Yanditswe na Umurungi Jeanne Gentille
Ntabwo ari ibintu bisanzwe ko Leta z’ibihugu zigamba amabi zakoreye abaturage babyo, ariko ibibera mu Rwanda ni agahomamunwa. Si rimwe si kabiri mu matwi y’abantu bumva Leta y’agatsiko ka FPR kari ku butegetsi i Kigali kigamba kwica abantu cyangwa kubafungira ubusa, ariko bigacira aho, nta nkurikizi n’imwe. Iyo witegereje neza ibibera mu Rwanda usanga bisa nk’aho ari ukwijijisha, ukabyemera bigamije kwigamba none bikaba birambiye Abanyarwanda, ku buryo uretse uwo bitamika, nta wundi wabyihanganira.
Nk’Ijisho ry’Abaryankuna ryiyemeje gukubitira ikinyoma ahakubuye n’ahakoropye, twayisemo kubaganiriza ku nkuru yabaye kimomo kugira ngo buri wese yumve ko ibyarambiye abandi nawe byamurambira, akabyamagana.
Kuri uyu wa 02 Gicurasi 2023 Abanyarwanda batandukanye bakubiswe n’inkuba ubwo Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta (Auditor General), Kamuhire Alexis, ubwo yagezaga ku Nteko Ishinga Amategeko, imitwe yombi, raporo ku mikoreshereze y’umutungo wa Leta mu mwaka warangiye ku wa 30 Kamena 2022. Muri ya raporo yavuzemo ubujura bwinshi burangajwe imbere na FPR n’abambari bayo yagiye abandagaza ku buryo nta wari uzi ko ari burare kuko yayimennye inda karahava. Muri rusange yagiye agaragaza umutungo wa rubanda wanyerejwe, wariwe cyangwa waburiwe irengero, abantu barumirwa bifata mapfubyi.
Nta kindi cyatumaga abaturage bifata impungenge ni uko ubujura bukomeje gufata indi ntera ku buryo hari ababihuza n’amarembera ya FPR yiyita « moteur ya gouvernement », ariko wabireba neza ugasanga nta kindi igamije uretse kuzuza amakonti yayo mu Rwanda no mu bindi bihugu bifatwa nka « paradis fiscaux ». Abanyarwanda batunguwe bikomeye no kumva Kamuhire Alexis atamaza FPR ko amafaranga yagombaga kubaka inyubako ya RURA (Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Agency), iri mu Kagari ka Kiyovu, Umurenge wa Muhima, mu Karere ka Nyarugenge, yakoreshejwe nabi kuko ayayubatse atariyo yagombaga kuyigendaho ahubwo yongereyeho ay’umurengera angana na miliyari 2.62 FRW, kandi izi nizo zimaze kumenyekana.
Mu 2022, binyuze mu kwezi kwiswe ko kwahariwe ibikorwa bya Polisi y’u Rwanda mu baturage, abaturage babeshywe ko hakozwe ibifite agaciro k’asaga miliyari 2 FRW, bakabeshya ko hari abubakiwe inzu 65, ariko hibajijwe aho izo nzu zubatswe harabura. Mu kinyoma gihambaye Polisi yavuze ko yishyuriye abaturage 2000 ubwisungane mu kwivuza (Mutuelle de santé ) bo mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’ubudehe, kandi bimenyerewe ko abari muri iki cyiciro bishyurirwa na Leta. Mu buryo bubabaje cyane Polisi yazanye inka enye mu modoka ngo zigabirwe abatishoboye, ariko bamaze kuzifotorezaho babwirwa ko zitatewe intanga, zirapakirwa zisubizwayo, abaturage barazitegereza barazibura, bituma ababirebera hafi babona ko atari ubwa mbere bikozwe. Muri izi miliyari 2 FRW Polisi yavugaga ko yacaniye ingo 7,500 hifashishijwe imirasire y’izuba, yubaka amarero n’ibindi bibeshyo byari bigamije kujijisha Abanyarwanda no kubakina ku mubyimba ko amashanyarazi aturuka ku mirasire y’izuba, uretse kwatsa amatara, adashobora no gutera ipasi ipantalo imwe.
