Yanditswe na Nema Ange
Ikigo kiga ibijyanye n’umutekano Institute for Security Studies cyashyize raporo hanze igaragaza ipfundo ry’ikibazo kiri hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Burundi, uburyarya bwa Paul Kagame mu gucyemura ibibazo afitanye n’Abarundi, kinagaragaza ingaruka bifite ku baturage b’ibihugu byombi n’abo mu karere muri rusange.
Iki kigo kivuga ko umubano w’u Burundi n’u Rwanda ugenda umera neza, nyuma y’uko wari warajemo ibibazo guhera mu 2015, nyuma y’uko u Burundi bushinje u Rwanda gushyigikira abashakaga guhirika ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Pierre Nkurunziza. Iki kigo ISS kandi gihuriza hamwe ibitekerezo by’abantu batandukanye bafite ubunararibonye mu bijyanye n’amahoro n’umutekano, ariko bakibanda cyane kuri Afurika.
Hashize imyaka irindwi humvikana umubano mubi hagati y’ibihugu bituranyi by’u Rwanda birimo n’u Burundi. Byageze naho impande zombi zifunga imipaka ibihuza ariko u Rwanda rukomeza kwerekana uburyarya ruvuga ko rushaka kubana neza n’abaturanyi, ariko bigahera mu mvugo, ntibijye mu bikorwa. Gusa u Burundi bwabiteye utwatsi kuko ibyo rwasabye u Rwanda bijyanye no kurekura abashatse guhirika ubutegetsi bagahita bahungira mu Rwanda. Kwanga kubatanga bihamya ko u Rwanda mu 2015 rwari ruri inyuma y’abashakaga guhirika ubutegetsi.
Iyi raporo ya ISS ivuga ko umubano hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Burundi wajemo igitotsi biturutse kuri Coup d’Etat yaburijwemo igakurikirwa n’imvururu zatumye Abarundi benshi bahunga igihugu bakajya mu bihugu bibukikije harimo n’u Rwanda.
Guverinoma ya Gitega ntiyawemye gushinja Kigali kuba inyuma y’abahungabanya umutekano w’u Burundi. Kandi byari byo kuko abasirikare bakuru barangajwe imbere na Gen. Niyombare babonye guhirika ubutegetsi byanze bahita bahungira mu Rwanda, ndetse bahashingira umutwe wa RED-TABARA, watorejwe mu Rwanda, ariko ugahungabanya umutekano w’u Burundi uturutse mu Burasirazuba bwa RD Congo.
Iyi raporo ikomeza ivuga ko nyuma yo gufunga imipaka hafi ya yose ihuza u Rwanda n’ibihugu birukikije, Leta ya Kigali yaje kuvuga ko ifunguye umupaka uruhuza na Uganda ndetse n’uruhuza n’u Burundi, Abagande babisamira hejuru, naho Abarundi babitera utwatsi kuko babona uretse uburyarya nta kindi u Rwanda rukora ngo rushyire mu ngiro ibyo rwasabwe n’u Burundi. Ubu buryarya rero nibwo bwatumye Abarundi badakozwa ibyo gufungura umupaka, ndetse babyamagana bivuye inyuma, mu gihe u Rwanda rutareka kubeshyabeshya.
Ese ni iki mu by’ukuri kihishe inyuma yo gukomeza gufunga iyi mipaka mu gihe tubona abayobozi bakuru bo mu bihugu byombi badahwema kugenderanira, abenshi muri bo baba batwaye ubutumwa bahawe na ba perezida babo ngo babushyire bagenzi babo ? Ese Paul Kagame yaba adashaka kureka uburyarya ashinjwa? Ibi bibazo hamwe n’ibindi nibyo byatumye Ijisho ry’Abaryankuna rihaguruka rirabikurikirana.
Muri iyi raporo abahanga bayiteguye batanze urugero rw’ibyagiye bikorwa byerekana ko Guverinoma z’ibihugu byombi zagize icyo zikora mu rwego rwo kugarura umubano mwiza hagati yabyo ariko bakavuga ko igituma bitihuta ari uko u Rwanda rukomeje kurangwa n’uburyarya, ndetse ibyo rwemeye ntirubishyire mu bikorwa, bigatuma Abarundi batarushira amakenga kuko rugicumbikiye abanzi babwo kugeza na magingo aya.
