Yanditswe na Manzi Uwayo Fabrice
Mu Rwanda, raporo zinyuranye, cyane cyane izikorwa n’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi cyangwa Transparency International-Rwanda, zikunze kugaragaza ko inzego zakabaye zifata iya mbere mu kurwanya akarengane na ruswa, nazo ubwazo zokamwe n’ubu bumara, mu myanya y’imbere. Inzego zikunze kugaruka muri raporo zose ni iz’ubutabera, bumwe bwamaze kuba ubutareba, guhera mu Bugenzacyaha, mu Bushinjacyaha, mu Nkiko, kugeza mu ma Gereza, aho ruswa yamaze kurenga ikigero gishobora kwihanganirwa.
Ruswa na none yongera kugaragara cyane mu nzego z’imirimo ya Leta, aho kubona ibyangombwa, akazi cyangwa amasoko n’izindi services abaturage bakenera bihinduka ingorabahizi, iyo ukeneye kimwe muri ibyo adatanze ruswa. Ibi birarenga bikagera kuri ruswa ishingiye ku gitsina noneho bigahinduka agahomamunwa.
Ku butegetsi bwa FPR byarushijeho kuba bibi cyane, kuko raporo zitandukanye, zishyira inzego z’umutekano mu myanya ya mbere, bigatuma abaturage bahora bibaza aho bazerekeza, kuko inzego zamunzwe na ruswa kurusha izindi iri izakabaye ziyirwanya. Biravugwa byo kwiyerurutsa, ariko ibintu bigakomeza kudogera.
Mu cyegeranyo giheruka cyakozwe na Transparency International, Ishami ry’u Rwanda, byagaragaye ko mu nzego 3 za mbere, zigaragaramo ruswa cyane, muri iki gihe harimo RIB na POLICE, hakiyongeraho n’inzego z’abikorera. Ni nyuma gato y’aho Perezida Kagame, yari yatangarije muri Congrès ya FPR yo muri Mata 2022, ko ruswa yamaze gusesera mu nzego z’umutekano, avuga ko hari abagore babona amapeti babanje gusambana n’abayabasabira, cyangwa abagabo bagacibwa amafarangango bazamurwe, bitaba ibyo bakazahera hasi bidakwiye. Ibi byafashwe nko kwiyerurutsa kuko abizi neza kuri undi munyarwanda wese.
Nk’aho izi nzego zakabyumvise, ahubwo wagira ngo yari azishumurije abaturage, kuko hirya no hino mu bice binyuranye by’igihugu, abaturage bakomeje kumvikana batabaza, bavuga ko akarengane na ruswa bibageze ku buce, kugeza ubwo hari n’abatangiye guhunga igihugu, kubera guhozwa ku nkeke, basabwa ruswa.
Ingero ni nyinshi, ariko turabahitiramo rumwe, atari uko rwavuzwe cyane, ahubwo kugira ngo turwifashishe mu gushishikariza abaturage kudakomeza kurebera amabi, ahubwo bagakomeza kugaragaza aka karengane kugira ngo abagakora bakorwe n’isoni, ahari amaherezo bazageraho bakazibukira. Ariko se isoni barazigira?
Abaturage batandukanye bo mu Karere ka Rubavu, Intara y’Iburengerazuba, bagaragaje ko abapolisi bo muri aka Karere babarembeje babaka ruswa ubudahwema. Amakuru dukesha Radio Ijwi ry’Amerika, yabasuye, abaturage bumvikana, batakamba, batabaza, bavuza induru, bateza ubwega, bavuga ko niba Leta itabatabaye abapolisi, babarembeje, babaka ruswa, bazava mu gihugu bakakibasigira, bakajya kwangara mu mahanga.
Abaturage bo muri aka Karere babonye umunyamakuru maze baramukikiza bamubwira akarengane bakorerwa n’abapolisi, ibaca ruswa ya hato na hato, ariko byagera ku bashaka impushya zo gutwara ibinyabiziga ho bikaba akarusho, dore ko hari n’abatsindishwa ibizamini ku bushake, cyane iyo bagaragara nk’abafite amafaranga, kugira bayatange, babashe kubona izo mpushya, abandi bagahitamo gukoresha izo muri RD Congo, nyamara nazo zirabahendesha kuko zihenda cyane, kandi zikamara imyaka itanu gusa.
Bamwe mu baganiriye na Gloria Tuyishime, umunyamakuru w’Ijwi ry’Amerika, kuri uyu wa Gatatu, tariki ya 22/12/2022, bamubwiye ko gutsindira uruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga, ruzwi nka Permis de Conduire cyangwa Driving License, udatanze ruswa bigoye cyane. Bavuga ko Polisi y’u Rwanda, Ishami rishinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda (Traffic Police) ari naryo rishinzwe rishinzwe gukoresha ibizami, bityo bakinubira ko aba bapolisi barya ruswa ku rwego rwo hejuru, ku buryo iyo ugiye gukora ikizamini bakubwira utsinzwe, bikaba rimwe, bikaba kabiri, inshuro zaba nyinshi, ushaka uruhushya akazibwiriza akabareba, akabaha ruswa, kandi itubutse, bakabona kumwemerera ko atsinze. Bakabona rero ko nta kindi kibatinza uretse ruswa.
