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Umuryango w’ubukungu w’Ibihugu byo muri Afurika y’Amajyepfo (SADC) uherutse kwikoma Ingabo z’u Rwanda (RDF) uzishinja guha ubufasha umutwe wa M23, ndetse ufata umwanzuro wo kohereza Ingabo zayo muri RDC mu rwego rwo gufasha iki gihugu kwigobotora imitwe yitwaje intwaro yo mu Burasirazuba bwacyo.
Ni umwanzuro wafatiwe mu nama y’abakuru b’ibihugu bigize uyu muryango yabereye i Windhoek muri Namibia, ku wa Mbere, tariki ya 08 Gicurasi 2023. Mbere y’uko iyi nama iba hari habanje guteranira inama ya Komisiyo idasanzwe y’Ingabo za SADC. Ni inama yabaye ku wa Gatandatu, tariki ya 06 Gicurasi 2023, ikaba yari iyobowe n’Umugaba Mukuru w’Ingabo za Namibia, Air Marshal Martin Kambulu Pinehas. Ikinyamakuru Africa Intelligence mu nyandiko y’ibanga y’ibyabereye muri iriya nama kivuga ko cyabonye, cyanditse ko abayitabiriye baganiriye ku mutwe wa M23 umaze igihe uhanganye n’Ingabo za Congo (FARDC). Leta ya RDC ishinja u Rwanda kuba ari rwo rufasha uriya mutwe, ibyanatumye ibihugu byombi bicana umubano kuva mu 2022, RDC yakomeje intambara ya dipolomasi, u Rwanda rukomeza kuyobya uburari.
Inyandiko y’ibyabereye muri iriya nama y’i Windhoek ishinja u Rwanda kugira akaboko mu bibazo bya Congo, ikavuga ko hari “Ihuriro rya M23 n’igisirikare cy’u Rwanda (RDF)”. Abasirikare bayitabiriye bashinje Ingabo z’u Rwanda gufasha uriya mutwe, binyuze mu kuwuha ubufasha bw’ibikoresho birimo ibya gisirikare “bigezweho” nka za missile zihanura indege ndetse n’imbunda z’imizinga (armes lourdes).
Ni ibirego u Rwanda rwanashinjwe n’impuguke za LONI mu raporo yasohotse mu mwaka ushize wa 2022. Abagaba bakuru b’Ingabo za SADC basaba imitwe yitwaje intwaro yo muri RDC gutanga agahenge ka burundu, banasabye ko M23 ihagarikirwa ubufasha ihabwa n’ibihugu bise “Abanyamahanga bazwi bateye Congo”. Aba rero nta bandi bavugwa uretse u Rwanda ku isonga ry’ubugizi bwa nabi buhakorerwa.
Komisiyo ya gisirikare ya SADC kandi yashinje Ingabo za EAC ziri muri RDC imitwarire idahwitse, by’umwihariko Maj. Gen. Jeff Nyagah wahoze ari Umugaba Mukuru wazo. Uyu Leta ya Congo imushinja kuba muri Gashyantare uyu mwaka yaremereye abasirikare b’u Rwanda 378 kwinjira ku butaka bw’icyo gihugu, ibyatumye abategetsi bayo bamunaniza mbere y’uko afata icyemezo cyo kwegura.
Mu gihe ibihugu bya SADC bigiseta ibirenge mu kohereza ingabo muri RDC, iki gihugu gikomeje gutsinda ibitego bya dipolomasi. Hari hashize iminsi u Rwanda rushinja RDC ko itita ku mpunzi zayo zimaze imyaka irenga 25 mu Rwanda, ariko rukirengagiza impunzi z’Abanyarwanda bamaze imyaka 30 ku butaka bwa Congo.
Ibi rero byatumye RDC ifata iya mbere ihurira n’u Rwanda mu nama yo gucyura ku bushake impunzi z’Abanyarwanda n’Abanyekongo zikiri mu bihugu byombi. Umuvugizi wa Guverinoma y’u Rwanda wungirije, Alain Mukuralinda, yatangaje ko iyi nama iri kubera i Genève mu Busuwisi, ku cyicaro gikuru cy’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe Impunzi, UNHCR, ryateguye iyi nama ribisabwe na Guverinoma ya RDC.
