Yanditswe na Remezo Rodriguez
Ikigo gishinzwe Mine, Peteroli na Gaze mu Rwanda (RMB) cyatangaje ko mu mezi icyenda ya mbere y’umwaka wa 2022, ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro bwinjirije u Rwanda miliyoni 585$ (arenga miliyari 631 FRW). Ni imibare yatangajwe ku wa Mbere tariki 5 Ukuboza mu 2022, ubwo hatangizwaga icyumweru cyahariwe ubucukuzi. Uyu muhango ubaye ku nshuro ya gatanu witabiriwe na Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr. Edouard Ngirente ndetse n’Umuyobozi Mukuru wa RMB, Amb. Yamina Karitanyi.
Amb. Karitanyi yavuze ko iki cyumweru cyashyizweho kugira ngo abari mu rwego rw’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro bahurire hamwe baganire ku buryo aka kazi karushaho gukorwa neza kakagira uruhare mu iterambere ry’igihugu. Ati: «Umusaruro w’amabuye y’agaciro acukurwa mu Rwanda arimo gasegereti, coltan, tungsten na zahabu ukomeje kwiyongera». Nyamara se zahabu icukurwa hehe?
Icyahise gitungura abantu ni uko yavuze ko umusaruro wiyongereye ariko ntiyerekana aho acukurwa, nyamara aho uyu musaruro ukomoka harisobanura cyane kuko nta handi uretse mu burasirazuba bwa RD Congo, aho amakamyo ahengera igicuku kinishye akarara apakirwa, akazanwa mu Rwanda agasukwa mu birombe byasizwe n’Ababiligi, ubundi mu gitondo agashyirwaho ibirango (tags) byerekana ko yacukuwe ku butaka bw’u Rwanda akajya gutunganyirizwa i Kigali, aho avanwa agemurwa mu mahanga, bikitwa ko avuye mu Rwanda kandi ari ikinyoma cyambaye ubusa. Ibi bimaze kuba isanzwe nka misa ya mbere!
Ntibishobora gusobanuka uko umusaruro w’amabuye y’agaciro wikuba ari uko muri Congo havuzwe intambara zorohereza abasirikare ba Kagame kujya gusahura umutungo w’icyo gihugu. Amb. Karitanyi yavuze ko mu 2020 amafaranga yavuye mu mabuye y’agaciro u Rwanda rwohereje mu mahanga yageze kuri miliyoni 733$ avuye kuri miliyoni 373.3$ zari zabonetse mu 2017, umwaka waranzwe no gutora Kagame kuri mandat ya gatatu, bigatuma ubusahuzi muri RD Congo bugabanuka.
Yakomeje avuga ko n’ubwo mu 2021 umusaruro wabaye mubi, ukamanuka ukagera kuri miliyoni 516$, umwaka wa 2022 utanga icyizere kuko mu mezi icyenda uru rwego rwinjije arenga miliyoni 585$. Ibi rero bikaba ari ikimenyetso simusiga ko intambara yo muri RDC irimo gutanga umusaruro kuri Kagame n’agatsiko ke, dore ko mu 2019, mu Rwanda hubatswe uruganda rushobora gutunganya toni 6 za zahabu mu kwezi.
Uru rero ni uruganda rwubatswe nyuma y’aho urundi rwari rumaze kubakwa mu bugande, kandi izi zose nta handi zari gukura umusaruro uretse muri RDC. Iyo rero uko u Rwanda rwirata uko umusaruro wagiye wiyongera muri iyi myaka itandatu ubona ko nta yindi mpamvu ituma rwumva guhagarara kw’intambara zabaye karande mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC rukababwa, ndetse bigahinduka inkuru yo kwamaganira kure.
Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana uko umusaruro wagiye wiyongera uko muri RDC birushaho kudogera:
Umwaka Umusaruro (Muri Miliyoni $)
2015 140
2016 332.9
2017 373.3
2018 551
2019 412.6
2020 733
2021 516
2022 (Amezi 9 abanza) 585
Icyitonderwa: Imibare imwe yatangajwe na RMB indi itangazwa na NISR.
Igikomeza gutungurana muri iyi mibare yose ni uko usanga ibi bigo byombi bivuga ko umusaruro munini wavuye muri zahabu, nyamara nta kirombe cyayo na kimwe kibarizwa mu Rwanda. Aho zahabu y’imbuzakurahira yavaga itarenga 5 Kg mu kwezi mu mugezi wa Mukaka uhuza Umurenge wa Rukozo muri Rulindo, uwa Ruhunde muri Burera n’uwa Miyove muri Gicumbi. Ahandi hari zahabu ni muri Parc National ya Nyungwe, kandi kuva yashyirwa mu mutungo w’isi (propriété de l’UNESCO) ntihongeye gucukurwa.
