Yanditswe na Ahirwe Karoli
Mu gihe Abanyarwanda hafi ya bose bamaze iminsi baboroga, bataka kubera izamuka rikabije ry’ibiciro ku masoko mu Rwanda n’ubucyene buvuza ubuhuha ahantu hose mu gihugu, urugero rukabije rw’ubushomeri n’ibindi bibazo bishingiye ku bukungu, abategetsi bakomeje kuvunira ibiti mu matwi ahubwo bafata ingamba zo gukomeza gushinyagurira abaturage, babeshya ko ubukungu buhagaze neza kandi ko ngo Leta ntako itagize ngo iteze imbere abaturage. Byahe byo kajya. Niba ntako itagize nihigame ive mu nzira ireke gukomeza guteza ibibazo mu gihugu.
Ubwiyongere bw’abashomeri, inzara, ubukene, izamuka rikabije ry’ibiciro, guhomba gukabije kw’ibigo by’ubucuruzi n’ibindi ni bimwe mu bibazo urwego rw’ubukungu mu Rwanda rukomeje kugongana nabyo. Ibi bituma abaturage bataka, bagatakamba, ariko bakamera nk’abavomera mu rutete. Nyamara aho kugira ngo abategetsi bumve imiterere y’ikibazo kandi bagihagurukire, bo bakomeje kuvunira ibiti mu matwi, ahubwo bagakomeza gucura imigambi yuzuye ibinyoma byo kujijisha abaturage.
Aho byatangiriye:
Byose byatangiye ubwo FPR yafataga gahunda zo gucyenesha abaturage, ibambura uburenganzira ku mirimo iciriritse ihwanye n’ubushobozi bwabo nk’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi n’ubucuruzi buciriritse, ahubwo ibikorwa by’ubukungu byose bigashyirwa mu maboko y’agatsiko k’abantu bacye ba FPR.
Urugero ruhamya ibi ni umusore w’Imyaka 29 witwa Musana Jean Luc watangije ishyaka ritaremerwa na FPR yise People’s Party, Mu kiganiro yacishije mu kinyamakuru UMWENEGIHUGU TV, gifite umutwe ugira uti: “Musana Jean Luc: Ubushomeri bukabije! Impamvu nyayo. Nibisubizo bikwiye”, Musana Jean Luc yataze ubuhamya bw’ukuntu yize umushinga wo gutwara abagenzi mu duce batuyemo abageza ku mihanda minini mu karere ka Kicukiro, kuko yari yabonye neza ko abaturage bagorwa no kugera ku mihanda minini bavuye mu duce batuyemo tutegereye imihanda minini kandi bakanahura n’ikibazo cyo gutonda imirongo miremire ituma bacyererwa muri gahunda zabo.
Musana avuga ko nubwo umushinga we wumvikanaga ndetse ufite n’ikibazo cyumvikana wagombaga gucyemura, Jean Luc avuga ko umushinga we wabangamiwe n’isosiyete ya FPR yitwa Royal itwara abagenzi mu karere ka Kicuro imubuza umushinga we kandi we yarabonaga ushobora kuzuzanya n’ibikorwa iyo Royal isanzwe ikora. Yakomwe mu nkokora atyo atabuze ibitekerezo, ubushobozi n’amafranga yo gushora, ahubwo bitewe no kwikubira ibikorwa by’ubukungu bw’igihugu kwa bamwe mu gatsiko ka FPR. Kwikubira ubukungu kwa bamwe ni umutego mutindi FPR yateze Abanyarwanda.
Urundi rugero ni urwo Abanyarwanda twese tuzi rw’uburyo FPR yambuye abaturage igishanga cya Nyabarongo bakuragamo ibibatunga ikagiha umuhinde umwe witwa Madvan, abantu bakabirebera bagaceceka, none isukari akuramo ikaba itahaza n’Intara imwe, murumva icyari gukurikiraho ari ikihe? Hari umunyarwanda se utazi icyo iki gishanga cyari kimaze? Nyamara Kagame n’abambari be bagihaye Madvan abaha amafaranga barikirira, nta kindi bitayeho.
