Yanditswe na Manzi Uwayo Fabrice
Mu gitondo cyo ku Cyumweru, tariki ya 03 Nyakanga 1994, icyoba cyari cyose mu Mujyi wa Kigali, kuko intambara yacaga ibintu, bamwe barahunze, abandi bagihari, ariko babyutswa n’inkuru y’incamugongo babwirwa ko abasirikare ba APR barwanaga ku ruhande rwa gisirikare rwa FPR-Inkotanyi bari bahawe amabwiriza na Gen. Kagame, wari wibereye mu ndake ku Murindi wa byumba, ko bagomba kuzenguruka Umujyi wose, bakica igihumeka kiwurimo cyose, ariko siko byagenze kuko Imana yakinze akaboko.
Mu gihe abasirikare bakuru ba APR batangaga amabwiriza ku bayobozi b’ingabo ngo bazenguruke Umujyi bice abaturage bose, amakuru yarabacitse agera ku ngabo za FAR (Forces Armées Rwandaises), maze abagaba b’ingabo batanga itegeko ko bareka kurwana na APR/FPR bagatabara abaturage, mu buryo bwihuse. Kigali yose yari yamaze kuzengurukwa ku buryo ahantu hamwe rukumbi hari hasigaye kwari ukunyura hagati y’imisozi hakitabazwa umuhanda Nzove-Ruli. Ni nako byagenze kuko imodoka za gisirikare za FAR zimwe zagiye imbere izindi zijya inyuma maze zishakira abaturage inzira, bakomereza muri uyu muhanda wa Nzove, babasha gusohoka mu Mujyi wa Kigali, bamwe berekeza i Gitarama abandi bakomeza za Ruhengeri na Gisenyi, mu gihe abasirikare ba APR bari bazi ko abaturage bari buze kwicirwa mu Mujyi Kigali Imana ikinga ukuboko. Ku gicamunsi cyo kuri uwo munsi wo ku Cyumweru abasirikare ba APR batangiye kwinjira mu mazu bica abantu, ariko bakahasanga abakecuru n’abasaza gusa, nyuma baza kumenya ko ingabo za FAR zirimo guhungisha abaturage, kandi ko bafashe umuhanda wa Nzove, bihutira kugeza kuri Kagame uko ikibazo giteye, ategeka ko uyu muhanda wa nzove bawuca, bakagarura abaturage bose bakabakatira urubakwiye.
Amategeko yatangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa abasirikare b’Inkotanyi bose berekeza imbunda za rutura ku muhanda wa Nzove, ariko ntibyagira icyo bitanga, kuko uyu muhanda ukikije umugezi wa Nyabarongo uri hagati y’imisozi miremire, ku butumburuke bwo hasi ku buryo barasaga bakarasa aho abaturage bavuye.
Uyu muhanda wa Nzove wari igitaka ariko ukomeye cyane kuko wari umwe mu mihanda igemurira Kigali; niho hacaga ibitoki, ibirayi, ibishyimbo, amasaka ndetse n’ibindi biribwa byakenerwa mu Mujyi wa Kigali cyane cyane ibitoki, ariko na nawo wabaye umuhanda umwe rukumbi warokoye abantu ku munota wa nyuma.
Bwarakeye ku wa Mbere, tariki ya 04/07/1994, FPR itangaza ko yafashe Umujyi wa Kigali, ko igeze ku butegetsi isimbuye abo barwanaga, ariko n’ubundi FPR ntiyari yishimye kuko abo yagombaga kubyiniraho intsinzi bari banyuze mu muhanda wa Nzove bahunze, uyu muhanda uhinduka inzika gutyo kuko Kagame yategetse ngo ucibwe hagacika ikiraro kimwe ugasigara none nyuma y’imyaka 30 ashyizwe abigezeho.