Muri iyi raporo ya ISS batanga urugero rw’uko abayobozi bakuru bo muri ibi bihugu byombi bagiye bahura, barimo abayobozi bakuru mu bya gisirikare, ba Guverineri b’Intara, ba Minisitiri b’Ububanyi n’Amahanga, ndeste n’Abaperezida b’Imitwe ya Sena. Hari kandi na Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr Edouard Ngirente, w’u Rwanda wagiye kwifatanya n’Abarundi, ubwo biziyizaga isabukuru y’imyaka 59 bamaze bigenga. Icyo gihe Perezida w’u Burundi, Evariste Ndayishimiye, yishimiye uru ruzinduko ndetse anagaragaza ko hari icyizere cyo gusubukura umubano hagati y’ibihugu byombi. Gusa byabaye amasigaracyicaro kuko ibyo u Rwanda rwasabwe byinjiriye mu gutwi kumwe bisohokera mu kundi, Abarundi bategereza ishyirwa mu ngiro amaso ahera mu kirere.
Iyi raporo isanga ibyinshi mu bibazo byari hagati y’ibi bihugu byaramaze gukemuka, hakaba hasigaye ikibazo kimwe gusa gishingiye ku buryarya bwa Paul Kagame, udakozwa ibyo gukora ibyo yasabwe n’Abarundi.
Muri iyi raporo kandi abashakashatsi bagaragaza ko hari impunzi z’Abarundi zari zarahungiye mu nkambi ya Mahama mu Rwanda, zamaze gutahuka ku bufatanye na UNCHR. Ariko byagera ku kohereza mu Burundi abashinjwa gushaka guhirika ubutegetsi mu 2015, ari nabyo byabaye intandaro y’imvururu zatumye imbaga y’abaturage ihunga igihugu, u Rwanda rukaruca rukarumira. Abarundi bati « natwe ntidufungura imipaka mwa ndyarya mwe!» Ese ko bucya bukira amaherezo azaba ayahe wa mugani waw a mukobwa wari waragumiwe?
Ikigo ISS gisanga u Rwanda n’u Burundi bifite byinshi bihuriye kandi biramutse bikoreye hamwe hari ibibazo byinshi byakemuka, amahoro akaboneka ku mpande zombi. Gusa u Rwanda ntirubikozwa. Iyi raporo igira iti:
«Ibibazo ibi bihugu bihura nabyo bisaba gushakirwa ibisubizo bihuriweho kugira ngo bizamure icyizere gikenewe muri aka Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari kose, by’umwihariko ku Barundi n’Abanyarwanda babyungukiramo byinshi».
Raporo ya ISS yaje mu gihe ibi bihugu byombi birimo gukorana mu bijyanye n’umutekano mwiza binyuze mu nzira ya diplomatie, harimo no kuba tariki ya 10 Mutarama 2022, Perezida Evariste Ndayishimiye yohereje Minisitiri ushinzwe gukurikirana ibyo muri aka Karere ngo azanire ubutumwa Paul Kagame. Gusa ntacyo uru rugendo rwatanze kuko Paul Kagame yakiriye ubutumwa abubika mu kabati, ntiyagira icyo akora. Icyo gihe u Burundi bwabazaga icyo busabwa kugira ngo buhabwe abanzi babwo bacumbikiwe n’u Rwanda.
ISS ifite ibyicaro ahantu hatandukanye muri Afurika harimo i Pretoria na Cape Town muri Afurika y’Epfo, i Addis Abbeba muri Ethiopia, i Nairobi muri Kenya n’ahandi. Mu kubategurira iki kiganiro twifashishije raporo y’ikigo ISS, ikubiyemo ibitekerezo bitandukanye by’abashakashatsi ku bijyanye n’amahoro n’umutekano. Iyi raporo yasohotse ku wa Kane, tariki ya 11 Mutarama 2022, yanditswe na Paul Simon Handy, uhagarariye ISS mu Karere k’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba no mu Ihembe ry’Afurika, afashijwe na Antoine Prosper, umusesenguzi ku bibazo bya polititiki wigenga, ariko akibanda cyane cyane ku mahoro n’umutekano muri Afurika.
