Yanditswe na Remezo Rodriguez
Hashize imyaka 27 imiryango mpuzamahanga iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu ndetse n’iharanira ubwisanzure bw’itangazamukuru yandika amaraporo mabi ku Rwanda. Akenshi aba ashinja ubutegetsi bw’igitugu buriho guhonyora ubwo burenganzira, harimo gufunga abanyamakuru, kubaburira irengero ndetse no kubica ku maherere, bikorwa ahanini barabanje kwicwa urubozo. Izi raporo zishyira u Rwanda buri gihe mu myanya y’inyuma, ndetse zigashyira Abanyarwanda mu baturage batishimye, ariko umunyagitugu Kagame nta gaciro abiha, ahanini akitwaza ubusugire no kutavogerwa ku gihugu, ariko ni ha handi twese tuzi neza uko abanyagitugu barangira. Ni naho rero Umuryango w’Abanyamakuru baharanira Amahoro witwa “Pax Press” washyizeho imvugo imaze kwamamara ivuga ngo “umunyamakuru mwiza si ufunze si n’uwapfuye.
Iyi mvugo rero iba ikangurira abanyamakuru bose ko bakwiye kumenya ko umunyagitugu atazamara imyaka 100, bakabizirikana maze bagakoresha ubwenge bwinshi, kugira ngo batikururira amakuba yo gufungwa cyangwa kwicwa mbere y’igihe bari kuzamara. N’ubwo babyitirinya no kuniga itangazamakuru, ariko habayeho gukoresha ubwenge, nk’uko abaryankuna babyumva nta wakwiye kuba “uwiyishe utaririrwa”.
Banyamakuru, bavandimwe, baca umugani mu Kinyarwanda ngo “ugushungura ntakuburamo inkumbi”. Nitwoye guha icyuho abadushungura, twe kuramya ingoma mbi ngo inziza izasange turiho, ariko mu minengere yacu twemere ko hasabwa ubwenge bwinshi, kuko umunyagitugu yiteguye kwica benshi, kuko nta yandi mahitamo afite, azi neza ko iminsi ye ibaze, niyo mpamvu atiteguye kwakira kunengwa, ahubwo yiteguye kwica uwo ari wese wamwitambika akagaragaza ibinyoma bye, nimucyo rero tumunenge mu bwenge.
Dufashe nk’urugero rutoya, ku wa 06/12/2021, Minisitiri w’Ubukungu n’Imari (MINECOFIN), Dr Uzziel Ndagijimana, aherutse kujya kuri Radio na TV by’igihugu, maze arisararanga, abeshya Abanyarwanda karahava, nyamara ntakamenye ko isi yabaye umudugudu, ntacyo yabeshya Abanyarwanda ngo bakiyoberwe. Ukibaza rero icyo iyi mpuguke, yafashe ubwonko ikabwimurira mu gifu, yibazaga ku binyoma byayo. Nyamara twe tumenyereye gukubitira ikinyoma ahakubuye, ntiduteze gucogora, harasabwa ubwenge, ibindi bikora.
Mu nkuru dukesha Hanga.rw nayo ikesha umuzindaro wa Leta witwa Igihe.com, yavugaga ko Minisitiri Dr Ndagijimana yavuze ko hari icyizere cy’uko u Rwanda ruzabasha kwishyura umwenda rufite. Nyamara ibi akabivuga yibagiwe ko muri raporo za Banque Mondiale na FMI zasohotse mu ntangiriro za 2021, zerekanye ko amadeni u Rwanda rufitiye amahanga n’ay’imbere mu gihugu , yamaze kurenga 80% bya PIB/GDP y’igihugu. Uyu munyabinyoma wananiwe kugeza amashanyarazi aho avuka akumva twabyemera?
Muri iki kinyoma Dr Ndagijimana yarihanukiriye ati “mu 2020, igipimo cy’umwenda igihugu cyari gifite ugereranyije n’umusaruro mbumbe cyari 71,3% kandi uzakomeza kuzamuka uko imyaka iza kuko mu 2022 uzaba ari 75,6% ugabanuke mu 2024 ugere kuri 73,6%”. Nyamara ariyumanganya ati “hari icyizere cy’uko u Rwanda ruzabasha kwishyura umwenda rufite”. Ubu se niba ahakana ko umwenda warenze 80%, ubu yatanze ikihe gihe cyo kwishyura? Ibi rero ntiwabimuhingukiriza kuko bahita bakurega kwangisha ubutegetsi abaturage. Ubu se koko twakabaye twarahumwe amaso twananiwe no kumubaza icyo Euro Bonds za Miliyoni 620 z’amadorari zisanga izindi 100 zamaze? Ubonye iyo atubwira ko yashowe mu mishinga yunguka? Ariko yivugira ko tuzishyura kandi yemera ko ubukungu bwageze habi!
Nyamara Dr Ndagijimana yararenze acurikiranya imibare abanyamakuru bakoma amashyi. Yavuze ko muri uwo mwenda yemera wa 71.3% harimo 55,6% by’umwenda wo hanze ndetse na 15,7% by’umwenda w’imbere mu gihugu. Reka duse n’abemera iki kinyoma. Ubwo yaba avuze ko u Rwanda rutunzwe na 28.7% gusa. Ariko ntagaragaze na rimwe umushinga wunguka uzatuma tuva kuri uyu mubare tukagera ku 100%.