Intangiriro yo gusenya umuhanda wa Nzove
Imihanda ihuza Intara ibarirwa mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’imihanda (National Roads-NR) kiba kigomba kwitabwaho n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Iterambere ry’Ubwikorezi (Rwanda Transport Development Agency-RTDA), bityo ikaba igomba gushyirwamo kaburimbo kandi igahora ibungabunzwe by’umwihariko. Bigaragarira ku kuntu imihanda ine ihuza Intara iba yitaweho n’ubwo nayo irimo kaburimbo ihora isanwa. Gusa siko byagenze kuri uyu muhanda wa Nzove, nyamara ni umuhanda uhuza Umujyi wa Kigali (Akarere ka Nyarugenge), Intara y’Amajyaruguru (Uturere twa Rulindo na Gakenke), Intara y’Amajyepfo (Uturere twa Kamonyi na Muhanga) n’Intara y’Iburengerazuba (Uturere twa Nyabihu na Ngororero). Mbese mu Rwanda Intara y’Iburasirazuba niyo idakora kuri uyu muhanda, kuba utitabwaho rero ni impamvu y’amateka.
Uyu muhanda wa Nzove warokotse gusenywa mu 1994, igihe Gen. Kagame yari yabitegetse ari ku Mulindi, awuziza ko wahungishije abari bagotewe mu Mujyi wa Kigali, wakomeje kwirengagizwa bikomeye, ariko kuko wari umuhanda w’igitaka wakozwe kera, urakomeza wirwanaho. Nyabarongo yaruzuraga ikawurengera, imvura yahita umuhanda ugakomeza kuba nyabagendwa, nta kantu na kamwe kangiritseho, ariko kuri FPR wayibutsaga ko yafashe ubutegetsi ku wa Mbere uyu muhanda wabaye inzira y’abahunga ku Cyumweru.
Urugendo rwo gusenya uyu muhanda wa Nzove rwatangiye ku wa Mbere, tariki ya 31/07/2017, ubwo Perezida Kagame yajyaga kwiyamamariza muri Burera na Gakenke, ashaka kwitoza ku nshuro ya gatatu, amatora yagombaga kuba ku ku matariki ya 3-4 Kanama 2017, nyuma yo guhindura Itegeko Nshinga mu myaka ibiri yari ishize. Abaturage ba Gakenke bagambaniye umuhanda wabo bari bibaniye neza batabizi.
Uko umuhanda wa Nzove wagambaniwe
Mu gitondo cyo ku wa Mbere, tariki ya 31/07/2023, umukandida wa FPR- Inkotanyi, Paul Kagame yabitangiriye mu Karere ka Burera, aho yageze ahagana saa tanu z’igitondo asanga abaturage barenga ibihumbi 200 baraye rutunda kuko bari barajwe ijoro bamutegereje. Ibikorwa byo kubabyutsa byari byatangiye mu ma saa munani y’ijoro, abenshi bibaviramo kwigira muri Uganda, aho kujya kwicirwa n’imbeho aho bagombaga gutegerereza. Byababereye bibi cyane kuko abagarutse bafunzwe bashinjwa kwigumura.
Nta kintu gihambaye cyabereye i Burera uretse ko umukandida Kagame yabasezeranyije ko azabongerera ibikorwa remezo birimo imihanda n’amashuri, ariko nta muhanda wihariye wavuzwe nta n’ishuri ryavuzwe.
Ku isaha ya 14:10 nibwo Paul Kagame yageze mu Karere ka Gakenke, aho yasanze ku kibuga cy’umupira cya Nemba hakusanyirijwe abaturage barenga ibihumbi 250. Kuri iki kibuga niho Christine Murebwayire yigaragarije kuko yari mu bashinzwe kwamamaza Kagame muri Gakenke. Uyu Murebwayire yahembwe kuba umudepite, ni nawe uherutse kumvikana yifuriza Cyuma Hassan kuzagwa muri Gereza ya Mageragere. Abarimu Dusabimana Eugène na Nkorerimana Fabrice bazize uyu mugore nabo bararigise na n’ubu.
Ku isaha ya 14:35 nibwo Paul Kagame yari atangiye ijambo rye maze abwira abanyagakenke ko ibyo FPR- Inkotanyi yemereye abaturage itajya yirarira ibikora. Yagize ati: «Ubudasa mvuga aho tuvuye n’aho tugeze Christine yarondoraga ni inzira dushaka gukomeza. N’iyo twiyamamaza turi mu bikorwa by’amatora twe ntabwo tujya tubeshya tuvuga ibintu uko tubizi, uko biri byo (…).»