Izi ni ingero nke ariko hari n’izindi nyinshi z’ababuzwa gukora kuko isoko ry’u Rwanda ryigaruriwe n’abantu bacye cyane. Ibi rero ingaruka zabyo ni uko ibikorerwa mu Rwanda bikomeza kuba bicye cyane u Rwanda rugakomeza gucungira ku biva mu mahanga. Ibi nabyo ingaruka zabyo zigaragaza mu bihe by’amakuba nka covid-19 cyangwa intambara ya Ukraine n’Uburusiya. Niyo mpamvu biri kwigaragaza ubu, nubwo abaturage batahwemye gutaka no gutakamba, ariko bagakomeza kwirengagizwa.
Ibibazo by’izamuka ry’ibiciro ku masoko byagiye biza buke buke, abantu bakabireba bagataka ariko bagakomeza gucecekeshwa. Madvan ahabwa igishanga cya Nyabarongo batubwiraga ko ikilo cy’isukari kizava kuri 400 FRW gishyirwe kuri 300 FRW none kigeze ku 2,000 FRW. Ubwo se ikindi twakwitega ni iki? Twakitega se kivuye mu rihe juru?
Uretse kubeshyana ni hehe twigeze twumva ibiciro byazamutse bikongera bikamanuka, kuva FPR yafata ubutegetsi mu 1994? Uyu munsi kubeshya ko ibiciro byamanuka ni inzozi zidashobora kuba impamo. FPR irabizi ko amasooko yakuragamo amafaranga agenda afungwa, niyo mpamvu igomba kurema ahandi azava. Nta handi rero uretse guhenda abaturage no kubarundaho imisoro badashobora kwikorera, bakazapfa batyo.
Igihe ikilo kimwe (1Kg) cy’isukari cyavaga ku mafaranga y’u Rwanda 400 kikagurishwa 700 FRW, abahembwaga 100,000 FRW kuzamura bumvaga nta kibazo kuko batumvaga icyo abahembwa ubusabusa cyangwa badafite n’akazi icyo gihe bahise bava ku isukari. Igihe cyarageze isukari irazamuka igera ku 1000 FRW nabwo abantu bumva ari ibisanzwe. Ariko uyu munsi yageze ku 1800 FRW na 2000 FRW, noneho buri wese yatangiye kumva ko ari ikibazo kimureba, mu gihe mbere cyari ikibazo cya bamwe. Aha dutanze urugero ku isukari gusa ariko ni ibicuruzwa byose muri rusange.
Niba umuturage adashobora kugura litiro imwe (1L) y’amavuta yo guteka igeze ku 3,600 FRW, ni bangahe bazaba bashobora kuyagura mu mezi atandatu ari imbere igihe azaba yaguze 5,000 FRW? Aho twese ntituzabogoreza hamwe tugasubira ku ngereke nazo zizaba zibona umugabo zigasiba undi?
Aha hari ibyo buri wese akwiriye kwibaza, hari kandi n’ibyo agomba kuzirikana. Abategetsi bavuga ko umunyarwanda yinjiza 700,000 ku mwaka (GDP per capita). Ubwo ni ukuvuga ko yinjiza 1900 ku munsi, none ikilo cy’isukari kiragura 2000, ubwo umunyarwanda usanzwe umubyizi we wose uhwana n’ikilo cy’isukari. Azagura iki ibyo kurya? Azakodesha iki inzu? Azajyana umwana ku ishuri ate?
Ikibazo kiba ku bantu bamaze kozwa ubwonko bahora babyinirira ubutegetsi bita bwiza bazaniwe na FPR Inkotanyi, nyamara ntibamenye ko yazanye umugambi wo gukenesha Abanyarwanda ngo bayipfukamire. Nyamara nubwo bakomezaga kubyinira FPR bamaze kubona ko umudiho uva mu itako, ubu ntawukibasha kuyibyinira kuko nta joteme inzara igutema amara.
