejwe muri Australia, Petra Pereyra woherejwe muri Botswana ariko akanahagarira EU mu bihugu bya SADC byose, ndetse na Jorge Toledo Albiñana woherejwe mu Bushinwa. Aba bose uko ari 31 ntitwabarondora ariko kuri iyo tariki ya 08/06/2022, Belén Calvo Uyarra yoherejwe mu Rwanda avuye mu Biro bya Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’amahanga wa Espagne, aho yari ashinzwe Afurika n’Ubufatanye mu Iterambere (responsible for Africa and Development Cooperation). Mbere yayoboye agashami gashinzwe politiki, ubwanditsi n’itangazamakuru mu biro by’uhagarariye EU muri Afurika y’Epfo. Belén Calvo Uyarra yatangiye imirimo ye mu Rwanda muri Nzeri 2022 ariko mu mishinga EU yateye inkunga mu Rwanda yabwiwe ko umushinga uwo yasimbuye, Nicola Bellomo, yasize atashye muri Gatsibo, mu Mirenge ya Remera, Muhura, Murambi na Gasange, warangiye, nyamara ntabwo byari ukuri kwari ugutekinika, kuko watashywe mu Tugari tubiri, Rwarenga na Bushobora tw’Umurenge wa Remera gusa, naho baheruka amazi muri Kamena 2022 nyuma y’iminsi mikeya uwo mushinga utashywe. Ngiyo EU mu Rwanda!
Nyamara mu gihe muri Gatsibo babeshywe amazi bakubakirwa amavomero y’umurimbo, Abanyarwanda batandukanye barimo abanyagatsibo, babashije kwirya bakimara ngo bihangire umurimo, uyu munsi bararira ayo kwarika nyuma y’aho Rwanda Revenue Authority (RRA) ikubise ibigufuri ku maduka yabo muri Kigali. Inkuru dukesha Hanga News yo ku wa 22/12/2022, yahawe umutwe ugira uti : « Kigali: Bamwe mu bacuruzi batangiye gufungirwa kubera kudakoresha imashini z’inyemezabuguzi (EBM) », yavugaga ko kuri uyu wa Gatatu, tariki ya 21/12/2022, RRA yazindukiye mu bikorwa byo gufungira amaduka abacuruzi no kubaca amafaranga maze isaruza arenga miliyoni 300 FRW. Ku ikubitiro, abacuruzi bagera ku 10 nibo bafungiwe amaduka yabo. N’igikorwa cyarimo abakozi b’icyo kigo na Polisi. Umucuruzi wabaga agiye gufungirwa yasabwaga kwinjiza ibicuruzwa bye, bagahita bashyiraho itangazo rivuga ngo “Aha hafunzwe n’ikigo cy’imisoro n’amahoro kubera kudakoresha uburyo bw’ikorabuhanga .” Abacuruzi bafungiwe, bagaragaje akababaro kenshi ku buryo batifuzaga kuvugisha itangazamakuru. Kandi ni mu gihe bamwe babaga baragurishije imitungo yabo mu cyaro bakajya gucururiza mu mujyi, abandi babaga baragwatirije ibyabo byose kugira ngo bahabwe ibguzanyo mu mabanki ya FPR. Ikibabaje cyane ni uko hari bamwe bavuze ko ari akagambane kuko hafungiwe abatanze ingwate muri Banki ya Kigali (BK), abazifashe mu zindi nka COGEBANK, I&M Bank, EQUITY, KCB n’izindi bo ntibafungirwe. Bakavuga ko izindi banki zitajya zihutira guhemukira abakiliya bazo batanze ingwate kuko bitegereza inkiko, mu gihe muri BK, bafite abahesha b’inkiko bahita bateza cyamunara badategereje ko imanza zirangira. Ubu aba bafungiwe bakanacibwa amafaranga bagiye guhita bafungwa, bazafungurwe cyamunara yararangiye kera, nyamara tukirirwa turirimba ngo muri 2035, umuturage azaba yinjiza 4,036 $, aba se binjizaga angahe? Ibi byo kuvuga ayo abaturage bazaba binjiza ku mwaka mu myaka runaka ni ikinyoma gitereye aho. Komiseri Jean Paulin Uwitonze, ushinzwe amahōro avuga ko abadashaka gukoresha EBM ari urwitwazo kuko Leta yamaze igihe yigisha iyi gahunda. Si abacuruzi bonyine bagaragaje ko batarabona iyi mashini cyangwa batazi no kuyikoresha, gusa n’abaguzi bagaragaje ko bataramenyera gusaba iyi fagitire. Nyamara ntibyabujije abambari ba FPR kubafungira no kubaca amafaranga atagira ingano. Abaturage batandukanye bibaza ufite inyungu mu gukoresha izi mashini akamubura uretse igitugu cya FPR. Ngibyo ibyo EU ifasha!
Ubusabe bw’Imiryango yo mu Burayi bwo guhagarikira inkunga Leta ya Kagame kubera guhonyora uburenganzira bwa muntu, ariko bikaba byarirengagijwe, nta wundi bifiteho ingaruka mbi uretse umunyarwanda wo hasi, wahoraga ahatana ngo ashake imibereho.
Bigaragaza ko iki kiswe European Peace Facility ari icyuka kigamije kurangaza Abanyafurika n’isi yose muri rusange kigamije kurengera inyungu za Mpatsibihugu nk’uko miliyoni 20 z’Amayero zahawe igisirikare cy’u Rwanda kugira ngo gikomeze kibungabunge inyungu za TotalEnergies y’Abafaransa muri Mozambique. Udashaka kubibona ni uwirengagiza kuko ibimenyetso ari byinshi cyane, kandi na none udashaka kubimenya ni izindi mpamvu yihariye. Gukomeza kubiceceka ni ikibazo gikomeye kuko bigumisha benshi mu mwijima. Kuba EU yarasabwe guhagarika inkunga yageneraga u Rwanda ahubwo bugacya Belén Calvo Uyarra aza gutanga izindi ni agahinda gakomeye ku gihugu gikomeza guhungabanya umutekano w’ibihugu by’abaturanyi, cyane cyane amakimbirane arimo guca ibintu mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC n’ahandi. Kugeza uyu munsi ibihugu by’ibihangange birimo Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, Ubufaransa, Ubudage, Espagne n’ibindi byamaze kubona ko nyirabayazana w’ibibazo bihora mu Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari ari Paul Kagame, nyamara EU igakomeza kubyirengagiza, biragaragaza ko bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi kuko ibihugu byinshi bishobora kwivana muri uyu muryango, bigakurikira Ubwongereza bwivanyemo ku bushake.
Twihanganishije abakomeje gupfira mu miryane yo muri RDC yashowemo n’u Rwanda, ndetse n’abaturage bo muri Gatsibo babeshywe amazi ya EU, tutaretse abacuruzi b’i Kigali biriye bakimara ariko bakaba bashowe mu bukene na FPR, hitwajwe gusa ngo ntibatanga inyemezabwishyu bakoresheje ikoranabuhanga nk’aho bo banze kwishyurwa. Ikinyoma cya FPR gikomeje guca isi mo kabiri niba bamwe batangiye kukimushyigikiramo.
Manzi Uwayo Fabrice