Uyu Christine yavugaga ni Murebwayire wari wahawe ijambo 14:20 amara iminota 15 avuga ibyiza abanyagakenke bakesha FPR ahereye mu 1998, avuga ngo yabatabaye bahuye n’ibiza mu 2016; yari yasimbuye Mayor Déogratias Nzamwita, nawe wari uherutse gusetsa abantu abwira Kagame ko “nta muturage wa Gakenke uzongera gupfa”, amubajije kuri ibi biza byari byibasiye Amajyaruguru.
Ibi yavugaga ntabwo yabeshyaga kuko abanyagakenke bibukaga bya vuba abanyarushashi FPR yishe mu
1998, kandi yari yabibabwiye koko iranabikora. Si na Rushashi gusa kuko mu gihugu hose byarigaragaraje.
Ku isaha ya saa 15:00 nibwo Kagame yari arangije kuvuga, maze aha ijambo abaturage bamugezaho ibyifuzo byabo. Bahereye ku kibazo cy’amashanyarazi bavugaga ko ubwo yiyamamazaga mu 2010 yari ku kigero cya 0%, bavuga mashuri n’ikigo nderabuzima byashenywe n’imvura, abemerera ko bizasuzumwa.
Byaje kuba bibi cyane ubwo umuturage witwa Callixte Sibomana yasabaga umuhanda wa Nzove, wa muhanda wakatiwe urwo gupfa mu 1994 ukarokoka, ibintu bihita bihindura isura. Mayor Nzamwita yasabwe gusobanura uwo muhanda, kuko yari azi ibyawo, ahita avuga ngo ni undi witwa Nzove-Ruli-Rushashi- Gakenke. Nyamara ntacyo yari ahinduye kuko n’ubundi yari avuze umuhanda wa Nzove wavumwe.
Ku batazi uyu muhanda, ni umuhanda uturuka ahitwa ku Giticyinyoni, ukanyura mu Nzove, Nyabyondo, Kijabagwe, Rutonde wagera i Ruli ukagaba amashami abiri: iry’iburyo rijya ku Rushashi no ku Karere ka Gakenke, naho iry’ibumoso rigakomeza rigana Musasa, Ndusu na Nyakabanda, ku masangano ya Nyabarongo na Mukungwa, ahahoze kera hahurira Perefegitura ya Gitarama (Komini Nyakabanda), iya Ruhengeri (Komini Ndusu) n’iya Gisenyi (Komini Satinsyi). Iki gice rero nicyo cyavumwe cyane kuko cyahungishije abantu.
Byaje kwemezwa ko hazakorwa Nzove-Ruli-Rushashi-Gakenke, aho wasenyutse burundu umaze gutwara akayabo ka miliyari 10 FRW. Uyu munsi ntukiri Nyabagendwa, FPR yawusenye ku bushake kubera inzika yari iwufitiye kuva mu 1994 aho wabaye inzira yaciyemo abari bazengurukiwe muri Kigali. Abawunyuze barawuzi.
Uko FPR yesheje umuhigo wo mu 1994 wo gusenya umuhanda wa Nzove
Nyuma y’uko byemejwe ko umuhanda wa Nzove ukorwa bundi bushya, imirimo yaratangiye. Mu myaka ine ishize abanyura muri uyu muhanda bicinye icyara babonye ibimashini bikora imihanda biwunyanyagiyemo, bamwe batangira kurota kaburimbo abandi bishimira ko ugiye gutunganywa nibura ibinogo no kwangizwa n’amazi bya hato na hato bikarangira, nk’uko tubikesha inkuru y’umuzindaro wa FPR, Igihe.com, yo ku wa 10/05/2023, yahawe umutwe ugira uti: «Ni nde uzabazwa miliyari 10 Frw zasize umuhanda Nzove- Ruli-Gakenke ari igisoro?» Iyi nkuru n’ubwo iruma ihuha ariko yatumye dusubiza amaso inyuma.