Nyamara nubwo bimeze bityo, FPR yo ntihwema gusaba imisanzu, kwaka imisoro ifatika n’idafatika, kwaka amahooro ba nyagupfa, kwirundaho amasoko, kwambura imitungo ba nyirayo kwiyenza kubaturage no kubaca amande ya hato na hato yitwaje ingamba za covid n’ibindi byinshi binyunyuza imitsi y’abaturage, nyamara icyo FPR yo igamije ari ukuzuza ama comptes y’agatsiko mu Rwanda no hanze yarwo. Byaba bimaze iki se dukomeje kurebera nk’abadatekereza cyangwa batagira ubwenge?
Leta ya Kigali yabanje kugira urwitwazo Covid-19 none iyi turufu ntikigezweho yarahararutswe uyu munsi byabaye intambara hagati y’Uburusiya na Ukraine. Nyamara ukuri kurazwi, impamvu iragaragara neza cyane ibyo bindi ni urwitwazo cyangwa imbarutso ya yindi ikoma Rutenderi. Impamvu nyamukuru ni uko ubutunzi bw’igihugu bwihariwe n’agatsiko k’abantu bake cyane, bakomeza kwigwizaho imitungo, abandi benshi bicira isazi mu jisho. Ese Abanyarwanda bazaragira imbogo kugeza ryari?
IBISUBIZO BYO KUJIJISHA BYA FPR:
Ibi bibazo byose tumaza kugaragaza Leta ya FPR nta gaciro ibiha kuko ikomeje gukenesha Abanyarwanda no kwigwizaho indonke.
Minisitiri w’ubucuruzi n’inganda ngo ntabwo azi ikiri gutera izamuka ry’ibiciro:
Mu biganiro yahaye ibinyamakuru bitandukanye birimo RBA na Isango Star, Minisitiri Beatha HABYARIMANA yatangaje ko atumva uko ibiciro by’imboga, ibijumba n’ibindi bihingwa bizamuka. Yasobanuye ko ngo ibiciro by’isabuni, isukari n’amavuta byazamutse byatewe n’ibibazo by’inganda zibikora ngo ziri mu gukora amasuku, bigatuma ibyo bicuruzwa bibura. Aha rero uhita wibaza niba inganda zose zarakoreye isuku icyarimwe ku isi?
Nanone umuntu yakwibaza impamvu FPR ikomeza gushingira ku kugemurirwa ibicuruzwa n’ibindi bihugu. Kimwe na minisitiri w’Intebe Ngirente, Minisitiri w’ubucuruzi n’inganda kandi yatangaje ko bafite gahunda yo gushaka ibihugu nka Zambia, Ubuhinde, Pakistani n’ibindi bizajya bibagemurira ibiribwa boshya u Rwanda ari umurwayi cyangwa imfungwa ucyeneye abamugemurira.
Minisitiri abajijwe niba kuzamuka kw’ibiciro kwaba gifitanye isano n’intambara yo muri Ukraine yaratsembye avuga ko ntaho bihuriye. Nyamara igitangaje ni uko Minisitiri w’imari n’igenamigambi Dr Uzziel Ndagijimana mu kiganiro yagiranye n’abanyamakuru kuri uyu wa 16 Werurwe 2022 yemeje ko ikibazo cy’izamuka ry’ibiciro no kugwa kw’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bishingiye ku ntambara ya Ukraine n’uburusiya. Gusa nawe yashimangiye ko aho bacungiye ari ugushaka ibihugu bigemurira u Rwanda ibyo kurya.
BNR yazamuye inyungu ku nguzanyo:
Abanyarwanda twese twakubiswe n’inkuba twumvise ingamba BNR yafashe mu mpera za Gashyantare 2022 zo gusubiza ibintu mu buryo, ariko icyadutangaje twese n’ukuntu yafashe ingamba zinyuranye n’ikibazo gihari. Mu gihe ikibazo kiri mu Rwanda gishingiye ku bucye bw’umusaruro n’ubucye bw’ibicuruzwa no kuba amafaranga Atari mu baturage ahubwo akaba ari mu maboko y’agatsiko gato cyane ka FPR, bikaba byarasabaga ingamba zatuma amafaranga agera mu baturage bityo bakongera umusaruro, BNR n’intiti zayo birengagije ukuri ahubwo bafata ingamba zigamije gukaza ikibazo gisanzwe gihari zo kwambura abaturage amafaranga bongera inyungu ku nguzanyo muri Banki.
