Yanditswe na Remezo Rodriguez
Abanyarwanda batandukanye bakunze kumvikana bataka, batabaza, bijujutira serivisi mbi bahabwa mu nzego z’ibanze, nyamara ijambo ryo kubakina ku mubyimba rikaba ko “Umuturage ari ku Isonga”, imvugo imaze gusakara ikaba ari “Umuturage ku Musonga”, kubera akaga n’akangaratete bashyizwemo na FPR.
Mu buryo bwo gukomeza gukina ku mubyimba abaturage no kubongerera umusonga, ya Nteko ishinga amategeko ya baringa, idakorera abaturage, ahubwo ikorera abayigabiye imyanya, yongeye gutoneka abaturage bazahajwe n’agahinda gakabije, ibabwira ko rwose mu mitangire ya serivisi bakomeje kuba ku isonga; nyamara ibitangazwa byose biba ari ibicupuri, itekinika ry’imibare no kubeshya u Rwanda n’amahanga.
Mu buryo buteye isoni, kuri uyu wa Mbere, tariki ya 24/04/2023, Inteko Rusange y’Umutwe w’Abadepite yatumije Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu ngo atange ibisobanuro mu magambo ku kibazo cy’imitangire ya serivisi cyagaragaye mu nzego z’ibanze. Ni umwe mu myanzuro yafashwe nyuma yo kugezwaho raporo y’ibikorwa by’Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Imiyoborere, RGB, mu 2021/22 ndetse n’ibiteganyijwe gukorwa mu 2022/23. Ibi byabaye gutoneka abaturage no kubakina ku mubyimba kuko iyi raporo yari ibinyoma gusa.
Mu itekinika rihambaye, ibyiswe ubushakashatsi bwa 11 ku buryo abaturage babona imiyoborere ibabereye n’imitangire ya serivisi mu nzego zibegereye, CRC (Citizen Report Card), bwagaragaje ko igipimo cy’uko abaturage babona imitangire ya serivisi cyakomeje kuzamuka. Ariko cyazamukiye he? Kuri nde?
Ikinyoma gihambaye cyavuze ko isesengura ry’ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi rigaragaza ko abaturage bishimiye serivisi bahabwa n’inzego zibegereye ku kigero cya 76.1%, kivuye kuri 74.1% muri CRC ya 2021. Ibi byabaye agahomamunwa kuko utabwira umuturage ko ari ku isonga kandi umusonga, abarasirwa ubusa bariyongereye, abafungirwa ubusa bariyongereye, amafaranga atagira ingano ahora yakwa abaturage nyamara bajya ku isoko bakagura umuceri wa kigori ku 1600 FRW, Leta yarababeshye ko kizagura 850 FRW, ngo kubera ko yigomwe umusoro ku nyongeragaciro (TVA).
Kuva Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi (MINICOM) yatangaza iki kinyoma cyo kugabanya ibiciro, igashyiraho nomero ngo yo guhamagara mu gihe abacuruzi banze gukurikiza ibiciro byashyizweho, ari yo 3739, ariko habuze umuturage n’umwe uvuga ko yayihamagaye ikitaba. Iyi nomero bavuga ko itishyurwa ni ikinyoma gihambaye. Mu kiganiro Rirarashe cya RADIOTV10 cyo kuri uyu wa Mbere, tariki ya 24/04/2023, abaturage babyutse bahamagara baturutse mu Turere twose tw’igihugu bavuga ko ibi biciro MINICOM yashyizeho ari ikinyoma gitereye, abacuruzi aho kubigabanya babyongereye, abaturage bibaza impamvu yo gusongwa bigeze aho. Muri cya kinyoma cya RGB cyo kuvuga umutekano ari cyo cyiciro gikomeje kuza ku isonga mu gushimwa n’abaturage, aho muri uyu mwaka gishimwa ku gipimo cya 91.9% mu gihe muri CRC ya 2021 cyashimwaga kuri 91.6%, ibi nabyo abaturage babiteye ishoti bavuga ko ahubwo Leta yabateje abajura, irangije ikajya ivuga ko yabarashe, ariko hakaraswa n’inzirikarekangane, abenshi bagafungirwa mu magereza no mu bigo by’inzererezi. Ni gute umutekano waza ku isonga, ibigo by’inzererezi byuzuye inzirakarengane.
Umukobwa wa Semuhanuka wakurikije Se witwa Kayitesi Usta, ukuriye RGB, yakinnye abaturage ku mubyimba, ababwira ko igipimo cya serivisi zitangwa n’inzego z’ibanze cyavuye kuri 70.9% mu 2021 kikaba kiri kuri 78.8% mu 2022. Serivisi z’ubutaka n’imiturire ni zo ziri ku kigero cyo hasi kurusha izindi aho ziri kuri 60.5%.