Nyamara mu kanya nk’ako guhumbya Abanyarwanda bakubiswe n’inkuba bumvise ngo amafaranga nk’aya yatangajwe na Polisi ivuga ko yayakoresheje mu bikorwa ikorera abaturage niyo yiyongereye ku isoko ryo kubaka inyubako yagombaga gukorerwamo na RURA, asesagurwa uko biboneye, hasigara higambwa ku Banyarwanda. Ubwo Abanyarwanda benshi bakananirwa kubihuza : Ayakoreshejwe na Polisi ibikorwa ntibigaragare ndetse n’ayasesaguwe hubakwa ibiro bya RURA. Ibi rero byatumye tubakorera ubushakashatsi ngo twereke Abanyarwanda ibyo bahishwa bikarangira tubivumbuye kuko tutakwihanganira ibinyoma bya FPR. Ducukumbura twaje kuvumbura ko mu 2016 ari bwo RURA yasinye amasezerano n’ikigo cyitwa JV CRJJE- HYGEBAT yo kubaka icyicaro gikuru cyayo, amasezerano yari afite agaciro ka miliyari zirenga 27.7 FRW.
Ibi byabaye nta soko ritanzwe ariko uko FPR ikora birazwi, ubwo iryo soko ryari rihawe umwambari wayo, ariko mu kanya nk’ako guhumbya humvikana ko RURA yishyuye arenga miliyari 30 FRW ibintu biradogera. Ikindi twamenye ni uko amasezeranon yagenaga ko imirimo yagombaga kurangira mu myaka itatu uhereye igihe amasezerano yasinyiwe ni ukuvuga mu kwezi k’ Ugushyingo 2019, ariko amakuru dufitiye gihamya ni uko atari ko byagenze kuko aya masezerano yongereweho umwaka umwe bivuze kugeza mu kwezi k’Ukuboza 2020, imirimo y’ubwubatsi yari igeze kuri 83% mu gihe amasezerano yari yararangiye, bivuze ko uwubatse yagomba kongererwa andi mafaranga n’igihe kuko inyubako ya RURA yari yatangiye kwibazwaho. Ibi byatumye abakoraga ubugenzuzi bw’iyi nyubako basaba kongererwa amadolari y’Amerika angana cyangwa arenga ibihumbi magana atanu na mirongo itanu n’imisago (553,783$). Bitewe no kongera igihe cy’amasezerano byatumye ikiguzi cyayo cyiyongeraho miliyoni 71 FRW n’imisago mu gihe rwiyemezamirimo yari yaramaze kwishyurwa ikiguzi cyose cy’amasezerano. Hakibazwa rero uko yishyuwe atararangiza imirimo yo kubaka, na cyane cyane ko yari yarahawe isoko nta piganwa ribaye, bikomeza gutera urujijo kuri benshi.
Ni iki cyabaye mu by’ukuri ?
Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta, Kamuhire Alexis yagaragaje ko Urwego Ngenzuramikorere, RURA, rwakoresheje amafaranga y’umurengera mu kubaka icyicaro gikuru cyarwo, mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko kuko uwatanze isoko kuri rwiyemezamirimo umwe ari na we wasinyiraga kumwishyura. Kamuhire yatanze ingero nk’aho yagaragaje ko kwishyura umurengera byabaye ubwo hashakwaga ingwate yo kurangiza imirimo, hishyuwe 711, 567,473 FRW. Ubwabyo aya mafaranga yakubaka amashuri abana b’u Rwanda bakagabanyirizwa ubucucike. Umubare wa postes de santé zirimo se urangana iki ?
Ikindi giteye kwibaza ni uko hari amafaranga yishyuwe kabiri ku bikoresho byo kubaka, amazi, umuriro, umutekano n’ibindi by’ahubakwaga icyicaro gikuru kandi ibyo byarabazwe ku rutonde rw’imirimo izakorwa; ayo ni 1, 835,976,156 FRW. Aya yose se yishyuwe kabiri kubera ubuswa cyangwa ni bwa bujura bwa FPR ?
Nk’aho ibyo bitari bihagije RURA yongeye kwishyura imirimo itarakozwe, aho hishyuwe 74, 555,880 FRW. Ibi byose byagaragaye mu bugenzuzi bwakozwe n’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta. Akumiro karagwira!
Bisanzwe bimenyerewe ko inyubako nk’izi ndende, mbere yo kubakwa zibanza gukorerwa Inyingo Nsuzamangaruka ku Bidukikije (Environmental Impact Assessment-EIA), ariko kuri iyi nyubako byarirengagijwe, ahubwo byibukwa inyubako yaramaze kuzamurwa, nabyo bitwara andi mafaranga tutamenye umubare. Ubundi ubu ni ubujura bwagambiriwe kuko abasinye bose kuri nyubako bagakwiye kubibazwa.
Nyuma yo kubona ko EIA yirengagijwe hakozwe igishushanyo gishya bituma imirimo ihagarara umwaka wose ariko byanatumye ikiguzi cyari giteganyijwe kiyongeraho agera kuri miliyari enye z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (4,000,000,000 FRW) kubera ko ibikoresho bikenerwa muri ubu buryo bihita bitumbagira.