BNR yavuze ko inyungu ku nyungu BNR iha ama banki yavuye kuri 4.5% igera kuri 5%.
Gusa BNR yatanze impuruza ko abantu bakwiriye kwitegura ko mu mpera z’uyu mwaka wa 2022 inyungu ku nguzanyo izarenga umurongo ntarengwa wa 8%. Abagira amatwi yumva bakwiriye kumva iyi mpuruza ya BNR.
Abumvise ibi barumiwe kandi nta kindi bose bahurizaho kiritera, uretse ubusahuzi bwa FPR, maze nayo igiye kugira ngo irakemura ikibazo yongera inyungu ku nguzanyo zihabwa amabanki hagamijwe ko amafaranga aba macye mu baturage ngo wenda amafaranga naba macyeya mu baturage ibiciro bizagabanuka. Byahe byo kajya se ko ari ukwibeshya gukomeye. Niba se nta mafaranga ari mu baturage Leta izakura he imisoro? Uburyo bwonyine FPR yagombaga gukoresha kwari ukuzamura ibikorerwa mu gihugu.
FPR yashyizeho ikigega baringa ngo cyo kuzahura ubukungu bw’agatsiko.
Amakuru yazindutse acicikana mu itangazamakuru ku wa 17 Werurwe 2022 ni uko ngo Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yatangaje ko amafaranga ashyirwa mu Kigega Nzahurabukungu cyashyizweho mu kugoboka ubukungu bwashegeshwe na Covid-19, agiye kongerwamo miliyari 250 FRW.
Ni ikigega cyashyizweho bivugwa ko ari mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ingaruka za Covid-19 muri Kamena 2020, aho cyahise gitangirana miliyoni 100$ (angana na miliyari 100 FRW) y’inguzanyo, nyamara uretse gukiza abambari ba FPR nta muturage usanzwe wigeze asunutsaho amazuru. Byabaye nko gukinga abantu ibikarito mu maso.
Mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru cyo ku wa 16 Werurwe 2022, Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr. Ngirente Edouard, na Uzziel Ndagijimana, bavuze ko iki kigega cyagiye cyongerwamo amafaranga hagamijwe kuzamura ibikorwa bitandukanye. Yavuze ko nko muri Guma mu Rugo, iki kigega cyafashije abarimu, abashoferi, hoteli, imishinga iciriritse n’abandi.
Gusa ibi byose ni ukubeshya kuko muri aba bose avuga nta n’umwe wigeze ufashwa ahubwo bakomeje kwakwa inyungu z’umurengera ku nguzanyo babaga barahatiwe gufata kugira ngo ubukungu bwa FPR bwiyongere. Abahawe kuri ayo mafaranga, bari bahawe igihe kingana n’imyaka itatu kugira ngo uko ubuzima bugenda bugaruka, bazabashe kwishyura, ariko siko byagenze kuko yahawe n’ubundi abari mu gatsiko.
Dufashe nk’urugero, ku ikubitiro, miliyari 42 Frw zafashije hoteli 139 ziganjemo iza FPR Inkotanyi ku buryo budasubirwaho. Hakaba ibigo by’ubucuruzi bya FPR birimo RFTC itwara abagenzi mu mujyi wa Kigali, iyoborwa na Rtd Col. Twahirwa Dodo hamwe n’abandi 56 bahawe agera kuri miliyari 7.7 FRW kugira ngo babashe kwishyura imyenda bari bafitiye amabanki, ndetse n’ubufasha bugera kuri miliyari 11 FRW.