Kimwamwanya umaze kubigira umwuga Usta Kayitesi akomeza avuga ko ibyavuye muri ubu bushakashatsi bigaragaza ko abaturage bashima imikorere y’inzego z’ibanze ku gipimo cya 78.8% n’aho abanenga ni 16.3%. Aha rero niho baboneye ko RGB ari urwego rudafitiye akamaro abaturage, kuko rucurika imibare, rukayishushanya, rukayitekinika, bikarangira abaturage bakubitiye ikinyoma ahakubuye.
Kayitesi yongeye kumvikana asetsa imikara avuga ko abagabo ari bo banenga cyane serivisi zitangwa n’inzego z’ibanze ugereranije n’abagore kuko bazinenga ku gipimo cya 17.3% naho abagore bakanenga ku gipimo cya 15.5%. Ugereranyije na CRC ya 2021 iki gipimo cyazamutseho 7.9%. Nabyo ni ukubeshya!
Impamvu iyi mibare yose ari ukubeshya ni uko Abadepite bagize Komisiyo Politiki ishinzwe Ubwuzuzanye bw’Abagabo n’Abagore mu Iterambere, basomye iyi mibare basekera icya rimwe, ubundi barumirwa kuko basangaga idashoboka, bahitamo gutubiza Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu ngo azaze abasobanurire.
Visi Perezida w’iyi Komisiyo, Mukamana Elisabeth, yavuze ko bikwiye “gutumiza Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu agatanga ibisobanuro mu magambo ku bibazo byagaragaye mu mitangire ya serivisi itanoze ya bamwe mu bakozi b’inzego z’ibanze.” Aha yabera yari avugishije ukuri kuko iyi mibare RGB yagaragaje atari ukuri, kuko uretse kuyiseka no kumirwa, nta wundi wayemera.
Icyatunguye abantu ni uko Depite Mukamana yavuze ko Minisitiri wa MINALOC agomba kuba yitabye Abadepite bitarenze amezi atatu (3), nyamara ayo mezi atatu ntashoboka kuko umwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2022/2023 uzarangira ku itariki ya 30/06/2023, kandi ayo mezi ntarimo. Ubwo nabyo byarangiriye aho!
Mu gihe rero abasesenguzi batandukanye bavugaga ko nta mpamvu yo gutumira MINALOC ahubwo hakwiye gutumizwa Minisitiri w’Ubutabera (MINIJUST), agasobanura ku karengane abaturage bahora bataka ko bagurishirizwa imitungo mu cyamunara, bigakorwa n’Abahesha b’Inkiko (Huissiers/ Bailiffs), bagasobanura uburyo batesha agaciro imitungo y’abantu bakayegurira abambari ba FPR, cyangwa bakayiteza imanza zitararangira, inkuru nziza yasesekaye ku Banyarwanda ivuga ko aba bajura bagera kuri 44 birukanywe.
Iyi nkuru yashimishije abaturage bakumva ko ibaremye agatima, yanditswe n’Umuzindaro wa Leta, Igihe.com, kuri uyu wa Mbere, tariki ya 24/04/2023, ihabwa umutwe ugira uti: «Abahesha b’Inkiko b’umwuga 44 basezereye umwuga rimwe», yagaragazaga ko aba bajura biswe Abahesha b’Inkiko b’Umwuga bagera kuri 44, bari barazengereje abaturage, bahagaritse uyu murimo icya rimwe, icyakora ubuyobozi bw’urugaga babarizwamo rwahamije ko ari ku bushake bwabo kandi ko nta cyuho basize muri uyu mwuga. Ibi rero baba babivuga bumvako babeshya injiji ntibakamenye ko Abanyarwanda bacanye ku maso.
Iteka rya Minisitiri ryemerera aba Bahesha b’Inkiko b’Umwuga guhagarika inshingano ryasohotse mu igazeti ya Leta ku wa 19 Mata 2023. Ikiriho rero nta muntu ushobora gusezera akazi, adafite akandi, ahubwo icyabaye ni uko ari shikarete zari zashizemo uburyohe, zagombaga kujuganywa mu bishingwe. Abirukanywe bose barimo abagore 16 n’abagabo 28. Bose bakaba baragiye banengwa kugurisha imitungo y’abaturage bakayirira, ntagere mu kigega cya FPR, kandi asigaye ntahabwe ba nyiri imitungo.
Urugero rufatika ni uko umuturage ufite imitungo ifite agaciro ka Miliyoni 100 FRW, ishobora kugurishwa kugira ngo yishyure ideni yahatiwe rya miliyoni 15 FRW, imitungo ikabanza igateshwa agaciro, ikabarirwa miliyoni 20 FRW, aba bajura ngo ni Abahesha b’Inkiko b’Umwuga bakayigurisha, yaba ari za miliyoni 15 FRW ntagere kuri banki, na za zindi miliyoni 5 FRW ntizisubizwe nyir’imitungo, nyamara uyu mujura aba yahawe komisiyo kuri miliyoni 80 FRW zitahawe agaciro, mu iteshagaciro ryagambiriwe n’aba bajura.
