Yanditswe na Nema Ange
Abanyarwanda bo mu ngeri zitandukanye bazirikana ko Umwami wa nyuma wategetse u Rwanda ari Kigeli V Ndahindurwa, waje kugwa mu buhungiro muri Amerika, kuko ingoma ya Paul Kagame yagaruye ubwami ariko ntiyajya imbizi n’Umwami, ahanini kuko zari zamaze guta urunyana, FPR-Inkotanyi yari imaze gufata ubutegetsi ku ngufu muri Nyakanga 1994, yabonaga ko Umwami azayivangira ihitamo kumuheza ishyanga.
Kuri uyu wa Gatatu, tariki ya 6 Ugushyingo 2024, ubwo hari hamaze gutangazwa ko Donald Trump yatorewe kuba Perezida wa 47 wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Perezida Kagame yahise amushimira kuri iyo ntsinzi y’amateka, ndetse amwizeza ubufatanye bugamije inyungu hagati y’u Rwanda n’icyo gihugu mu minsi iri imbere. Yagize ati: “Ubutumwa bwawe busobanutse bwahoze ari uko Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zikwiye kuba umufatanyabikorwa w’amahitamo, uhamagarira abandi kuzifatiraho urugero aho kubahatira kubona ibintu nkazo no kubaho nkazo. Ndashaka rero gukorana nawe mu nyungu rusange z’ibihugu byombi mu myaka iri imbere.” Hari nyuma y’uko Donald Trump yari amaze kugira amajwi 277, Kamala Harris bari bahanganye afite 224, kandi hasabwaga amajwi 270 y’Inteko itora kugira ngo umwe muri bo atsinde. Ibyo rero byari bihamije ko Trump wigeze kuyobora iki gihugu cy’igihanganye hagati ya 2016 na 2021 agaruke muri White House.
Icyaje gutungura abantu mu gitondo cyo kuri uyu wa Kane, tariki ya 7 Ugushyingo 2024, ni umwe mu bacurabwenge ba FPR, Tito Rutaremara wagaragaje ko nta tandukaniro ry’abayobora Amerika kuri politiki mpuzamahanga, aho yagiye ku rubuga rwa X maze avuguruza shebuja Kagame, yandika ko uburyo amatora ya Amerika akorwamo nta demokarasi irimo, ariyo mpamvu utowe wese aba afite ingufu zimuri inyuma zimugenzura zirimo inzego za maneko zo muri Amerika. Yakomeje avuga ko yaba ishyaka rya Trump cyangwa irya Kamala Harris, intego yabo ari imwe n’ubwo mu mvugo basa nk’abatandukanye. Yakomeje ashyira ibihugu mu byiciro uhereye ku rwego rwa mbere rwegereye Amerika, abita “abagaragu b’inshuti cyane” barimo u Bwongereza na Israël, urwego rwa kabiri rw’ “abagaragu b’ibyegera” bagizwe n’ibihugu byo mu Burayi, u Buyapani, Australia na New Zealand. Urwa gatatu Rutaremara yarwise “abagaragu b’abatahira” barimo Brésil, Mexique, Indonesia, u Buhinde na Arabie Saoudite, naho ibindi bihugu byose byo muri Afurika n’ibyo muri Aziya ukuyemo u Bushinwa ndetse na Amerika y’Amajyepfo byose Amerika ibifata nka “rubanda rwa giseseka”. Aba yerekanye ku mugaragaro ko Perezida Kagame yisumbukuruje cyane kuko igihugu cye kiri mu byo Amerika idaha agaciro na gake. Agaruka kuri Trump na Harris yavuze ko ari nka bya bindi Abanyankole bavuga ngo “Nta Kamali nta Kigeli bose ni Abanyarwanda”, ikaba ari imvugo bakoreshaga bacyurira impunzi z’Abanyarwanda.
Iyi mvugo rero y’umwiru mukuru wa FPR niyo yatumye abasesenguzi muri politiki no mu bukungu bahaguruka berekana ko nta tandukaniro rinini cyangwa rito riri hagati ya Kagame na Kigeli kuko bose ari abategetsi b’igitugu bashishikajwe gusa no kwigwizwaho ibyiza byose by’igihugu maze berekana uburyo Perezida Kagame na FPR ye bakenesheje abaturage maze bigwizaho imitungo itabarika, imyinshi isahurirwa hanze y’igihugu, bene yo ari bo rubanda basigara baririra mu myotsi batagifite aho bapfunda imitwe. Aha rero niho usanga benshi basanga bikomoka ku kudasaranganya ubukungu bw’igihugu ku benegihugu bose, ubusahuzi bukorwa n’amakompanyi ya FPR, ubutubuzi bukorerwa mu kugurisha impapuro mpeshamwenda, imishinga ya baringa ikiza abategetsi gusa, kompanyi z’Abanyarwanda zitamara kabiri, ubushwanyi n’amahanga n’ibindi byinshi.