Umwe mu batwara moto mu Karere ka Rubavu yagize ati: «Iyo utatanze ruswa ntutsinda. Hatsinda abatazi gutwara ibinyabiziga, kuko batanze akantu, ababizi bagataha amara masa. Akenshi abapolisi bategera kuri démarrage kuko ariho abakora ibizamini batabona uko barega ngo barenganurwe». Yongeyeho ko rwose bimaze kuba umuco uzwi na bose ko utatanze ruswa atsindwa. Undi yagize ati: «Maze gukora inshuro zirenga umunani, kandi ikizamini kiba rimwe mu mwaka, bivuze ko maze imyaka 8 niruka kuri permis, ariko narayibuze». Yongeyeho ati: «Umupolisi yanyibiye ibanga ko niba ntatanze akantu gatubutse nzahora mu ngendo, njya gukorera mu tundi Turere, ariko naho nagezeyo nsanga ari uko. Ni ikibazo ubuyobozi bukuru bw’igihugu bukwiye guhagurukira, niba atari ibyo tuzakurikira abandi bagiye gushakira imibereho mu mahanga».
Uretse aba basabwa amafaranga ngo babone impushya, hari n’abasunikirwa kujya kuzishaka muri RD Congo baturanye, bazibona bagahozwa ku nkeke basabwa gutanga ruswa kugira ngo zidafatirwa mu gihe zitarahinduzwa ngo babone izo mu Rwanda. Uwo Radio Ijwi ry’Amerika yahimbye Mugabo avuga ko kugira ngo ushaka permis ayibone aba agomba gutanga amafaranga ari hagati y’ibihumbi 300 n’ibihumbi
500 FRW, ariko ko ngo ashobora kwikuba iyo uyatanze, uwo wayahaye ntaze gukoresha ibizamini, akoherezwa kubikoresha ahandi, ukaba uhuye n’uruva gusenya, ibyo we yita “gushya ”.
Undi Ijwi ry’Amerika yahimbye Sindiheba, ku mpamvu z’umutekano we, yavuze ko atibuka umubare w’amafaranga yahaye abapolisi ashaka catégorie B. Yagize ati: «Kugira ngo nsindire uru ruhushya byansabye kwiyuha akuya, kuko byansabye kuzenguruka Uturere twose nshakisha aho banca makeya. Ayo nakoresheje mu ngendo, sinyibuka, ariko nyuma y’imyaka itandatu niruka, natanze ibihumbi 500 FRW, ngiye gukora, umupolisi anyereka ikimenyetso cy’urutoki rw’igikumwe yatunze hejuru, menya ko nyibonye kuko ari we nari nahaye amafaranga».
Uyu Sindiheba akomeza avuga ko umubare munini w’abakora ibizamini, wanarenga 60%, ari ababona impushya biciye muri ubwo buryo, agatabaza Leta gushyira urwego rwihariye rushinzwe kugenza ibyaha bya ruswa muri Traffic police, kuko ivuza ubuhuha, kandi iyo hagize uregwa ko yayatswe, baramuhindukirana bakavuga ko ari we wayitanze, agafungwa, ku buryo nta watinyuka kurega umupolisi aho ari ho hose.
Undi yagize ati: «Kwiga imodoka bitwara amafaranga agera mu bihumbi 100 FRW, kwimenyereza nabyo ntibijya munsi y’ibihumbi 50 FRW. Kwiyandikisha no kujya ahakorerwa ibizamini nabyo bitwara amafaranga, ariko iyo uhageze utagize icyo uha abapolisi, rwose utaha amara masa».
Umuvugizi wa Polisi, CP Jean Bosco Kabera, avuga ko nta mananiza aba mu gushaka gukorera impushya zo gutwara ibinyabiziga, ariko ntahakana ko hari bacye bacyaka ruswa, akavuga ko bagiye kugihagurukira. Uyu muvugizi akura ikibazo ku bapolisi baka ruswa, agashyira ku baturage baza gukora ibizamini basa n’abagerageza, akavuga ko bagomba kubanza kwiga, bakabona kujya gukora ibizamini.
Abajijwe ku bagura impushya muri RD Congo, aho bivugwa ko bazigura amadolari 100 y’Amerika mu buryo bworoshye ariko rukamara imyaka 5 gusa, yavuze ko adashobora kumenya imibare, ko ahubwo bagiye gukangurira abazifite bagahinduza, bakabona izo mu Rwanda, ariko yigizaga nkana kuko azi ko bitakunda.
Mu cyegeranyo cya Transparency International-Rwanda, cyasohotse mu cyumweru gishize, Polisi yashyizwe ku mwanya wa kabiri mu kurya ruswa, aho kuri Annual Bribe Index, Polisi yari ifite 8 nk’ikigereranyo, nyuma y’Urwego rw’Abikorera, PSF, rufite 10 naho RIB iba iya 3 ku kigereranyo cya 7. Ibi rero birababaje cyane kuko inzego zishinzwe kurwanya ruswa ari zo zisubira inyuma zikayirya kurusha izindi zose zamunzwe na ruswa.
Mu kwanzura iyi nkuru rero twababwira ko aga gahinda abaturage barimo, bagatewe na ruswa bakwa n’abapolisi gateye isesemi, mu gihe u Rwanda rushimirwa kuba rwarakataje mu kurwanya ruswa, aho rwashyizwe ku mwanya wa 49 ku isi n’uwa 5 muri Afurika, ariko wagera mu gihugu, ugasanga abaturage bararira ayo kwarika. Ibi rero byerekana ko imibare itangwa ari rya tekinika rya FPR yagize umwuga.
Manzi Uwayo Fabrice