Aya makuru yizewe rero agaragaza ko nta handi hacukurwa zahabu mu Rwanda, bivuze ko itunganyirizwa mu ruganda rwa Gatsata yose iba yaturutse muri RD Congo, kuko hari ahandi icukurwa haba hazwi neza.
Abahanga mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro bagaragaza ko ubutaka bw’u Rwanda bugabanyijemo ibice bitanu bibonekamo amabuye y’agaciro :
(1) Igice cya mbere ni mu misozi ikikije Nyabarongo ku gice cy’Iburengerazuba, igizwe n’Isunzu (Crête) rya Congo-Nil mu Turere twa Karongi, Ngororero na Rutsiro ;
(2) Igice cya kabiri ni imisozi ikikije Nyabarongo ku gice cy’Iburasirazuba, igizwe na Contreforts de la Crête Congo-Nil, iherereye mu Turere twa Nyamagabe, Huye, Nyanza, Ruhango, Muhanga, Gakenke, Rulindo, Nyarugenge na Gasabo ;
(3) Igice cya gatatu ni Ibibaya by’Iburasirazuba byuzuyemo ibiyaga (Cuvettes lacustres de l’Est) biherereye mu Turere twa Bugesera, Rwamagana, Kayonza na Ngoma ;
(4) Igice cya kane kigizwe n’Imisozi Miremire (Hautes Terres) ya Buberuka iri mu Turere twa Rulindo, Burera na Gicumbi ;
(5) Igice cya Gatanu kigizwe n’Ikibaya cya Bugarama muri Rusizi.
Muri rusange mu bice bitatu bibanza habonekamo amabuye yitwa 3Ts (Tantalum, Tin, Tungsten), akomoka kuri Coltan, Gasegereti na Wolfram, kandi ikizwi ni uko aya mabuye abarwa kuri tantale atajya aturana na zahabu. Bivuze ko ubwo zahabu yaba icukurwa mu gice cya kane n’icya gatanu kandi icya gatanu nacyo kibonekamo 3Ts zitakwemera guturana na zahabu.
Icyo rero ibi bisobanuye ni uko zahabu yaba iva mu mugezi wa Mukaka aho Gicumbi ihurira na Burera na Rulindo ntishobora gutanga toni 6 za zahabu zitunganywa mu ruganda rwa Kagame ruri mu Gatsata. Aho ava utari umwana wese arahumva, kuko ntabwo wavuga ko mu myaka itanu wacuruje zahabu yavuyemo miliyari 1.4 $, nk’uko NISR ibitangaza, kandi nta kirombe na kimwe werekana cyavamo ako kayabo kose.
Mu kwanzura rero twavuga ko akayabo kava muri aya mabuye y’agaciro, nk’uko rapports zitandukanye zitangazwa n’ibigo bya FPR birimo RMB na NISR, ari yo mvano ikomeye ituma Kagame yumva kuva muri RD Congo akababwa. Yatinyuka gute se kuvanayo ingabo ze kandi yarubatse uruganda rutunganya zahabu nta kirombe na kimwe gihari kivamo iyo zahabu ?
Iyo urebye izi rapports zose usanga zivuga ko mu Rwanda hari sosiyete 158 zicukura amabuye y’agaciro, ariko washaka aho zicukura ukahabura. Ibigo by’ubucukuzi binini biri ku rwego rwa Concessions birimo Rutongo Mines Concession, Gatumba Mining Concession na Rwinkwavu Mining Concession byarapfapfanye. Uretse Rutongo yahagaritse imirimo ibindi bigo bibiri Gatumba na Rwinkwavu byagabanyijwemo uduce twinshi duhabwa abambari ba FPR bacukura 3Ts mu buryo bwa gakondo bigatuma 60% by’umusaruro birangirira muri Nyabarongo cyangwa mu Kagera, bene byo babona ntacyo bazahemba abakozi bakayoboka RD Congo.
Mu busesenguzi bwacu rero dusanga uko byagenda kose Kagame azakomeza guteza amakimbirane mu Burasirazuba bwa RD Congo kuko azi icyo avanayo. Si n’aya mabuye y’agaciro gusa amukurura kuko avanayo imitungo kamere itagira ingano yiganjemo ibiti bibazwamo imbaho z’igiciro kinini n’ibindi. Aha rero niho ruzingiye kuko gutekereza ko byoroshye ngo Kagame aha amahoro RD Congo bikiri kure nk’ukwezi.
Remezo Rodriguez