Hakiyongeraho agera kuri miliyari 13 FRW bavuga ko yahawe amashuri yigenga, yose ashamikiye kuri FPR. Usibye n’ibyo ariko kuba mu burezi hashorwamo ¼ cy’ayashowe mu ma Hotel n’ubundi byerekana ubujura bwa FPR n’agatsiko. Byagorana kumva hafashijwe amashuri nka ICK-Kabgayi, UNATEK- Kibungo, UG-Gitwe, IPB-Byumba, UNILAK-Kigali, n’ayandi adashamikiye kuri FPR. Hafashijwe za Green Hills, Kigali Parents Schools, Fawe Girls School, University of Kigali n’andi menshi afite aho ahuriye na FPR.
Amasosiyete ya FPR agera ku 156 ngo yahawe agera kuri miliyari 11 FRW, bivugwa ko ari inzego z’abikorera, ariko ntibyari byo kuko nta wikorera n’umwe wahawe amafaranga. Gusa hari icyiciro cy’amafaranga yari agamije guhabwa izo nzego z’abikorera zagizweho ingaruka na Covid-19, hakoreshejwe miliyari 11 FRW zahawe sosiyete zigera ku 156. Hari kandi abambari ba FPR bahise bashinga ibigo bito n’ibiciriritse bigera kuri 52 maze bahabwa agera kuri miliyari 6 FRW nubwo Uzziel yatinyutse akavuga ko yahawe ibigo bito 5852.
Minisitiri w’Ubukungu n’Imari, Dr. Ndagijimana Uzziel, yavuze ko nyuma y’uko ayo mafaranga yose ashize, hafashwe indi nguzanyo ya miliyari 250 FRW yongerwemo mu byumweru bitatu biri imbere. Yagize ati “Ikigega kigiye kuva kuri miliyari 100 FRW kigere kuri miliyari 350 y’u Rwanda, inshuro zisaga eshatu, ibi bikaba bizadufasha muri uru rugendo rwo gusohoka mu cyorezo cya Covid-19, ariko ibi bikaba bizatuma dukomeza kuzamuka mu bukungu nk’uko byahoze mbere y’icyorezo.”
Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ibarurishamibare kirabeshya ko ubukungu bumeze neza:
Muri wa muco w’ibinyoma biyoboye u Rwanda, cya kigo rutura cy’ibinyoma cya FPR cy’ibarurisha-binyoma bita ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’ibarurishamibare kirabeshya ngo ko ubukungu buhagaze neza kandi ko bukomeza kuzamuka ngo kuko mu mwaka wa 2021 ngo bwazamutse ku kigero cya 10.9%.
Nyamara nanone iyi mvugo y’ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ibarurishamibare hari ibyo yaduhishurira niba koko dushaka kumenya ukuri. Birashoboka ko ubukungu buzamuka ariko ubuzamuka bukaba ari ubukungu bw’agatsiko akaba ari nabwo bupimirwaho uko ubukungu bw’igihugu buhagaze. Bitabaye ibyo ntibyumvikana uko umunyabinyoma Yusuf Murangwa yakwirengangiza iyi miborogo y’Abanyarwanda akavuga ko ubukungu bumeze neza cyane kandi ko buzamuka. Ntibyumvikana ukuntu yakirengagiza ko amadeni FPR imaze gufata amaze kugera kuri 80% by’icyo yita ubukungu ngo bwazamutse.
INGARUKA:
Nta munyarwanda n’umwe utabona ko ibi ari ibinyoma bigamije kumunga umutungo wa rubanda, mu gihe aya mafaranga yose ahera mu gatsiko, abaturage bagakomeza kwicira isazi mu jisho. Niyo mpamvu rero FPR yateze inkware none habuze n’ikibiribiri kigwa mo, ahubwo iyo mitego mitindi ikaba ikomeje gushibyukana nyirayo, none ikaba izanye imitego mishya yitwa ikigega nzahurabukungu. Ese ayashyizwe mu bindi bigega nk’Agaciro, Twigire, Ejo heza yo yarengeye hehe?
Iyo amafaranga yose y’igihugu yihariwe n’agatsiko k’abantu bake, nta cyabuza ifaranga ry’u Rwanda guta agaciro. Ni kimwe n’uko abantu bayafata bakayarunda mu ma banki, nabwo ata agaciro. Agaciro agahabwa no kuzenguruka hose mu bicuruzwa, abacuruzi n’abaguzi. None ko nta bicuruzwa biri mu baturage n’ingamba FPR ifata zikaba ari izo kuyabakuraho, amafaranga azazenguruka ate?