Isaranganywa ry’ubukungu riteye agahinda
Nta muntu n’umwe utekereza wabasha kwiyumvisha uburyo Intara y’Amajyaruguru yinjije mu isanduku ya Leta imisoro ingana na miliyari 51,43 FRW mu mwaka wa 2023/2024, mu gihe yari yihaye intego yo kwinjiza miliyari 55,97 FRW, ikaba yaragezweho ku kigero cya 91,9%, nk’uko byatangajwe na Komiseri Mukuru w’Ikigo cy’Imisoro n’Amahoro (RRA), Niwenshuti Ronald, kuri uyu wa 5 Ugushyingo 2024, ubwo bari mu gikorwa ngarukamwaka ku nshuro ya 22 cyo gushimira abasora neza, ariko ku rundi ruhande Minisiteri y’Ubuzima igatangaza ko mu mwaka ushize, muri iyi Ntara igipimo cy’abana bagwingiye cyari kuri 48.2%. Imisoro yinjijwe mu isanduku ya Leta n’iyi Ntara ikubiyemo imisoro yeguriwe inzego z’ibanze, ahakusanyijwe miliyari 6.7 FRW, mu gihe mu misoro y’ubutegetsi bwite bwa Leta habonetse miliyari 44.73 FRW ku ntego ya miliyari 48.67 FRW yari ateganyijwe. Aya yose rero yinjijwe n’abakorera muri iyi Ntara aramutse asaranganyijwe neza ntabwo yatuma hari abaturage bakibarirwa mu bukene bukabije, abana babo bugarijwe n’igwingira riva ku mirire mibi. Ibi rero ni akaga gakomeye kuko Abanyarwanda badasangira kimwe ku byiza by’igihugu bikiharirwa na bamwe.
Amakompanyi ya FPR asahura abaturage
Bimaze kumenyerwa ko amakompanyi akomeye mu gihugu yaba ay’ubwubatsi, ay’ubucuruzi, ubwikorezi, itumanaho n’ibindi aba ashamikiye kuri Crystal Ventures ya FPR kandi agakorera mu kwaha kwayo. Ibi bituma ubujura bwose aya makompanyi akorera abaturage bushyigikirwa, ndetse bigasa n’aho ntacyo bibwiye Leta, yaba Ikigo Ngenzuramikorere cy’Imirimo ifitiye Igihugu Akamaro (RURA) cyangwa ibindi bigo byose biba bivuga ku birengera umuguzi nka RICA n’ibindi. Dufashe urugero ruto, raporo y’Ikigo cy’Itumanaho cya MTN Rwanda igaragaza ko mu gihembwe cya gatatu cya 2024 cyashojwe ku wa 30 Nzeri 2024, iki kigo cyahombye agera kuri miliyari 10.9 FRW nyuma yo kwishyura imisoro, bingana n’igabanuka rya 232.4% mu mafaranga yari yinjije mu gihembwe nk’iki mu mwaka wa 2023, nyamara iyi raporo ikagaragaza ko muri iki gihembwe abafatabuguzi biyongereyeho 5.3% bagera kuri miliyoni 7.6 ndetse n’abakoresha serivisi za Mobile Money biyongereye ku rugero rwa 13.4% bagera kuri miliyoni 5.2, bamwe mu bafatabuguzi bakomeje gutaka ko bakatwa amafaranga adafite ibisobanuro abandi bagafungirwa amakonti ku maherere, bishyuzwa amadeni batigeze basaba, byose Leta ikabirebera ikicecekera kuko iyi sosiyete ikorera mu kwaha kw’ishyaka riri ku butegetsi.