N’ubwo imirimo yo kubaka yagombaga kurangira muri Werurwe 2022, na n’ubu hari imirimo igikorwa, kandi uko ikorwa niko amafaranga aba akinyerezwa. Inyubako yagombaga kumara imyaka itatu (2016-2019) imaze imyaka irindwi ariko imisoro y’abaturage ikomeza kwisuka ku makonti utamenya ngo yanditse kuri nde.
RURA, akaboko k’iburyo mu bujura bwa FPR
Mu kiganiro cyaciye kuri Radio Rwanda na Radio Inteko, ku wa Kabiri, tariki ya 02/05/2023, hatangajwe ibidasanzwe mu bigo bya FPR, cyane cyane iyo kirimo amafaranga nka RURA, yayogoje rubanda ihereye ku batwara abantu kuri moto. Bigaragara ko uku kwizengurukaho nta kindi kitari ubujura buyogoje abaturage.
Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta, Kamuhire Alexis yabwiye abagize Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ko mu bindi bibazo basanze muri RURA harimo kudakurikiza amategeko agenga icungamari rya Leta. Yavuze ko RURA itateguye gahunda z’ibikorwa mu myaka itatu kandi ntiyigeze ishyikiriza Minisiteri y’Imari n’Igenamigambi (MINECOFIN), ingengo y’imari yayo nk’uko bisabwa n’itegeko. Ibi rero nta kindi biba bisobanuye uretse gupanga ubujura wabigambiriye warangiza ukanabyigamba, ugakina ku mubyimba abaturage baba baririye bakimara kugira bishyure imisoro yabo, yaba ku bushake cyangwa ku gahato.
Kamuhire ati : «Ibyo bituma amafaranga asaguka ku ngengo y’imari ya RURA atohererezwa MINECOFIN ngo ashyirwe mu ngengo y’imari ya Leta.» Avuga ko muri rusange nta mabwiriza ahari yerekana uko ingengo y’imari isaguka yohererezwa MINECOFIN. Ubwo se ayo basaguye ajyahe ?
Kamuhire yongeyeho ko ibyo byatumye RURA igira amafaranga yasagutse agera kuri miliyari 41.14 FRW
ku wa 30 Kamena 2022, ariko kugaragaza konti aya mafaranga ariho biracyari ihurizo ryabuze gisigura.
Depite Dr. Frank Habineza yagaragaje ko hari ibitagenda neza mu mikorere ya RURA kuko niba urwego rubitse amafaranga arenga miliyari 41 FRW, kandi yagakwiye kuba ari mu isanduku ya Leta, wabaza konti abitseho bakakubwira ko umucungamari ari mu bushinwa, wibaza amahoro y’ubu bujura ukabura igisubizo.
Ibyo kwiba amafaranga ya rubanda, abambari ba FPR bakabyemera, byamaze kurambira Abanyarwanda ku buryo batagishoboye kubyihanganira. Guhora Abanyarwanda bibwa imisoro yabo, Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta, Kamuhire Alexis yabazwa icyo urwego rwe rwakoze akavuga ko yasabye RURA kwicarana na MINECOFIN bagategura uburyo amafaranga isagura yajya yoherezwa mu kigega cya Leta ? Ibi se byo kujya inama ku mafaranga yariwe bimariye iki abaturarwanda ?
Abadepite badakorera abaturage ahubwo bakorera Kagame wabagabiye imyanya babazwa icyo bakoze kuri ubu bujura buhora bwigaragaza hirya no hino bati : «RURA yagiriwe inama zo kubahiriza ibiteganwa n’Itegeko Ngenga ryerekeye imari n’umutungo bya Leta.» Ibi se byungura iki rubanda ?
Kuri twebwe rero dusanga bikwiye guhindura isura, Abanyarwanda bakabyegereza umutima ku buryo basaba ko igihe Umugenzuzi w’Imari ya Leta, kuko ni umutungo w’abaturage, yajya ajya mu Nteko ishinga Amategeko yitwaje RIB n’abapolisi, kugira ngo uwo amafaranga aburiyeho yajya ahita atabwa muri yombi akajya kubibazwa. Gusa turabizi ko ibi bigoye kuko uwo bibira ni FPR iba yarabagabiye imyanya ihanitse. Ubu bujura rero bwa FPR bwamaze kurambirana ku buryo nta wugishoboye kubwihanganira uko byagenda kose.
FPR, UBUJURA WIMAKAJE BURARAMBIRANYE, GIRA WIGENDERE, NTITUZAGUKUMBURA!
Umurungi Jeanne Gentille