Kuba hari abantu bahitamo kubika amafaranga yabo mu ihembe, mu gikono, munsi y’uburiri no mu bikondorero, nta cyatuma adata agaciro. Ni kimwe n’iyo yabaye menshi cyane nabwo ata agaciro kubera ibyo bita “dévaluation” na “inflation”. Ibi se bya bikomerezwa bya FPR byaminuje mu bukungu birabiyobewe? Igisubizo ni “oya”, ahubwo byimuriye ubwenge mu gifu, biribagirwa birabunnya, none ingaruka zirimo kugera ku baturarwanda bose, hatitawe ku ngaruka.
IGISUBIZO NI KIMWE:
Kuva hatangira izamuka ry’ibiciro byaba ibiribwa, ubukode bw’amazu, amashuri y’abana n’ibindi ntitwahwemye gusaba abantu ngo bahaguruke bivugire ariko abenshi bavunira ibiti mu matwi. Mu gifaransa baravuga ngo “la meilleure defense c’est l’attaque”, uburyo bwiza bwo kurwanya akarengane ni ukukarwanya katarakugeraho. Iyo kamaze kukugeraho ntuba ugishoboye kukarwanya. Tuzabivuga kugeza ryari?
Nubwo abanyabukungu bose bashishikariza ubutegetsi bwa FPR guhindura ingendo bukareka abaturage bagakora butababangamiye, abandi bagasaba ko imisoro yagabanwa, abandi bagasaba ko Leta ishora amafaranga mu baturage, abandi bagasaba ko Leta itera inkunga imishinga yose yo mu gihugu, n’ibindi byinshi basaba, bakwiriye kumenya ko FPR itajya ihinduka, bityo ko igomba guhindurwa. Abaryankuna dusanga ibi byose FPR ibikora ku bushake muri gahunda yo gucyenesha abaturage, bityo umuti ni umwe ni ukuyihindura, kandi ibyo bizakorwa n’abanyarwanda twese niyo mpamvu Abaryankuna tudahwema gukora ibishoboka n’ibidashoboka ngo FPR yanze guhinduka tuyihindure.
None se wowe muturage urabura iki ngo wivugire? Ese iyo ubonye abana bawe babwiriwe bakaburara, ukabirengaho ugaceceka, uba yumva ko amaherezo ari ayahe? Nta handi turimo kugana uretse mu rwobo rwa bayanga. Umunsi tuzareka kuba inkebera mu mano, tukareka kugenda twububa mu gihugu cyacu, nibwo u Rwanda ruzatunga rutunganirwe. Nta handi duteze agakiza uretse kuba twakwemera kureka kubaho buhumyi, tukamenya igikwiriye Abanyarwanda bose, akaba ari cyo twimiriza imbere. Dufite amahitamo amwe gusa!
Ubu uyu munsi umuntu uhembwa 500,000 FRW nawe yatangiye gutaka, nyamara igihe uhembwa 20,000 FRW cyangwa 30,000 FRW yatakaga nta wamwumvaga. Ibi ni ibiki Banyarwanda, Banyarwandakazi? Ni ryari tuzumva ko ibibazo bigeze kuri mugenzi wacu natwe ejo byatugeraho? Kurwanya akarengane bisaba iki?
Uyu munsi turababwiza ukuri ko nidukomeza kurebera tuzashiduka amazi yarenze inkombe tubure ayo ducira n’ayo tumira. Uyu munsi abambari ba FPR barakenesha rubanda, uwo bitarageraho akumva nta kibazo, ariko byamugezeho ntazaba akibashije gutaka. Nta bundi buryo dufite uretse guhaguruka nonaha tukamaganira kure agatsiko gakomeje kumunga ubukungu bw’igihugu ari nabyo bishyira abaturage mu mibereho mibi.
FPR, IMITEGO UTEGA IZAGERAHO IGUSHIBUKANE, NATWE NTITUZAGUKUMBURA!!!
Ahirwe Karoli