Yanditswe na Manzi Uwayo Fabrice
Ku gicamunsi cyo kuri uyu wa Kane, tariki ya 09 Mutarama 2025, Perezida w’u Rwanda, Paul Kagame, yagiranye ikiganiro n’abanyamakuru yari yatumiye agira ngo ababwire uko u Rwanda ruhagaze mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2025. Abanyamakuru bari bakubise baruzura, ariko byatunguranye hemerewe kubaza intoranywa nazo zibarizwa ku mitwe y’intoki barimo umunyamakuru wa RFI, uwa KT Press, uwa RadioTV10 n’uwa BTN TV, ubundi yiharira ijambo karahava. Umwanya munini yawumaze asobanura ibibazo yateje mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, yongera gushimangira imvugo y’uko amahanga ashaka gukemura atagihereye mu mizi, kuko kuri we abona imizi y’ikibazo ishingiye ku bufatanye bwa FARDC na FDLR aho kubona ko umutwe wa M23 ashyigikiye ari wo watangije intambara ikomeje guca ibintu muri aka karere kose kamaze gucura imiborogo.
Muri iki kiganiro Perezida Kagame yongeye gushimangira ko ikibazo cya M23 gishingiye ku Banyekongo b’Abatutsi bahuzwa n’u Rwanda, ikaba yarateye iturutse muri Uganda. Yavuze ko mu nama y’abaperezida bamusabye kubwira M23 igahagarika intambara ikiri muri Bunagana, arabikora, ariko mu gihe ngo ingabo za M23 ziteguraga kuhava zahise zigabwaho ibitero na FARDC zihitamo gukomeza intambara. Icyo atasobanuye ni ubufasha akomeje gutanga butuma abarwanyi b’uyu mutwe bakomeje kuyogoza akarere kose.
Abajijwe impamvu yanze kwitabira amasezerano ya Luanda yasubiyemo amananiza u Rwanda rwashyize kuri RDC ku munota wa nyuma wo kuyisaba kuganira na M23, mu gihe we adakozwa ibyo kuganira na FDLR. Nyamara ku ruhande rwa RDC ntiyigeze yanga kuganira na M23 ahubwo ivuga ko ikibazo cya M23 kimwe n’indi mitwe yose ibarizwa muri RDC kigomba kuganirirwa mu biganiro bya Nairobi kandi umuhuza Uhuru Kenyata yari yiteguye, akomwa mu nkokora na Kagame wanze kwitabira amasezerano ya Luanda yagombaga gusinywa ku wa 16 Ukuboza 2024. Nyamara yarenze avuga ko ibibazo bya RDC ari yo bireba aho guhora ibishyira ku Rwanda irushinja gushyigikira M23 ngo iteze akajagari ngo rubone urwaho rwo gusahura amabuye y’agaciro muri iki gihugu, akemeza ko kuba RDC idashaka gucyura impunzi z’Abanyekongo barenga ibihumbi 100 bari mu Rwanda ariho hakwiriye kureberwa ikibazo aho guhora bibaza impamvu ingabo z’u Rwanda ziri muri icyo gihugu, yongera no kunenga Umuryango w’Abibumbye, Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi n’uwa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe, avuga ko ihengamira kuri RDC igasaba u Rwanda kuvanayo ingabo zarwo.
Ibyavugiwe muri iki kiganiro ntabwo byatunguye abantu kuko mu minsi ibiri ishize, mu ijoro ryo ku wa Kabiri, tariki ya 7 Mutarama 2025, abinyujije ku rubuga nkoranyambaga rwa X, Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga n’Ubutwererane, Olivier Nduhungirehe yanenze ibihugu n’imiryango mpuzamahanga bikomeje gufata ibyemezo n’imyanzuro ihengamiye kuri RDC, byirengagije ukuri ku bijyanye n’impamvu z’ikibazo cy’umutekano muke kiri mu Burasirazuba bw’iki gihugu. Ibi yabitangaje asa n’usubiza itangazo riherutse gushyirwa hanze n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi (EU) ku bijyanye n’ikibazo cy’umutekano muke muri RDC, ndetse n’andi yagiye ashyirwa hanze mu bihe bitandukanye. Iri tangazo rya EU ryari riherutse gusohoka risaba umutwe wa M23 kurekura Umujyi wa Masisi uherutse gufata ndetse n’ibindi bice byose biwegereye.
Mu butumwa Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yashyize hanze, yavuze ko urebye aya matangazo ibi bihugu n’imiryango mpuzamahanga bishyira hanze, byihutira kwamagana M23, ariko bikirengagiza impamvu irwana. Yagize ati: “Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka nasomye amatangazo menshi y’ibihugu n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, yihutira kwamagana igikorwa M23 iherutse gukora cyo gufata igice cya Masisi. Menshi muri ayo matangazo yongeye gushinja u Rwanda gushyigikira M23, hakoreshejwe imvugo ibogamye inirengagiza ibintu, ivuga guhonyora ubusugire n’imbibi bya RDC.” Yakomeje avuga ko amahanga yirengagije ikibazo cya FDLR ndetse n’abacanshuro b’Abanyaburayi, Ingabo z’Abarundi zifasha FARDC, CMC Nyatura, Wazalendo n’indi mitwe yose irwanya M23 mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC. Ikindi Nduhungirehe yagarutseho ni uburyo aya matangazo y’amahanga yirengagiza ibijyanye no gukemura impamvu-muzi z’intambara iri kuba, yatewe no guhezwa kw’Abanyekongo b’Abatutsi, avuga ko bagizweho ingaruka n’imvugo z’urwango, kuvangurwa no kwicwa.
