Yanditswe na Mutimukeye Constance
Itsinda ry’impuguke kuri Repubulica Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo riherutse gutanga raporo yazo y’igihembwe cya mbere aho zemeza ko Kagame na Goverinoma ye barenze amategeko bakohereza ingabo za RDF k’ubutaka bwa Kongo nubwo bakomeje kubihakana. Muri iyo raporo iri mu mpapuro 201 haravugwamo abafire uruhare bose mu kwibasira uburenganzira bwa muntu muri RDC aho buri kwezi abaturage bicyo gihugu bapfa amahanga arebera. Ijisho ry’Abaryankuna ryasomye iyo raporo ribavaniramo ibyavuzwe ku Rwanda.
Ku i tariki ya 23 Ukuboza 2020, itsinda ry’impuguke[1] kuri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo ryandikiye ibaruwa Perezida w’akanama k’umuryango w’abibumbye gashinzwe umutekano ku isi.
Iryo tsinda nyuma yo kwibutsa ko manda yabo yongerewe hashingiwe ku cyemezo cy’inama ishinzwe umutekano 2528 (2020) ryishimiye gutanga raporo yayo y’igihembwe nkuko igika cya 4 cyiyo manda kibisaba.
Iyo raporo yari k’umugereka wiyo baruwa yahawe Komite y’Inama ishinzwe umutekano, yashyizweho hashingiwe ku cyemezo (resolution) 1533 (2004) cyerekeye Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, ku ya 23 Ugushyingo 2020 noneho iza gusuzumwa na Komite ku I tariki ya 3 Ukuboza 2020. Impuguke mu ibaruwa zabwiye akanama gashinzwe umutekano ku isi ko zizashimishwa nuko iyo baruwa na raporo bizagezwa ku bagize akanama gashinzwe umutekano kandi bigatangwa nk’inyandiko y’Inama njyanama.
Ibivugwa ku Rwanda umuntu abisanga ku igika D cyiyo raporo gifite umutwe ugira uti : “Ingabo z’u Rwanda (RDF) zabonetse ku butaka bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo”.
Iryo tsinda ry’impuguke rivuga ko ryasuzumye ibimenyetso ntakuka haba ibyegeranyo (documentary) cyangwa amafoto ndetse n’amashusho yo mu kirere, kandi bakanavugana n’amasooko 20 kubyerekeranye nuko ingabo z’u Rwanda (RDF) zaba zarageze k’ubutaka bwa Kongo kuva mu mpera za 2019 kugeza mu Kwakira 2020 muri Kivu yo majyaruguru.
Kimwe mu bimenyetso ryatanze ni ibaruwa yo ku ya 22 Mata 2020, aho umuyobozi mukuru wa FARDC yareze uko kuba kw’ ingabo za RDF muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, aregera umuyobozi w’inama mpuzamahanga ku karere k’ibiyaga bigari (ICGLR), urwego rushinze kugenzuraumutekano mu buryo bwaguye. Iyo baruwa yavugaga ko mu ntangiriro zuko kwezi ingabo za RDF zarenze ku mategeko zikambuka umupaka uri hagati y’u Rwanda na Demokarasi ya Kongo zikubaka ibirindiro byazo i Kabara, mu karere ka Nyiragongo, muri Kivu ya majyaruguru.
Uko kuba mu turere twa Nyiragongo, Rutshuru na Masisi kwizo ingabo z’u Rwanda byemejwe n’abashinzwe umutekano (Isooko MONUSCO), abahoze ari abarwanyi ba FDLR, abanyamuryango ba sosiyete sivile n’abashakashatsi. Mu zindi ngero izo mpuguke zatanze harimo uko ku ya 20 Ukwakira 2020, ingabo 60 za RDF zitwaje imbunda 18 za ‘PKM (machin guns)’ hamwe na ‘Rocket propelled za grenade’ 4 zagaragaye ku musozi wa Romero, mu karere ka Rutshuru. Kandi nanone Ingabo za RDF zinjiye mu gace ka Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo hafi y’i Kabara. Abahoze ari abarwanyi babiri ba FDLR basobanuye ko nyuma yo gufatirwa i Goma muri Gashyantare 2019 na FARDC, bimuriwe mu kigo cya demobilisation i Mutobo, mu Rwanda aho abayobozi ba RDF babegereye ngo babohereze mu butumwa i Giseguru, mu ntara ya Rutshuru. Inshingano zabo mu kwezi k’ Ukwakira 2019 zari izo kuyobora ingabo za RDF mu birindiro bya FDLR.
Impuguke zabonye ifoto yerekana umuntu uzwi ku izina rya FARDC rya Colonel Claude Rusimbi hamwe n’ingabo 13 za RDF yafashwe mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 2020. Ku mabwiriza ya Jenerali Gahizi, Colonel Rusimbi yari ashinzwe guhuza FARDC n’ingabo za RDF zishinzwe ibikorwa muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, nk’uko byatangajwe n’umukozi wa FARDC, abashakashatsi, abashinzwe umutekano, MONUSCO n’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta.
Mu ibaruwa Leta y’ U Rwanda yandikiye impuguke mu gusubiza ibibazo byazo, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yavuze ko nta ngabo z’u Rwanda ziri ku butaka bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo kandi yongera gushimangira ko nta bikorwa byaba iby’ubufatanye cyangwa inkunga hagati ya RDF na FARDC. Abategetsi ba Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo bari batarasubiza impuguke mu gihe cy’itegurwa cy’ibaruwa.
Inkunga n’uruhare rugaragara rw’ingabo za RDF mu bikorwa bya gisirikare byibasiye imitwe yitwaje intwaro muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo bitamenyeshejwe Komite, hakurikijwe igika cya 5 cy’icyemezo 1807 (2008), nk’uko kivugururwa n’ingingo ya 1 y’icyemezo 2293 (2016) n’ingingo ya 1 y’icyemezo 2528 (2020), izo mpuguke zivuga ko ari ukurenga ku mategeko (constitutes a violation of the sanctions regime.)
Icyo impuguke zisaba u Rwanda
Itsinda rirasaba ko Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yakomeza ingufu mu kurinda umutekano ku mipaka yarwo na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo no kubuza ingabo zayo kwinjira mu butaka bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo na / cyangwa gutanga inkunga kuri FARDC keretse yabanje kubimenyesha Komite hakurikijwe igika cya 5 cyicyemezo 1807 (2008), nkuko ryavuguruwe nigika cya 1 cyicyemezo 2293 (2016) nigika cya 1 cyicyemezo 2528 (2020) (reba paragarafu ya 36 –41).
Kuri uyu munsi nta mwanzuro akanama k’umuryango w’abibumbye gashinzwe umutekano ku isi karatangaza kuri iyi raporo ariko ibinyoma bya Kagame na FPR ye birasa nkibyahagurukiwe hirya no hino ku isi.
Constance MUTIMUKEYE
[1] https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N20/329/42/PDF/N2032942.pdf?OpenElement
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