Ubutubuzi bukorerwa mu kugurisha impapuro mpeshamwenda
Uretse impano n’inguzanyo z’igihe kirekire zikomoka mu mahanga, Leta y’u Rwanda yadukanye ubundi buriganya bukorerwa abantu ku giti cyabo cyangwa amakompanyi y’ubucuruzi aho bagurishwa impapuro mpeshamwenda ku gitugu, bikitwa ko bagurije Leta amafaranga ikazajya ibungukira buri mwaka, ariko hakaba hatagaragazwa abungukiwe cyangwa abashubijwe ayabo, ahubwo ugize ngo aravuga agahita ahimbirwa ibyaha akisanga mu menyo ya rubamba. Amakuru dukesha Isoko ry’Imari n’Imigabane ry’u Rwanda (RSE) nk’uko byatangajwe n’Umuyobozi Mukuru waryo, Célestin Rwabukumba, avuga ko iri soko rimaze gukusanyirizwaho asaga miliyari 130 FRW mu mezi atatu gusa, binyuze mu icuruzwa ry’impapuro mpeshamwenda zaba iza Leta n’iz’amasosiyete yigenga. Rwabukumba yavuze ko mu mezi atatu, Kanama, Nzeri n’Ukwakira, ku isoko habayeho ubwitabire budasanzwe bwo kugura impapuro mpeshamwenda, haba ku masosiyete akomeye ndetse n’abantu ku giti cyabo. Yagize ati: “Muri aya mezi atatu ashize isoko ryatweretse ibyo navuga ko ari nk’ibitangaza, ku isoko twabashije gukusanya amafaranga arenga miliyari 130 FRW […], harimo miliyari 80 FRW zagiye mu mpapuro mpeshamwenda za Leta, hari miliyari 39.05 FRW zagiye muri BRD, hari izindi zagiye muri Sosiyete yitwa Mahwi Grain Millers zigera kuri miliyari 3 FRW icyiciro cya mbere”. Byongeye kandi Sosiyete ya Prime Energy Ltd isanzwe itunganya umuriro w’amashanyarazi, yatangaje ko yagurishije impapuro mpeshamwenda zigamije kurengera ibidukikije (Green Bonds), ku rugero rwiza ikaba yarakuyemo asaga miliyari 9.58 FRW, nk’uko byatangajwe n’Umuyobozi Mukuru wayo, Sandy Rusera, mu gihe hagati ya tariki 21 na 23 Ukwakira 2024, Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda (BNR) yari yashyize ku isoko impapuro mpeshamwenda zifite agaciro ka miliyari 20 FRW. BRD yemeje ko yagurishije impapuro mpeshamwenda ku bashoramari bakorera mu bihugu byitandukanye nka Kenya, Canada, UK, Tuniziya, Uganda, Noruveje, Ubuyapani, u Burundi, Djibouti, Afurika y’Epfo, u Bufaransa, u Budage na Côte d’Ivoire. Aya yose akaba ari amafaranga Leta ya Kagame yatuburiye abashoramari kugira ngo agatsiko ke gakomeze kuzuze amakonti katitaye ku baturage.
Imishinga ya baringa ikenesha igihugu
Ni kenshi cyane wumva ngo Leta yatangije imishinga ariko igahera mu magambo kandi amafaranga atagira ingano yarasohotse mu isanduku ya Leta. Urugero rwa vuba ni uko Prime Energy itangaza ko amafaranga angana na 79% bya miliyari 9.58 FRW yavuye mu mpapuro mpeshamwenda azashorwa mu mushinga wo kubaka urugomero rw’amashanyarazi rwa Rukarara VI mu Karere ka Nyamagabe, bivugwa ko ruzaba rufite ubushobozi bwo gutanga 10 MW, nyamara nta wutinyuka kubaza aho izindi ngomero kuva kuri Rukarara I na II zahereye, mu gihe abadepite bazamuye icyo kibazo batagarutse ku rutonde rw’abemerewe kujya mu Nteko.
Kompanyi z’Abanyarwanda zisenyuka zitaramara kabiri
Abanyarwanda bafite inzozi zo kwiteza imbere no gukira bahita binjira mu kwikorera ariko bose si ko urugendo rubahira, kuko byinshi mu bigo bito n’ibiciriritse bigitangira bipfira mu mishinga cyangwa ntibimare umwaka. Nk’urugero muri Nzeri 2024 Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Iterambere (RDB) rwasohoye urutonde rw’ibigo 18 byasabye Umwanditsi Mukuru gukurwa mu gitabo cyandikwamo amasosiyete y’ubucuruzi. Ibi bigo byari bihagaritse imirimo kandi buri kwezi hasohoka mwene urwo rutonde. Iyi mibare ni iy’abasobanukiwe amategeko kuko hari benshi bahomba bagahagarika ibikorwa ariko nimero zabo ziranga abasora (TIN) zikaba zikibarirwa mu zikora, nyuma ba nyirazo bakazasanga barimo Leta umwenda w’imisoro itagira ingano ku ruhande rumwe. Ku rundi ruhande, raporo y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR), igaragaza ko ibigo by’ubucuruzi byavutse mu Rwanda mu myaka 10 ishize ibirenga ibihumbi 269 ari ibyo mu cyiciro cy’ibigo bito bingana na 92.2% biba bikoresha abakozi bari hagati y’umwe na batatu, ibyisumbuyeho bigera ku 16,730 bingana na 6.4% bikoresha hagati ya bane na 30, ibiciriritse bikoresha abakozi hagati ya 31 na 100 ni 3,103 bingana na 1.2%, mu gihe ibigo binini by’ubucuruzi byari bifite abakozi barenga 100 mu mwaka wa 2023 byari 537 gusa, bingana na 0.2%.
Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Urugaga rw’Abikorera mu Rwanda (PSF) akaba n’umushumba wa FPR, Jeanne-Françoise Mubiligi abajijwe igituma ibigo bito bihombera mu itangira, yavuze ko harimo impamvu zishingiye ku misoro ihanitse ihita yitura ku masosiyete akivuka no kutiga neza isoko, bigatuma amakuru ku masoko atamenyekana, ibigo byose by’ubucuruzi bikarwanira mu Mujyi wa Kigali, ibindi bikakwa amafaranga y’imisoro n’imisanzu bitunguranye; gusa iki cy’imisoro Minisitiri w’Imari, Yousouf Murangwa, aragihakana akavuga ko ahubwo iri hasi ugereranyije n’ibihugu by’ibituranyi, ariko akirengagiza yuko muri ibyo bihugu byose ubucuruzi bwigenga.
Ubushwanyi n’amahanga
U Rwanda rugiye kumara ibinyacumi bitatu by’imyaka rubanye nabi cyane n’ibihugu by’ibituranyi. Imipaka y’ibihugu birukikije yagiye ifungwa bya hato na hato kugeza n’ubu, bigatuma n’umuturage washoberwa akajya gushaka aho igihugu kiruta ikindi bitamukundira, u Rwanda ruragenda ruba gereza neza neza. Byarushijeho kuba bibi ubwo umutwe wa M23 ushyigikiwe n’u Rwanda wuburaga imirwano mu Burasirazuba bwa RD Congo. Leta y’iki gihugu yakomeje guteza ubwega ko u Rwanda rwoherejeyo abasirikare barenga 4,000 ariko rukomeza kubihakana, ahubwo rugakomeza kuvuga ko rubangamiwe n’umutwe wa FDLR rushinja kuba ugizwe n’abasize bakoze jenoside mu Rwanda. Ntako amahanga atagize ngo amahoro agaruke muri kariya karere ariko u Rwanda rwaranze ruratsimbarara kuko ibyo rusaruhurayo birufatiye runini ku ruhando mpuzamahanga.
Mu kiganiro na BBC, Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga n’Ubutwererane, Amb. Olivier Nduhungirehe yagaragaje ko u Rwanda nta ngabo rugira muri RDC, icyakozwe ari ugushyira ubwirinzi ku mipaka kubera umutwe wa FDLR uhora ushaka guhungabanya umutekano w’igihugu. Yanavuze ko u Rwanda rwasabye mu buryo bweruye RDC kuganira n’uyu mutwe bagashaka igisubizo kirambye cy’ikibazo. Umunyamakuru yihutiye kumubaza niba uko u Rwanda rushishikariza RDC kuganira na M23, narwo rwiteguye kuganira na FDLR, Nduhungirehe agaragaza ko ibyo bidashoboka kuko FDLR ari umutwe wakoze jenoside. Yavuze ko u Rwanda rwiteguye gusinya amasezerano yose yaza ari mu nyungu z’umutekano w’igihugu, anibutsa ko intumwa z’u Rwanda, RDC na Angola zo ku rwego rw’abaminisitiri zizahura tariki ya 16 Ugushyingo 2024, kugira ngo zisuzume raporo y’inzobere mu iperereza ziherutse kwemeranya ku bikorwa bigize gahunda yo gusenya FDLR no gukuraho ingamba z’ubwirinzi u Rwanda rwashyizeho ku mupaka. Hakibazwa rero impamvu habura gutumirwa M23 ahubwo hakitabira u Rwanda, ariko nta yindi mpamvu ni uko amahanga yasobanukiwe ko M23 itarara kabiri u Rwanda rwabishatse kuko ari rwo rwayiremye rukaba runayishyigikiye.
Inyungu rero u Rwanda rukura mu busahuzi bukorerwa mu Burasirazuba bwa RD Congo zatumye ibyo u Rwanda rwohereza mu mahanga, cyane cyane amabuye y’agaciro n’indi mitungo kamere, bizamuka cyane muri iyi myaka ishize. Urugero rwa vuba ni aho inzego zishinzwe ubucuruzi n’ubufatanye hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Bushinwa zatangaje ko muri uyu mwaka, ubucuruzi hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Bushinwa bwazamutseho 16.5% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize. Ibi byose rero ntaho byageza u Rwanda uretse gukomeza gutsikamira abarutuye bagakomeza gutindahazwa mu gihe abategetsi bareba inyungu zabo gusa, bakingiwe ikibaba n’umunyagitugu Paul Kagame, byuzuza imvugo isa n’iy’Abanyankole umwiru Tito Rutaremara yakoresheje, ku buryo n’uwavuga ko “Nta Kigeki nta Kagame bose ari abanyagitugu babi”, ataba ari kure y’ukuri rwose.
FPR, WATINDAHAJE ABANYARWANDA IGIHE KININI, GIRA WIGENDERE, NTITUZAGUKUMBURA!!!
Nema Ange