Mukuralinda yagize ati: «Inama y’inyabutatu yo gucyura ku bushake impunzi za RDC ziba mu Rwanda n’iz’u Rwanda ziba muri RDC yatangiye kuri uyu wa Mbere, tariki ya 15/05/2023, i Genève mu Busuwisi». Iki nacyo ni igitego cya dipolomasi RDC itsinze kuko ishyize mu bikorwa umwe mu myanzuro yafatiwe mu nama y’abakuru b’ibihugu bya EAC yabereye muri Ethiopia muri Gashyantare 2023.
Muri iyi nama ya Addis Abeba muri Ethiopia yo muri Gashyantare 2023, yari yitabiriwe n’intumwa y’Umuryango w’Afurika yunze Ubumwe (AU), Perezida João Lourenço, abakuru b’ibihugu bemeje ko izi mpunzi zibaye zitashye byatanga igisubizo kirambye ku mutekano wabuze mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC no mu karere muri rusange. Congo rero kuba ifashe iya mbere ni ukwerekana ko yiteguye gushyira mu bikorwa iyi myanzuro igenda ifatwa n’abakuru b’ibihugu, ariko Kagame na RDF ye ntibarava ku izima baracyayigabaho ibitero, bitwikiriye umutaka wa M23, kuko bazi neza ko muri iyi ntambara basahuriramo agatubutse.
Uyu munsi rero Leta ya Kigali yahiye ubwoba kuko itazi ikigiye gukurikiraho. Perezida Kagame aribaza niba ibihugu bivuga igiporitigali (pays lusophones) birimo Mozambique na Angola bizamushyigikira nk’uko yamaze guhuma amaso ibihugu bivuga igifaransa byo mu Burengerazuba bw’Afurika. Uyu munsi ingabo za Kagame zirarwana muri Cabo Delgado, ku buryo yumva ko Mozambique izamwumva ariko nta cyizere gikomeye aragirira Angola. Ibi byatumye Kagame yohereza Gen. Jack Nziza muri Angola avuye muri Sudani y’Epfo, ndetse afasha Robert Bayigamba, umucuruzi ukomeye wo mu kwaha kwa FPR, gushyingira umukobwa we, Gisèle Bayigamba, arongorwa n’umutegetsi ukomeye muri MPLA, ishyaka riri ku butegetsi muri Angola.
Uyu Gisèle Bayigamba akirongorwa muri Angola, kwa Sebukwe baramutekesheje, bamuha 142 Ha zo gucukuramo diamant, neza neza ku mupaka wa RDC na Angola. Gen. Jack Nziza yahise asubira muri Sudani y’Epfo, ajya gukomeza kwinjiza abasirikare b’Abanyarwanda mu gisirikare cya Sudani y’Epfo, kugira ngo igihe nikigera cyo kohereza abasirikare muri RDC Sudani y’Epfo izoherezemo Abanyarwanda batagira ingano. Ibi rero biragaragaza ko Leta ya Kigali ikomeje gushya ubwoba, ariko na RDC ikwiye kumenya ko amazi atakiri ya yandi, ahubwo ikoga magazi. Ubwoba Perezida Kagame afite nta kintu butamukoresha yarabigaragaje.
Igihe kirageze ngo amahanga yose uhereye kuri SADC yotse igitutu cya gisirikare umutwe wa M23 ufashwa na RDF nk’uko byagenze mu 2013. Niba bitagenze bityo u Rwanda ruzakomeza kwitwikira induru ivugira mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo kugira ngo rwisahurire amabuye y’agaciro.
Ntidushobora kwicara ngo turebere mu gihe abana b’u Rwanda bakomeje gusiga ubuzima mu ntambara Kagame n’agatsiko ke kabashoboyemo mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC. Igihe ni iki ngo aka gatsiko kareke gukomeza gutikiza ubuzima bw’inzirakarengane muri izi ntambara zidafite indi mpamvu iyo ari yo yose uretse gusahura umutungo kamere wa Congo.
N’ubwo RDC ikomeje gutsinda urugamba rwa dipolomasi, ntikwiye kwirara kuko Leta ya Kigali yamaze gutahwa n’ubwoba, kandi byamaze kugaragara ko iyo Kagame yatashywe n’ubwoba, ntacyo aba atakora, kandi igihe cyose ingaruka mbi zigera ku baturage b’inzirakarengane, imiborogo igataha mu miryango myinshi.
Nema Ange