Mu bucukumbuzi twasanze uyu muhanda ureshya na 68.7 Km ufite icyo uvuze kinini kuko wanyurwagamo n’imodoka nyinshi zirimo iz’inganda, iz’ubucuruzi n’iz’abagenzi basanzwe. Twamenye kandi ko isoko ry’uyu muhanda ryahawe kompanyi ya FPR yitwa Fair Construction ishamikiye kuri Crystal Ventures, hamwe n’indi 16 iyi kompanyi yahawe. Ibimashini byarawuhingaguye, woroha kurusha uko wari usanzwe umeze nyamara ku itariki ya 10/08/2019, Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr. Edouard Ngirente yarawusuye, arabyibonera bicira aho.
Icyo gihe Minisitiri w’Intebe yabonye ko uwo muhanda usondetse kuko Fair Construction yakoreshaga agasima gake mu kubaka imiferege. Yagaye umuyobozi wungirije wa RTDA, Patrick Emile Baganizi, aramubwira ati: «Kuva natangira, uyu umuhanda naje mbona ko byamanyutse n’aho mwubatse vuba byamaze kumanyuka, mfite ubwoba ko hazacamo amezi atandatu byamaze gusenyuka kandi Leta iba yabitanzeho amafaranga.» Nyamara icyo atari azi ni uko ari umushinga wa Kagame wo mu 1994!
Uyu muhanda ugana ku Rushashi aho Minisitiri w’Intebe ubwe avuka yari yamaze kubona ko atazawugendamo kabiri. Dr. Edouard Ngirente yagize ati: «Ubu nkubiseho umugeri cyahita kigwa, niba umuntu mubona atangiye kubaka ibintu bidafite ireme mwamuhagarika kuko Leta iba yatanze amafaranga, ubu azazana isima ahome hano hatangiye kumanyuka. Kuki mutamutangira kare ngo amenye ko ari gukora ibidafite ubuziranenge?» Ni ubwa mbere se yari abibonye?
Mu Rwanda bimaze kumenyerwa ko iyo mu kigo hari umushinga mubisha, hakoreshwa umuyobozi wungirije, umenyerewe ku izina ry’ «Ijisho ry’umuturanyi». Niyo mpamvu mu mushinga wo gusenya umuhanda wa Nzove hifashishijwe Umuyobozi wungirije wa RTDA, Patrick Emile Baganizi. Ni gute Dr. Nsinyente atabizi?
Niko rero byagenze kuko mu ijoro ryo ku wa 09 rishyira iya 10 Gicurasi 2023, imvura yaguye mu Mujyi wa Kigali no mu nkengero zawo, isanga wa muhanda wahinzwe n’imashini za FPR woroshye uhita ugenda burundu mu gihe izi mashini zitarawuhinga imvura yagwaga umuhanda ukuzura, yahita abaturage bakongera bakagenda. Ubu rero ntugihari kuko aho wahoze hahindutse Nyabarongo, icyanya cy’ingona cyagutse.
Nguko uko FPR yesheje umuhigo yahize mu myaka 30 ishize, Fair Construction ya FPR ihagarikiwe na Baganizi wa RTDA bivuganye umuhanda wahigiwe gucika, nta kindi uzira uretse kuba warahungishije abari bagotewe mu mu Mujyi wa Kigali, FPR iraye iri bufate ubutegetsi. Birababaje kandi biteye agahinda kuba FPR yarananiwe guhanga umuhanda mushya habe n’umwe, ariko n’iyari isanzwe ikaba itangiye kuyisenya burundu, ku buryo itazongera kwibuka. Twari tumenyereye imihanda icika itaramara kabiri, ariko icika burundu ni ubwa mbere igaragaye, umuhanda wa Nzove ubaye nk’ikiraro cya Gahira, nacyo cyahuzaga uyu muhanda wa Nzove n’Akarere ka Muhanga, cyagiye burundu nticyanasimbuzwa. Igendere muhanda wa Nzove ntituzakwibagirwa!
Manzi Uwayo Fabrice