Perezida Kagame n’agatsiko ke bongeye kwikanga baringa kuko EU yokeje M23 n’u Rwanda igitutu, nyuma y’iminsi itatu ziriya nyeshyamba zigaruriye Centre ya Masisi iherereye mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru. Usibye uyu muryango, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na zo zunze mu ryawo zigaragaza ko ifatwa rya Masisi ridindiza ubushake bwagaragajwe mu gushaka ibisubizo bishingiye ku mahoro, ku bibazo biri mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC. Ibi rero akaba ari byo Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yise gukoresha imvugo ibogama ndetse no koroshya ibintu. Nduhungirehe yananenze EU n’ibihugu bitandukanye kuba nta n’umwe muri bo uvuga ku muzi w’amakimbirane yo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC ashingiye ku kuba Abanyekongo bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi bakomeje guhezwa, gutotezwa ndetse no kwibasirwa n’imvugo z’urwango; nyamara barisanze muri RDC kubera imipaka abakoloni b’Abanyaburayi bamaze imyaka irenga 100 baraciye.
Aha rero niho abakurikiranira hafi ibibera muri aka Karere bakomeje kwibaza niba ko u Rwanda ruharanira uburenganzira bw’Abanyakongo b’Abatutsi, ariko benshi muri bo bakemeza ko atari ibyo kuko mu bwicanyi M23/RDF itarobanura abo Batutsi ndetse no muri FARDC harimo abo Batutsi bagatanga urugero kuri Lt. Gen. Pacifique Masunzu uherutse kuvugisha benshi ubwo yagirwaga umuyobozi w’akarere ka 3 k’imirwano kagizwe n’Intara zirimo izo mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC. Nduhungirehe yashimangiye ko kwigaragaza neza, guhana umukono cyangwa gushyira ibirego ku Rwanda bisanzwe bikorwa n’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga atari byo bizakemura ibibazo byo muri Congo, ko ahubwo abona umuti w’amakimbirane ari muri iki gihugu ushingiye ku gushaka uburyo itoteza rikorerwa Abanyekongo bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi ryahagarara ndetse hakaburizwamo umugambi wa Perezida Tshisekedi wo guhungabanya umutekano w’u Rwanda ari byo byatuma amahoro agaruka mu karere. Ibi nabyo rero ni ukwikanga baringa ko nta kintu na kimwe kigaragaza ko RDC igiye gutera u Rwanda, kandi u Rwanda narwo rurabizi ko ari rwo Nyirabayazana w’ibi bibazo byose.
U Rwanda kandi rwari rwongeye kwikanga baringa ubwo rwavugaga ko rwamenye amakuru y’ubundi bufasha u Burundi bwahaye RDC. Ni nyuma y’uko Perezida wa RDC, Félix Tshisekedi yagiriye uruzinduko mu Burundi, tariki ya 22 Ukuboza 2024, ubwo yari akubutse muri Congo-Brazzaville, akakirwa na mugenzi we Evariste Ndayishimiye. Icyo gihe u Rwanda rwavuze ko umutwe wa M23 wamenye amakuru ko hahise hoherezwa amakamyo arenga 20 y’abandi basirikare b’u Burundi bagiye gufasha FARDC. Ibi rero ntibigaragazwa ukuntu u Rwanda ruhangayikishwa n’ubufatanye mu bya gisirikare hagati ya RDC n’u Burundi, mu gihe rwo rufite ingabo muri Sudani y’Epfo, RCA, Mozambique n’ahandi. Ese ko u Rwanda ruhakana ko nta ngabo rufite muri RDC kuki ruhangayikishwa n’uko iz’u Burundi zajyayo zikurikije amasezerano hagati y’ibihugu niba atari ukwikanga baringa? Kuba u Rwanda ruvugishwa aya Ndongo n’ubufasha buhabwa FARDC mu ntambara irwanamo na M23/RDF ni ikimenyetso simusiga ko ingabo z’u Rwanda ziri muri RDC rugahora rwikanga ko ruzaterwa.
Ibi kandi birimo kuba mu gihe mu Rwanda hateraniye inama y’inzego za gisirikare ziturutse mu bihugu bitatu ari byo u Rwanda, Uganda na Kenya, mu rwego rwo kwishyira hamwe kugira ngo ibi bihugu bihuriye ku Muhora wa Ruguru (Nothern Corridor Integration Projects Defence Cluster) bizatabare u Rwanda mu gihe ruzaba rutewe na RDC. Igihugu cya Sudani y’Epfo gisanzwe ari umunyamuryango ntikitabiriye iyi nama y’iminsi y’iminsi itatu, yatangiye kuri uyu wa Gatatu tariki ya 8 kugeza ku ya 10 Mutarama 2025. Iyi nama kandi ibanjirije iy’Abakuru b’Ibihugu iteganyijwe mu minsi iri imbere, ikaba iziga uko ibyo ibi bihugu byatabara u Rwanda mu gihe rwaterwa na RDC. Ibi nabyo bikaba ari ukwikanga baringa Perezida Kagame adasobanura.
Uku kwikanga baringa k’u Rwanda kandi bije mu gihe ifaranga ryarwo, irya Nigeria (naira), ndetse n’irya Malawi (kwacha) yashyizwe ku rutonde rw’amafaranga yitwaye nabi kurusha ayandi imbere y’amadorari ya Amerika mu 2024, nk’uko raporo ya Statista iheruka kubigaragaza, ikavuga ko byatewe n’ubusumbane bukabije mu bucuruzi, izamuka rikabije ry’ibiciro no kugabanuka kw’amafaranga y’amahanga mu gihugu.
FPR, WAZONZE ABANYARWANDA URAKABYA, GIRA WIGENDERE, NTITUZAGUKUMBURA
Manzi Uwayo Fabrice