Iyi nkuru yashimishije bikomeye abatari bake kuko byamaze kugaragara ko mu mikorere y’aba bajura batagira imikoranire n’izindi nzego z’ubutabera, aho imitungo ishobora gutezwa cyamunara ku manza mpimbano cyangwa zikiri mu nkiko. Ibi rero byakenesheje benshi ku buryo uru rwego rwanzwe kurusha zimwe zirasa abaturage, cyangwa zibasenyera, kuko aba bajura bakoze kuri benshi, babaye abatindi kandi barahoze ari abaherwe, bigakorwa n’aba Bahesha b’Inkiko ubundi babaye bategereza inyandiko mpesha zavuye mu nkiko.
Ibi rero byazamuye amarangamutima ya benshi kuko aka gahinda kazahaje abandi kandi abaturage bakaba babibonamo ubujura bwateguwe (vol organisé), bugamije gukenesha abaturage ni kubaheza hasi.
Ibyo bibazo byaherukaga kuganirwaho muri Werurwe 2022, ubwo Ubuyobozi bw’Urugaga rw’Abahesha b’Inkiko b’Umwuga bwahuraga na Minisitiri w’Ubutabera akaba n’Intumwa Nkuru ya Leta, Dr. Ugirashebuja Emmanuel. Aba Bahesha b’Inkiko beretswe ko FPR yabarambiwe, batangira gufungwa gake gake.
Aba bajura bakora ubujura bwateguwe beretswe ko cyamunara zitezwa, amafaranga akishyurwa kuri comptes zabo bwite bidahwitse, kuko bashobora kuyitiranya n’ayabo bakayakoresha ibyo atagenewe, cyangwa bakayishyira kuri comptes bloqués zibungukira cyangwa bakaba bayacuruza muri Banque-Lambert.
Byavuzwe kandi ko byahoraga bigaragara ko ko hari Abahesha b’Inkiko bangaga gutanga comptes zabo ku muntu watsinze muri cyamunara, igihe cyo kwishyura kikabarangiriraho, imitungo igasubizwa ku isoko, ba bajura ngo ni Abahesha b’Inkiko b’Umwuga bakabyungukiramo inshuro nyinshi.
Ibi kandi byazaga byiyongera kuri cya kibazo cyo kubanza gutesha agaciro imitungo y’abagiye guterezwa cyamunara, kandi bigakorwa n’aba bajura. Urugero rufatika ni ukumva ngo imitungo yo kwa Assinapol Rwigara yabarirwaga muri miliyari 500 FRW yatejwe cyamunara kuri miliyoni 64 FRW, kandi nta bandi babaga babikoze uretse aba Bahesha b’Inkiko, abajura b’umwuga, bagasagurira FPR yabahaye akazi.
Birumvikana ko rero byari inkuru nziza ku baturage baterejwe cyamunara n’abandi bose bafite imitungo, ariko ntibyari bihagije kuko icyifuzo cy’abaturage cyari uko uru rwego rwavaho, noneho ushaka kugurisha imitungo ye akumvikana n’ugura, bigakorerwa imbere ya Notaire wigenga, akishyurwa kubera iyo serivisi, ndetse imisoro ya Leta ikishyurwa n’uwagurishije. Niba hari umwuga wanzwe mu Rwanda ni Abahesha b’Inkiko!
Aka karengane gakabije kahoraga gakorerwa abaturage, bagataka ariko ntihagire ubatabara, bahoraga bibaza igihe kazashirira, mu gihe mu myaka 5 ishize Abahesha b’Inkiko 10 gusa ari birukanywe burundu, abandi barenga 50 bahabwa ibihano bitandukanye kubera amakosa akomeye yo mu kazi. Nyamara se abo barenganyije bo babyungurikiragamo iki? Icyo amatwi y’abaturage yifuza kumva ni ukumva uru rwego rwasheshwe, kuko ahanini rukorwamo n’abananiwe akandi kose nko kuba abagenzacyaha, aba-avocats, abashinjacyaha, abacamanza, ba notaires n’abandi. Nta kindi rero kibakwiye uretse gushyirwa mu bishingwe.
Ikibazo rero gikomeje kubangamira iyi nkuru nziza yo kwirukana aba bajura 44, niko hashobora guhita hinjizwa abarenga 200, noneho ibintu bigasubira irudubi. Hakaba rero hari abantu bakibona ko urwishe ya nka rukiyirimo kuko uru rwego rw’abajura rugikora, kandi icyifuzo cya benshi ari uko ruvanwaho.
Remezo Rodriguez