N’ubwo ibi ari inzozi zitazigera zibaho, utari umwana wese yamwiyumviye asukanura ibinyoma agira ati “Aha rero 88% by’umwenda wo hanze w’u Rwanda, ni umwenda uhendutse, ibi rero byorohera igihugu kwishyura buri mwaka.” Noneho areruye avuga 88% kuko ntaho yayikwepera iranditse ikigega Mpuzamahanga cy’Imari, IMF na Banki y’Isi bigena ibipimo ngenderwaho mu gupima umwenda w’igihugu niba uzabasha kwishyurwa cyangwa ari umutwaro uremereye. Mu bigenderwaho hari ukureba umwenda wo hanze w’igihugu iyo uwugereranyije n’umusaruro mbumbe, aho igipimo shingiro ubusanzwe aba ari 55% by’umusaruro mbumbe. Uyu munyabinyoma ati “ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda rugeze kuri 35,2% ndetse mu myaka izakurikiraho ruzaba rugeze 37,8% mu 2022 aho mu 2027 u Rwanda ruzaba rukiri munsi y’igipimo cya 55%”. Nyamara ba banyamakuru bashaka kuba beza, badafunze cyangwa batishwe, nta n’umwe watinyutse kumubaza uko abihuza na ya 71.3% yari yasubiyemo inshuro eshatu zose.
Ikindi ni ugupima umwenda wo hanze uwugereranyije n’amafaranga ava mu byo igihugu cyohereza mu mahanga, aho igipimo ntarengwa ari 240% by’umusaruro mbumbe. Semuhanuka Dr Ndagijimana ati “ubu twebwe turi ku 192% no mu myaka izakurikiraho hose tuzaba turi munsi ya kiriya gipimo.” Munsi se gute kandi amadeni yiyongera aje kwishyura ayandi no kuzuza comptes za FPR muri “paradis fiscaux”?
Ikindi ni ukureba amafaranga igihugu cyishyura ugereranyije n’ayo cyinjiza avuye mu mahanga, aha igipimo ntarengwa ni 21%, aho mu mwaka ushize u Rwanda rwari kuri 5%, uyu mwaka ruri kuri 31%, biri hejuru y’igipimo. Noneho iki kinyoma ni simusiga kuko yavuze ko twishyura 31% kandi hejuru twabonye ko igihugu gitunzwe na 28.7%. Ubu se wasobanura ko aburaho angana -2.3% ava mu ijuru akajya muri MINECOFIN?
Semuhanuka Dr Ndagijimana arongera ati “iri zamuka rikabije ryatewe n’uko u Rwanda rwafashe amafaranga mu isoko mpuzamahanga ry’impapuro mpeshamwenda, aho rwabonye miliyoni 620$ rwari rukeneye.” Ariko agaragaza icyo yashowemo kizatuma inyungu ijya kwishyura? Ahubwo akazana akanyoma k’abana ngo “twagombaga kuba turi hasi cyane ya kiriya gipimo, muziko twakoze ikintu gikomeye, twafashe amafaranga muri Euro Bonds, twishyura umwenda wagombaga kwishyurwa mu 2023, twawishyuye mbere y’igihe.” Namwe munyumvire inzobere mu bukungu ziguza zigiye kwishyura, mu gihe yemera ko “undi mwenda uhenze wari kuri 7% by’inyungu ndetse hishyurwa miliyoni 100$ y’umwenda Rwanda Air yari irimo mu bijyanye n’indege.” Iyi se yinjiza iki? Byose ni ibinyoma baba baremangatanyije, bakumva ko tukiri mbere ya 2000 aho kumenya amakuru byagoranaga!!!
Ikindi kinyoma gikabije ni raporo za BNR zivuga ko mu 2022 ubukungu buzazamuka ku kigero cya 7,2%, mu
2023 buzamuke kuri 7,9%, mu 2024 buzamuke 7,5% no mu 2025 buzamuke 7.5%. Biturutse kuki?
Mu kwanzura iki cyegeranyo rero twakongera kwisabira abanyamakuru, bo jisho rya rubanda, ko bakwiye kubikora bashyiramo ubwenge bwinshi. Kugira ubwenge rero bisobanuye kubugira mu byiciro bine by’ingenzi:
- Ubwenge bubarwa muri IQ cyangwa “Intectual Quotient”, butuma tujya mu ishuri tukamenya ibyo batwigisha;
- Ubwenge bwa 2 bubarwa kuri EQ cyangwa “Emotional Quotient”, butuma tubasha kumenya abo tubana n’uko tubana nabo;
- Ubwenge bwa 3 bubarwa kuri SQ cyangwa “Social Quotient”, butuma tubaho muri société twirinda ibibazo nta n’ibyo duteza;
- Ubwenge bwa 4 bubarwa kuri AQ cyangwa “Adversity Quotient”, butuma twabasha kwivana mu bibazo twashowemo. Nta kabuza niduhuza ibi bipimo by’ubwenge uko ari bine, FPR izata igihugu yiruke.
FPR, WAHISEMO AGAFUNI, DUHITAMO UBWENGE, UZIRUKA VUBA, KANDI NTITUZAGUMBURA!
Remezo Rodriguez
Kigali