Perezida Evariste Ndayishimiye aherutse gutangariza ibinyamakuru byo mu Bufaransa birimo RFI na France 24, ko yifuza ko umubano wamera neza, n’ubwo ibibazo bitabura hagati y’ibihugu by’abavandimwe. Ni mu ruzinduko yagiriraga i Kinshasa muri RD Congo. Nicyo kiganiro kuva yaba Perezida yari agiranye n’ibinyamakuru mpuzamahanga. Abajijwe ku hazaza h’umutekano w’u Rwanda n’u Burundi, yaragize ati: «u Rwanda n’u Burundi ni ibihugu by’abavandimwe, ku buryo gushwana nta gitangaza kibirimo ». Ati: «Icyo dukora ni ugushakisha icyatuma abaturage b’ibihugu byombi bongera bakabana neza bakagenderanira ».
Yongeyeho ati: «Hari igitabo tumaze imyaka twandika hagati y’u Burundi n’u Rwanda, ariko ubu kigiye gufungwa umubano ukomeze uko wari usanzwe na mbere hose». Ibi se yabivugaga yirengagije ko mu buryarya bwinshi Paul Kagame yatumiwe mu kwizihiza isabukuru y’ubwigenge mu Burundi, nyamara akabwanga akoherezayo Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr Edouard Ngirente?
Nk’uko umuvugizi wa Leta y’u Burundi, Evelyne Butoyi yabitangarije Ijwi ry’Amerika, yavuze ko u Burundi budashobora gufungura umupaka ubuhuza n’u Rwanda mu gihe rutabushyikiriza abashatse guhirika ubutegetsi muri 2015.
Aha rero niho duhera twibaza ngo u Rwanda rubabitsemo iki mu gihe bagikomeje guhungabanya umutekano w’u Burundi baturutse mu burasirazuba bwa RD Congo ? Niba se hari impungenge ku mutekano wabo no ku cyo bakorerwa bashyikirijwe u Burundi, kuki Paul Kagame atabashakira ubuhungiro mu bihugu bya kure bakareka kugaragaza imbogamizi ku mutekano w’u Burundi ? Niba se hari ibyaha bashinjwa kuki batashyikirizwa ICC ngo bisobanure nibaba abere barekurwe bidegembye nk’abandi ? Ibi byose ntacyo u Rwanda rubikoraho.
Ninde wungukira mu mubano mubi kandi ninde uwuhomberamo?
Mu kwanzura iyi nkuru rero twavuga ko nta wundi uhombera mu mubano muke hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Burundi utari Abanyarwanda n’Abarundi ubwabo, ndetse bikarenga bikagera ku baturage b’Akarere kose, harimo Abanyekongo, Abagande n’Abatanzaniya basanzwe bakora ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka. Muri macye abakomeza kuhazaharira ni rubanda rutabifitemo uruhare na ruto kuko Aho inzovu zirwaniye ibyatsi ari byo bihababarira.
Abaturiye imipaka y’ibi bihugu byombi bavuga ko banyotewe no kongera kugendererana nyuma y’imyaka hafi irindwi imigenderanire yarahagaze, nyamara nta wakwirengagiza ko hari imiryango iba ifite abavandimwe mu bindi bihugu, amasambu se cyangwa bahakorera ibindi bikorwa bibateza imbere. Ibi rero u Rwanda ntirubyitayeho, kuko ruramutse rushakira ineza aka Karere ntirwakomeza gushyigikira RED-TABARA, ndetse rugatanga abayigize bashakishwa uruhindu na Leta y’u Burundi.
Abashoramari bagera kuri 200 bo muri Uganda baherutse kujya kwinginga u Burundi ngo rufungure imipaka kuko ibicuruzwa biva muri Uganda bijya i Burundi binyura mu Rwanda. Nibura buri mwaka Uganda yohereza mu Burundi ibicuruzwa bifite agaciro ka Miliyoni y’amadolari y’Amerika, Abarundi nabo bakohereza muri Uganda ibicuruzwa bifite agaciro kari munsi y’ayo gato.
Ubu buryarya bwa Kagame na FPR ye bukwiye kwamaganwa n’amahanga yose kuko bumaze kugera ku ntera ikomeye, itagomba kwihanganirwa na buri wese utuye muri aka Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari.
Twararambiweeee !!!
Nema Ange